Overview Of Acquired Aphasia And Cog D/O

Question 1

Lesion in Broca’s area(BA 44, 45, inferoposterior portion of frontal lobe)

Answer 1

Broca’s Aphasia

Question 2

deficit in formulating and processing syntax

Answer 2

Agrammatism

Question 3

Broca’s Aphasia speech

Answer 3

Telegraphic speech: missing function words; mostly content words

Question 4

problems with word finding

Answer 4

Anomia

Question 5

Lesions in multiple areas: frontal, parietal, temporal areas receiving MCA blood supply

Answer 5

Global Aphasia

Question 6

Communication is carried out largely through gesture, tone of voice, and facial expression

Answer 6

Global Aphasia

Question 7

Transcortical Motor Lesion

Answer 7

Lesion in the anterior watershed area of left frontal lobe, extending to prefrontal areas (BA 6, 8, 9, 10 ,46)

Question 8

Intact repetition compared with broca’s aphasia

Answer 8

Transcortical Motor

Question 9

lesion of mixed transcortical

Answer 9

likely multifocal lesions in frontal and temporal watershed regions

Question 10

Intact repetition compared with global aphasia

Answer 10

Mixed transcortical

Question 11

WA lesion

Answer 11

Lesions in Wernicke’s area (BA 22, superior temporal lobe)

Question 12

Signs of WA

Answer 12

● Fluent
● Neologisms: new words
● Paraphasias
● Relatively intact syntax than nonfluent aphasias
● Logorrhea

Question 13

Transcortical sensory lesions

Answer 13

Lesion in angular gyrus/area surrounding the Wernicke’s area, excluding the Wernicke’s area itself (BA 39); and posterior portion of middle temporal gyrus (BA 37) [watershed regions of temporal lobe]

Question 14

Intact repetition compared with Wernicke’s aphasia

Answer 14

Transcortical sensory

Question 15

Conduction Aphasia lesion

Answer 15

Lesions in arcuate fasciculus (BA 40, within supramarginal gyrus)

Question 16

Conduction Aphasia symptoms

Answer 16

● Impaired repetition (more di culty with longer and moe complex stimuli)
● Good comprehension and spontaneously production of spoken and written language
● Awareness of errors
● Common phonemic paraphasias

Question 17

Lesion in angular gyrus

Answer 17

Anomic aphasia

Question 18

Signs of anomic aphasia

Answer 18

● Comprehension and syntactic production
are relatively spread
● Circumlocutions, use of generic terms

Question 19

Any form of aphasia due to damage to RH instead of LF in a person who is right-handed

Answer 19

Crossed Aphasia

Question 20

Lesion below the cortex (thalamus, basal ganglia, cerebellum)

Answer 20

Subcortical Aphasia

Question 21

● Frontal lobe is likely a ected during TBI
● Left and right orbital frontal lobe injury →
frontal lobe symptoms

Answer 21

FL syndrome

Question 22

● Executive function deficits: challenges with
self-regulation, reasoning, making judgements and decisions, goal setting, planning, strategizing, being aware of strengths and weakness, organizing, sequencing, allocating attention, inhibiting inappropriate behaviors
● Pragmatic deficits: problem with social use of language

Answer 22

FL syndrome

Question 23

Perceptual and Attentional Deficits
● Left hemispatial deficits
● Prosopagnosia

Answer 23

RHD

Question 24

A ffective Deficits
● Di culty expressing emotions
● Di culty recognizing emotions of others
● Depression
● Apparent lack of motivation

Answer 24

RHD

Question 25

Communicative Deficits ● Difficulty with word retrieval ● Impaired auditory-verbal comprehension ● Reading and writing deficits ● Impaired prosodic features of speech ● Difficulty with pragmatics ● dysarthria

Answer 25

RHD

Question 26

Cognitive deficits ● Disorientation ● Impaired attention ● Difficulty with memory ● Poor integration of info ● Difficulty with logic, reasoning, planning, and problem solving ● Impaired comprehension of inferred meanings ● Difficulty understanding humor

Answer 26

RHD

Question 27

● Prosopagnosia ● Anosognosia ● Anosodiaphoria ● Constructional impairments ● Memory deficits ● Topographical and disorientation geographical ● Planning, problem solving, and organizing deficits

Answer 27

RHD

Question 28

● Progressive diuse brain atrophy and accumulation of beta-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles ● Gradual onset ● Memory, attention, Efs

Answer 28

AD

Question 29

● AKA Ischemic dementia ● 2nd most common ● Caused by blood supply problems to brain ● Stepwise progression (due to series of strokes or TIAs) ● There is evidence of multi-infarct dementia (multiple focal lesions)

Answer 29

VASCULAR DEM.

Question 30

3rd most common, M>F Abnormal protein (alpha-synuclein) deposits Confusion, variable states of awareness and alertness, memory loss, ANS problems, visual hallucinations Many have neuromuscular problems common to PD (muscle rigidity, tremors, balance problems)

Answer 30

DLB

Question 31

Atrophy of anterior frontal and temporal lobes Most likely to occur in ages <65 (Onset typically in 40-60s) Symptoms determined by associated functions of aected specific areas of brain PPA and certain type of movement disorders are also associated with some forms of FTD EL and RL deficits Behavioral variant FTD

Answer 31

FTD

Question 32

Hereditary condition Chorea, psychiatric and cognitive-linguistic problems Poor language organization, anomia, emotional lability

Answer 32

Huntington’s Disease

Question 33

Cortical atrophy caused by thiamine (vitamin B1) deficiency, most commonly due to chronic alcohol abuse STM and LTM deficits and confabulation

Answer 33

Korsako ’s Syndrome

Question 34

Rare, rapidly progressive, degenerative viral disease Common bodily protein, prion, forms into misshapen configuration that destroy brain cells Rapid loss of cog and linguistic abilities and cortical and cerebellar muscular coordination, mood changes

Answer 34

CreutzfeltJacob Disease

Question 35

Challenges in EFs, pragmatic abilities, attention, memory HIV-associated MCI is mild version of this condition

Answer 35

AIDS Dementia Complex

Question 36

Ongoing loss of language abilities in the face of relatively preserved cognitive abilities Caused by neurodegenerative disease

Answer 36

PPA

Question 37

has insidious onset, rather than sudden onset

Answer 37

PPA

Question 38

symptoms get progressively words, rather than improve or stabilize

Answer 38

PPA

Question 39

tend to be linguistic (e.g. word-finding) in the face of relatively intact cognitive abilities

Answer 39

PPA

Question 40

● Challenges in wordfinding (esp. confrontational naming) and comprehension (even at single-word level) ● Verbal output, syntax relatively good ● Tends not to have concomitant motor speech impairments

Answer 40

SEMANTIC PPA

Question 41

Problems with word finding, especially in spontaneously conversation

Answer 41

Logopenic PPA

Question 42

● Diculty with syntax (esp. in expression relative to comprehension) ● Often have concomitant AOS ● AKA Nonfluent PPA

Answer 42

AGRAMMATIC PPA

Question 43

what is neuroplasticity?

Answer 43

Capacity of the nervous system for change

Question 44

What is intrinsic learning?

Answer 44

Internally, there will be change in their practice patterns because of their feedback mechanisms

Question 45

What is extrinsic learning?

Answer 45

provide them with strategies and activities that will stimulate them in the perspective of motor speech. We’re going to provide them with motor experience to learn speech motor movements and to develop their PRAXIS and execution.

Question 46

6 guiding frameworks of Mayo Clinic

Answer 46

1. ICF 2. Motor Speech Treatment Hierarchy 3. Neuromuscular Treatment Principles 4. Motor Learning Principles 5. Treatment Process 6. EBP

Question 47

International Classification of Function (ICF) general groupings are:

Answer 47

1. Health Condition 2. Body Functions and Structures 3. Activity and Participation 4. Contextual Factors

Question 48

Domain: Oral and Auditory Mechanisms, Task:

Answer 48

Task: 1. Oral structure exam. 2. Cranial nerve exam 3. Assessment of speech processes 4. Hearing test 5. Case history

Question 49

Domain: Speech like oro-motor function, Task:

Answer 49

1. DDK 2. Single word sample 3. Polysyllabic words 4. Non-word repetition test

Question 50

Domain: speech accuracy, task:

Answer 50

1. CS sampling 2. Consistency 3. Stimulability

Question 51

Domain: prosody, task:

Answer 51

Ax of prosody

Question 52

Domain: RL/EL, phonological awareness, task:

Answer 52

Task: Language/Cognitive Skills

Question 53

Domain: related cognitive skills, task:

Answer 53

Task: speech perception testing, verbal working memory