(P2) Inf. Dis: Aspergillosis (the lung) (219)

Question 1

name this slide

• 1. What organism causes this infection?
     
     2. Route of transmission?*

Answer 1

Aspergillosis (the lung)

1. What organism causes this infection?

Aspergillus hyphae (fungus)

• 2. Route of transmission?*
• -inhalation (no human to human transmission)*

Question 2

name this slide

Characteristic symptom of this infection?

Answer 2

Aspergillosis (the lung)

-Aspergilloma (fungus ball in the body-tumor like)

Question 3

Aspergillosis (the lung)

1. What other organs does this infection occur in?
2. Where in the lung does this occur?

Answer 3

1. What other places in the body does this infection occur in?

-brain, ear, and kidney

2. Where in the lung does this occur?
   * -lumen of the pulmonary cavity*

Question 4

Aspergillus

is considered what type of organism ?

Answer 4

Saprophyte

An organism, especially a fungus or bacterium, that lives on and gets its nourishment from dead organisms or decaying organic material. Saprophytes recycle organic material in the soil, breaking it down into in simpler compounds that can be taken up by other organisms.

Question 5

Aspergillosis

produces what type of infections?

Answer 5

opportunisitc infections

Question 6

Aspergillosis

in Asthmatics is known as ?

Answer 6

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Question 7

Aspergilloma

commonly occurs in individuals with what types of conditions?

Answer 7

– in people with pulmonary cavities after tuberculosis**orbronchiectasis**

Colony of aspergillus, located in pulmonary cavities from preexisting tuberculosis, abscess, cyt, or bronchiectasis

Question 8

invasive aspergillosis

that in any condition is responsible for

doing what ?

Answer 8

in any condition that profoundly diminishes the number or activity of neutrophils

Question 9

What happens when Aspergillosis

invades blood vessels?

What conditions result?

Answer 9

1. Aspergillosis invades blood vessels and produces thrombosis – multiple nodular infarcts throughout both lungs
2. Vascular invasion leads also to fungus dissemination to the brain, heart, and kidney
   * Ex: Cerebral Aspergillosis* is the most lethal manifestation of infection due to Aspergillus species arising most commonly as hematogenous disseminationfrom a pulmonary focus, direct extension from paranasal sinus infection or direct inoculation through trauma and surgery of the central nervous system (CNS).
3. Hematogenous dissemination of aspergillus – leads to heart valves, brain, kidneys

Ocular disease occurs via hematogenous dissemination of Aspergillus organisms to the choroid

Question 10

Aspergillosis (the lung)

Histologically

Answer 10

1. Secretion impregnated with silver (or H&E) shows branching fungal hyphae that are arranged radially around blood vessels
2. Aspergillus hyphae have characteristic microscopic shape (Y letter)

Question 11

Aspergillosis (the lung)

S/S:

Problems:

Answer 11

1. Symptoms

(Allergic reactions, sinusitis, pneumonia)

2. An opportunistic infection in immunocompromised host, primarily in the lung

• *3.** Halo sign – x-ray
• *4.** Problems:

(Bleeding and thrombus)

Question 12

Aspergillosis (the lung)

Healthy individuals afflicted with Aspergillus experience what symptoms?

Answer 12

Allergies

Brewer’s Lung:

Aspergillus is a ubiquitous mold that causes allergies (brewer’s lung) in otherwise healthy people

The major factors that predispose to Aspergillus infection are neutropenia and corticosteroids.

Question 13

Aspergillosis (the lung)

Immunocompromised individuals contract

what 3 conditions?

Answer 13

serious sinusitis, pneumonia, and fungemia

in immunocompromised individuals.

Question 14

Aspergillosis

Describe what aspergillosis looks like under micorscope?

Answer 14

V-shaped branching w/ septate hyphae

Question 15

Aspergillosis (the lung)

What type of immunoglobulins are

present in high number?

Answer 15

IgE (alleriges)