Overcoming CNS Response to Injury Flashcards
What are some complications after SCI?
Decubitus, pneumonia, PE, MI, infection, hemorrhage
Which cell type is concerning after SCI injury? Why?
Microglia. Continue to release cytokines
What have activated microglia been linked with?
Neuropathic pain
What is one treatment to reduce pain sensitivity and microglia after SCI?
Rapamycin
What are the some of the systemic effects of chronic inflammation, in addition to classic SCI damages?
Classic: sensory and motor
Also metabolic changes, hematopoetic changes, neuroendocrine changes
What medical management treatments are available for SCI, and what do they target?
Inflammatory response! Efficacy questionable
Methylprednisone, erythropoietin, Minocycline
What surgical techniques are there to treat SCI?
Decompression/stabilization of spine
Management of syringomyelic cysts
What is the best treatment we have right now and why?
Rehabilitation
- Improves systemic immune function
- Improves functional recovery
Why can CNS axons NOT regenerate?
They cannot reach their destination due to the ENVIRONMENT
What are the recent approaches to treating SCI? (3)
1 Biochemical: overcome inhibitory factors
2 cellular approaches: provide substrate for axonal 3 regeneration/cell replacement therapy
Management of inflammatory response
What is the goal of cellular approaches to treat SCI?
- Provide substrate for axonal regeneration
- Remyelination
- Cell replacements
What types of cells are being used for cellular treatment?
- Schwann cells
- Neural/embryonic stem cells
- Olfactory ensheathing cells
- Bone marrow stromal cells
- Mesenchymal stem cells
What is the function of mesenchymal stem cells?
- Potent connective tissue regenerating cells: possess local and systemic immunomodulatory functions
- neuroprotective
What is function of olfactory ensheathing cells for treatment?
Bride the lesion site and become intimately associated with axons
