Oxygenation and CO2 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Oxygenation and CO2 Deck (17)
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1
Q

What are the 5 factors which effect gas exchange?

A
Surface area
Diffusion coefficient
Pressure gradient
Interstitial space width
Perfusion
2
Q

What are the 2 ways that Oxgen is carried in the blood?

A

Dissolved in plasma (.003) = Least amount

Attached to Hemoglobin (1g of hb carries 1.34 ml oxygen) = Most amount

3
Q

What is the Normal range of Ca02?

A

16-22%

4
Q

What is the normal range of Hemoglobin?

A

(M) 12.4-17.4 g/dl

(F) 11.7-16 g/dl

5
Q

What is the Normal CVP/RAP pressure?

A

2-6 mmhg

6
Q

What is the normal MPAP?

A

9-18 mmHg

7
Q

What is the normal PCWP?

A

6-12 mmHg

8
Q

What is the normal EF for the left ventricle?

A

65%

9
Q

What is the frank steriling law?

A

the more you stretch the muscle fiber in
diastole, or the more volume in the ventricle, the stronger the next contraction will be in systole.
Until a physiological level is reached where elasticity declines and no matter how much stretch there is, it drops CO.

10
Q

Indications for a PAP measurement

A

Hemodynamically unstable patients
Cardiogenic shock, sepsis
Unstable thoracic surgery patients

11
Q

What is the Normal A-a Gradient?

A

5-15 mmHg.
the lower the number the better though, remember the higher the Fi02 the larger the gradient but their Sa02 and Pa02 should also be through the roof too.

12
Q

What are the normal values for P/F ratio?

A

450-500
less than 299-mild ARDS
less than 199-moderate ARDS
less than 99-severe ARDS

13
Q

A right shift in the Oxygen Dissociation Curve means what and is Caused by what?

A

Right Shift means more oxygen off loading at the tissue level.
Due to Increased temp, Increased H+, Increased 2,3 DPG. Increased C02,
LOWER pH.
Also, Sickle Cell

14
Q

A left shift in the Oxygen Dissociation Curve means what and is Caused by what?

A

A left shift means less oxygen off loading and more RBC’s have a greater affinity for it.
Due to decreased temp, decreaed H+, decreased 2,3 DPG. Decreased C02, and HIGHER pH.
Fetal Hemoglobin and Met Hb.

15
Q

How is Co2 carried in the blood?

A

HC03 formed in RBC (carbonic anhydrase Eq) = 80%
Dissolved in Blood (8%)
Carbaminohemoglobin (12%)

16
Q

What shift aids in the off loading and onloading on Co2?

A

Chloride Shift

17
Q

What’s the normal PAP? S/D

A

15-30mmHg/8-15 mmHg