over the counter drugs

Question 1

over the counter drugs

Answer 1

nonprescription drugs used for short term treatment of common minor illnesses.

Question 2

how many OTC drugs are available

Answer 2

300,000

Question 3

OTC drugs are regulated by

Answer 3

health canada’s food and drug regulations

Question 4

how many canadians use OTC drugs

Answer 4

80%

Question 5

plain language labelling requires

Answer 5

purpose and uses, storage info, dose instructions, inactive ingredients, warnings and adverse effects, when not to use, when to contact doctor, DIN and exp date

Question 6

process of reclassification

Answer 6

submit a switch application to NDSAC

Question 7

process of reclassification requires review of

Answer 7

clinical trial results and safety data submitted to health canada

Question 8

ex of some reclassified OTC drugs: analgesics

Answer 8

acetaminophen, codeine 8 mg, caffeine (tylenol NO1), ibuprofen, naproxen sodium

Question 9

ex of reclassified OTC drugs: histamine blockers

Answer 9

cetrizine (reactine), diphenhydramine hcl (benadryl), famotidine (pepsid)

Question 10

ex of reclassified smoking deterrents

Answer 10

nicotine gum (Nicorette), nicotine transdermal patch (Nicoderm)

Question 11

ex of reclassified topical meds

Answer 11

clotrimazole (canesten), miconazole nitrate (micazole), minoxidil (minox)

Question 12

advantages of OTCs

Answer 12

• convenience
• decreased health care costs when drug is paid out of pocket

Question 13

disadvantages of OTCs

Answer 13

• can postpone treatment of serious disorders
• may delay treatment of serious disorders
• can relieve symptoms but not the cause

Question 14

potential hazards of OTCs

Answer 14

toxicity, interactions with prescription meds, misuse

Question 15

what is the daily max of acetaminophen

Answer 15

4000 mg. too much can cause hepatic toxicity

Question 16

use of natural health products

Answer 16

• boost the immune system
• therapeutic agents for treatment and prevention of disease
• adjunct therapy to support conventional pharmaceutical therapies

Question 17

dietary supplements

Answer 17

vitamin and mineral supplements

Question 18

herbs

Answer 18

teas, oils, ointments, dried extract

Question 19

homeopathy

Answer 19

microdose of substance thought to cause disease.

Question 20

other examples of natural health products

Answer 20

traditional chinese, ayurvedic, other traditional medicines, probiotics, amino acids and essential fatty acids

Question 21

natural health products are regulated by

Answer 21

natural and non-prescription health products directorate. NNHPD

Question 22

what percent of Canadians regularly take vitamins, minerals, herbal products and homeopathic meds

Answer 22

71%

Question 23

NCCAM stands for

Answer 23

national center for complementary and alternative medicine

Question 24

commonly used herbal products

Answer 24

aloe, feverfew, ginko biloba, goldenseal, st johns wort, valerian, chamomile, echinacea, garilic, ginseng, hawthorn, ginger

Question 25

conditions treated with herbal products

Answer 25

anxiety, cold and cough, depression, headache, insomnia, ulcers, PMS, arthritis, constipation, fever, infection, stress, intestinal disorders

Question 26

interactions with chamomile

Answer 26

increased potential for bleeding with anticoagulants

Question 27

interactions with cranberry

Answer 27

decreased elimination of many drugs excreted by the kidneys

Question 28

interactions with echinecea

Answer 28

interference or counteraction to immunosuppressant drugs and antivirals

Question 29

interactions with evening primrose

Answer 29

antipsychotic drugs

Question 30

interactions with garlic

Answer 30

interference with hypoglycemic drugs and warfarin sodium

Question 31

interactions ginkgo biloba

Answer 31

increase bleeding with anticoagulants and antiplatelets

Question 32

interactions ginger root

Answer 32

at high doses possible interference with cardiac, antidiabetic, or anticoagulants

Question 33

interactions with grapefruit (decreased metabolism)

Answer 33

decreases the metabolism of drugs used for erectile dysfunction, estrogens and some psychotherapeutic drugs

Question 34

interactions with grapefruit (increased actions)

Answer 34

increases the risk of toxicity of immunosuppressants, statins and some psychotherapeutic drugs. increases intensity and duration of caffeine

Question 35

interactions with hawthorn

Answer 35

can lead to toxic levels of cardiac glycosides

Question 36

interactions with kava

Answer 36

increased effects of barbiturates and alcohol

Question 37

interactions with saw palmetto

Answer 37

may change the effects of hormones in oral contraceptive drug patches or hormonal replacement therapies

Question 38

interactions with st johns wort

Answer 38

can lead to serotonin syndrome if used with other serotonergic drugs, strong CYP 3A4 inducer resulting in decreased concentration of many drugs

Question 39

interactions with valerian

Answer 39

increased CNS depression if used with sedatives

Question 40

nursing implications: assessment

Answer 40

- assess med history: all meds used including OTC, prescription, natural health - assess levels of education - assess info specific to products - system functioning - interactions

Question 41

T or F manufacturers of herbal products are not required to prove saftey and effectiveness

Answer 41

true