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Fundamentals of Nursing > Oxygenation Chapter 36 > Flashcards

Oxygenation Chapter 36 Flashcards

1
Q

What system work together to achieve oxygenation?

A

pulmonary, cardiovascular,musculoskeleton, and nueological sytem

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2
Q

What is oxygenation?

A

the cells, tissue, and organs of the body are supplied with oxygen

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3
Q

What are the 2 major processes that occur in the pulmonary system to oxygenate the blood?

A

respiration and ventilation

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4
Q

ventilation vs. respiration

A

v: movement of air into and out of the lungs
r: exchange of oxygen/ carbon dioxide and alveolar capillary/ capillary cell membrabe

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5
Q

the air way consist of

A

nasal, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles

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6
Q

upper airway vs lower airway

A

Upper airway: above larynx

lower airway: below larynx

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7
Q

What is the major muscle for breathing?

A

diaphragm

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8
Q

The pulmonary and cardiovascular system work together to…

A

change one system and create changes in the other

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9
Q

what two systems regulate the movement of air into and out of the lungs?

A

musculoskeleton and neurological system

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10
Q

What do the airway structures do?

A

moisten the air, warm the air, and filter the air

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11
Q

true or false: the trachea lies in front of the esophagus

A

true

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12
Q

What is The function of the esophagus?

A

during swallowing it closes off so that food /fluid do not enter the lower airway

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13
Q

Bronchi and Bronchioles have what tie of layers?

A

smooth muscle layer

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14
Q

The right lung consists of how many lobes?

A

3 lobes

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15
Q

The left lung consist of how many lobes>

A

2 lobes

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16
Q

Gas exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide is pass back and forth between?

A

alveoli and capillaries

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17
Q

What are the types of alveoli?

A

1) gas exchange

2) produce surfactant (lower surface tension within alveoli to inflate during breathing)

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18
Q

What are the two major processes that occur in the pulmonary system?

A

ventilation and respiration

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19
Q

ventilation or respiration:

the movement of air into and out of the lungs though the act of breathing

A

ventilation

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20
Q

Respiration

A

the exchange of the gases oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs

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21
Q

When you exhale, the diagram muscles relax or contracts?

A

relax

22
Q

True or False:

Exhalation requires no energy or effort

A

true

23
Q

Rate is?

A

how fast you breath

24
Q

Depth is?

A

how much your lungs expand to take in the air

25
Q

What does hyperventilation do?

A

when a person breaths fast

26
Q

When ventilation increases, what happens to the carbon dioxide levels?

A

falls/ decrease

27
Q

When blood oxygen increases, what happens to ventilation?

A

increases

28
Q

Severe hyperventilation is usually triggered by?

A

medication, CNS abnormalities, high altitude, heat,exercise, panic, fear, or anxiety.

29
Q

Lung compliance refers to?

A

lung inflation

30
Q

Where in the brain controls breathing and uses feedback from chemoreceptors and lung receptors?

A

brainstem

31
Q

Where is the chemoreceptors are located in the?

A

Medulla of the brainstem

32
Q

Chemoreceptors detect?

A

changes in blood pH, oxygen, and carbon dioxide levels

33
Q

What age group do not have a fully develop alveolar surfactant system?

A

infants less than 35 weeks

34
Q

Hay fever effects

A

eyes, nose, and sinuses

35
Q

True or False:

Asthma is a type of allergic reaction

A

True

36
Q

Indoor pollution include

A

monoxide, nitrogen oxides, radon, and suspended particles

37
Q

What do you call a person who lies down, and their chest expansion id limited?

A

sleep apnea

38
Q

If a patient show symptoms of stuffy nose, sore throat, coughing, sneezing, tearing, and mild fever..what do they have?

A

Respiratory Infections

39
Q

What happens when a person constantly smokes?

A

constriction of bronchioles, increase fluid secretion of airways causing inflammation, and paralyzing cilia.

40
Q

Pulmonary Edema, acute respiration distress syndrome, and pulmonary fibrosis do what in common?

A

makes the alveoli stiff and make it difficult to ventilate.

41
Q

The most common causes of impaired pulmonary circulation are?

A

pulmonary embolism/ hypertension

42
Q

What diagnostic test/exam would best exam a patients level of hypoxemia?

A

Ariel blood gas sampling

43
Q

What sound refers to high pitch that is harsh due to partial obstruction of the larynx?

A

stridor

44
Q

mainstream smoking

A

smoke that smokers inhales and regain exhales

45
Q

side stream smoking

A

smoke released from the end of the cigarette

46
Q

hypoxemia

A

low arterial blood oxygen level

47
Q

hypocarbia is?

A

low level of dissolved CO2 in the blood

48
Q

Drug overdose leads to what type of pathophysiological condition?

A

hypercarbia

49
Q

Normal breathing is?

A

Euphea 12-20 breaths

50
Q

aphea is

A

no breathing

51
Q

A patient that has 24 breaths per minute shows

A

tachypnea

52
Q

A patient that is breathing 10 breaths per minute shows

A

bradyphea

Fundamentals of Nursing (5 decks)

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