Outcome of the second Civil War and Regicide

Question 1

Treaty of Newport

Answer 1

September 1648
Presbyterians and Moderates continued seeking a negotiation, wished to not alter the fundamental government
Aims:
- Parliamentary control of armed forces for 10 years
- Presbyterianism for 3 years
- Exclusion of prominent royalists from Parliament
Highly favourable terms, army felt betrayed

Question 2

Windsor Prayer Meeting

Answer 2

April-May 1648
Army stated Charles was a “man of blood”; used Book of Numbers to state he had to pay with death for going against Providence
Turning point

Question 3

Army Remonstrance

Answer 3

November 1648
Demanded King to be put on trial for treason; revolutionary in separating King from office
Implication that the “people” represented by Parliament were empowered to hold the King accountable
Parliament still voted to continue negotiations

Question 4

Pride’s Purge

Answer 4

December 1648
Pride forcibly excluded 270 MPs from commons to achieve regicide

Question 5

Vote to Regicide

Answer 5

Passed by Rump 6 January 1649
Established the Court of High Commission, in which Charles was not head
Vote does not pass through Lords

Question 6

TRIAL

Answer 6

20-27 January 1649
- Judges sceptical from taking place
- Judge Bradshaw wore a bulletproof hat
- Charles charged as a Tyrant, Traitor, Murderer, and public enemy
- Charles refuses to accept validity of the Court, “under what power”
- Lady Fairfax denounces court publicly- majority of the population disagree with regicide

Question 7

REGICIDE

Answer 7

• 30 January 1649
• 59 men signed it- highly reluctant; Cromwell pressured them into fearing vengeance from the King if he was reinstated

Question 8

Charles’ response

Answer 8

• claimed he was a “martyr of the people”; moving from a corruptible to an incorruptible crown
• “Eikon Basilike”, a book on reflections of Charles’ life (allegedly written by him) became highly popular- 35 editions published within a year