P1 - Motion

Question 1

What six measurements are scalar quantities?

Answer 1

temperature
mass
energy
distance
speed
density

Question 2

What five measurements are vector quantities?

Answer 2

force
displacement
velocity
acceleration
momentum

Question 3

What is a force?

Answer 3

A push, pull, or twist that can change something about an object.

Question 4

How does a force affect things?

Answer 4

It can change the object’s speed, direction or shape.

Question 5

What are the six contact forces?

Answer 5

Applied force
Normal force
Friction force
Air resistance force
Tension force
Spring force

Question 6

What are the three non-contact forces?

Answer 6

Gravitational force
Magnetic force
Electrical force

Question 7

What are the two types of friction?

Answer 7

Static and Dynamic.

Question 8

How do you calculate the distance from a speed-time graph?

Answer 8

Measure the area under the graph.

Question 9

How do you calculate the acceleration from a speed-time graph?

Answer 9

Measure the gradient (slope) at that point.

Question 10

What is friction?

Answer 10

It resists (opposes) motion (two things in contact moving past each other), it acts in the opposite direction; kinetic energy is transferred to thermal (heat) energy (by mechanical transfer).

Question 11

What is Newton’s first law of motion?

Answer 11

An object stays at rest or continues to move at a constant speed in a straight line unless a net force acts on it.

Question 12

What is inertia?

Answer 12

Inertia is a body’s (object) resistance to change its speed (stationary speed=0) and/or its direction.

Question 13

What is Newton’s 3rd law of motion?

Answer 13

For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Question 14

What is Newton’s 2nd law of motion?

Answer 14

When an object is at rest (stationary) or moving with constant speed the forces are balanced.

Question 15

What is the formula for force?

Answer 15

Force = Mass x Acceleration

Question 16

What are the units for force?

Answer 16

Newtons.

Question 17

What is the formula for speed?

Answer 17

Speed = Distance/Time

Question 18

What is the formula for acceleration?

Answer 18

Acceleration = Change in velocity/Time

Question 19

What is the other formula for acceleration that involves force?

Answer 19

Acceleration = Force/Mass

Question 20

What is an elastic object?

Answer 20

An elastic object is something that will return to its original shape when the forces deforming it are removed.

Question 21

What is Hooke’s law?

Answer 21

The amount a spring stretches is proportional to the amount of force applied to it.

Question 22

What is the spring constant?

Answer 22

The spring constant measures how stiff the spring is. The larger the spring constant the stiffer the spring.

Question 23

What is Hooke’s law as an equation?

Answer 23

Applied force = Spring constant x extension
N = N/m x m

Question 24

What is a moment?

Answer 24

The turning effect of a force.

Question 25

What is it called when something turns to the right?

Answer 25

Clockwise.

Question 26

What is it called when something turns to the left?

Answer 26

Anti-clockwise.

Question 27

What is the formula for a moment?

Answer 27

Moment = Force x Distance (from the pivot)

Question 28

How do calculate multiple moments together?

Answer 28

If they are all clockwise or anti-clockwise then add them together. If they are different, bigger moment - smaller moment.

Question 29

What is equilibrium?

Answer 29

if the clockwise moment is equal to the anticlockwise moment.

Question 30

What is another name for a pivot?

Answer 30

Fulcrum.

Question 31

What is another name for force?

Answer 31

Effort.

Question 32

What things have mass?

Answer 32

All things.

Question 33

What is the centre of gravity?

Answer 33

An object behaves as if its whole mass were concentrated at ONE point.

Question 34

How do you find the centre of gravity of a symmetrical object?

Answer 34

When you draw lines (axis) of symmetry for a regular object all the lines will cross at one point. This is the centre of gravity for that object.

Question 35

How do you find the centre of gravity for an irregularly shaped object?

Answer 35

1. Place at least three holes around the edge of the card and hang it up from a pin and let it swing freely. 2. When you do this, the centre of mass of the card is directly below the pin. 3. You can use a ‘plumb line’ to draw a vertical line on the card from the pin downwards. 4. Now repeat this procedure with the card suspended from the other holes to give some more lines. 5. The centre of mass of the card is where the two lines meet.

Question 36

What are the 3 types of equilibrium?

Answer 36

Stable equilibrium, unstable equilibrium, neutral equilibrium.

Question 37

What is stable equilibrium?

Answer 37

After a small displacement the body returns to its original equilibrium position.

Question 38

What is unstable equilibrium?

Answer 38

After a small displacement the body does not return to the original equilibrium position and moves to a new equilibrium position.

Question 39

What is neutral equilibrium?

Answer 39

After a displacement, the body remains in the displaced position.

Question 40

How do you make an object more stable?

Answer 40

Increase the base.

Question 41

What is weight?

Answer 41

The effect of a gravitational field acting on a mass.

Question 42

What do we use to measure mass?

Answer 42

Top-pan balance.

Question 43

What is the equation for pressure?

Answer 43

Pressure = Force/Area