oxygenation

Question 1

what controls breathing?

Answer 1

the respiratory center of the brain- medulla & pons

Question 2

A:P diameter

Answer 2

the diameter from the front to the back

Question 3

what happens when to the AP diameter when someone has COPD?

Answer 3

gas cannot exchange properly so their AP diameter expands outward. the AP diameter becomes the same as the transverse diameter 1:2

Question 4

normal breathing pattern

Answer 4

regular and comfortable at a rate of 12-20 per minutes

Question 5

bradypnea

Answer 5

slower than 12 breaths per minutes

Question 6

tachypnea

Answer 6

faster than 20 breaths per minute

Question 7

hyperventilation (hyperpnea)

Answer 7

faster than 20 breaths per minutes, deep breathing

Question 8

sighing

Answer 8

frequently interspersed deeper breath, not an abnormal process

Question 9

air trapping

Answer 9

increasing difficulty in getting breath out, common with asthma

Question 10

cheyne-stokes

Answer 10

varying periods of increasing depth interspersed with apnea, exhibits end of life

Question 11

kussmaul

Answer 11

rapid, deep, labored; diabetic ketoacidosis

Question 12

biot

Answer 12

irregular interspersed periods of apnea in a disorganized sequence of breaths

Question 13

ataxic

Answer 13

significant disorganization with irregular and carying depths of respiration

Question 14

which breathing patterns are a result of a neuro injury?

Answer 14

bio & ataxic

Question 15

PaO2

Answer 15

O2 level in the blood 80-100

Question 16

PCO2

Answer 16

CO2 level in the blood 35-45

Question 17

HCO3

Answer 17

bicarbonate level in the blood 22-26

Question 18

normal bronchiole sound

Answer 18

heard over trachia

Question 19

normal bronchovesicular sound

Answer 19

heard over bronchioles

Question 20

normal vesicular sound

Answer 20

heard over the lungs

Question 21

wheezing

Answer 21

occurs when bronchioles are constricted, common with asthma

Question 22

crackles

Answer 22

fluid in the lungs, usually indicates pneumonia

Question 23

ronchi

Answer 23

harsh sounds as a result from congestion

Question 24

stridor

Answer 24

severe constriction of the airway, emergency

Question 25

asthma

Answer 25

constriction of the bronchioles

Question 26

pneumonia

Answer 26

infection in the lungs due to flid sitting in lungs

Question 27

chronic obstruction pulmonary disease

Answer 27

decreased O2 in alveoli sacs, body begins to compensate for itself

Question 28

opioid induced hypoventilation

Answer 28

pain medication decreases respirations & shallow breathing

Question 29

anemia

Answer 29

not enough RBCs, usually low H&H

Question 30

atelectasis

Answer 30

alveoli sacs collapse, O2 is not being diffused

Question 31

aspiration

Answer 31

anything that gets into the airway that does not belong there

Question 32

oxygenation interventions

Answer 32

turn, cough, deep breathe

Question 33

room air %

Answer 33

21%

Question 34

pulmonary function testing

Answer 34

used to measure lung size and airway patency

Question 35

what is a common AP and transverse diameter in someone who has COPD?

Answer 35

AP diameter is the same as the transverse diameter 1:1

Question 36

normal breathing

Answer 36

regular and comfortable at a rate of 12-20 bpm

Question 37

bradypnea

Answer 37

slower than 12 bpm

Question 38

tachypnea

Answer 38

faster than 20 bpm

Question 39

hyperventilation (hyperpnea)

Answer 39

faster than 20 bpm, deep breathing

Question 40

sighing

Answer 40

frequently interspersed deeper breath, not abnormal

Question 41

air trapping

Answer 41

increasing difficulty in getting breath out, common with asthma

Question 42

cheyne-stokes

Answer 42

varying periods of increasing depth interspersed with apnea, exhibits end of life

Question 43

kussmaul

Answer 43

rapid, deep, labored, diabetic ketoacidosis

Question 44

biot

Answer 44

irregularly interspersed periods of apnea in a disorganized sequence of breaths, neuro injury

Question 45

ataxic

Answer 45

significant disorganization with irregular and varying depths of respiration, neuro injury

Question 46

bronchial sound

Answer 46

heard over trachea

Question 47

bronchovesicular sound

Answer 47

heard over bronchioles

Question 48

vesicular sound

Answer 48

heard over the lungs