pacemakers Flashcards
(17 cards)
Function of pacemakers
to deliver controlled electrical impulses to specifc areas of the heart to improve heart function
parts of a pacemaker
pulse generator
pacing leads
most common location of pulse generator box
left anterior chest wall under skin
What structure are the pacing leads fed into on inserting of a pacemaker?
left subclavian vein
What are pacemakers incompatible with?
- MRI scans
- TENS machines for pain management
- diathermy
- devices with strong magnets
indications for pacemakers
- symptomatic bradycardias
- motibz type 2 heart block
- third degree heart block
- AV node ablatoin for AF
- severe heart failure > biventricular pacemaker
types of pace makers
single chamber
dual chamber
biventricular (triple chamber)
outline a single chamber pacemaker
- leads in a single chamber
- in right atrium: if issue with SAN with normal conduction through AV node
- in right ventricle: if issue with AV node conduction
When is the lead in a single chamber pacemaker put into the right atrium?
when the SAN is conducting abnormally
+ AV node conduction is normal
When is the lead in a single chamber pacemaker put into the right ventricle?
AV node conduction abnormality
outline dual chamber pacemaker
- leads in both right atrium + right ventricle
- coordiantes contraction of atria + ventricle
Outline biventricular (triple chamber) pacemaker
- leads in right atrium, right ventricle + left ventricle
- used in severe heart failure
- cardiac resynchronisation therapy
outline implantable cardioverter defibrillators
monitor the heart and apply a defibrillator shock if they identity VT or VF
when are implantable cardioverter defibrillators used?
patients at risk of VT or VF:
- previous cardiac arrest
- hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy
- long QT syndrome
pacemaker ECG changes
- sharp vertical line on all leads
- line before p wave - atria lead
- line before QRS - ventricle leads
what does a sharp vertical line on all ECG leads either before P wave or QRS complex suggest?
single chamber pacemaker
what does a sharp vertical line on all ECG leads both before P wave or QRS complex suggest?
dual chamber pacemaker
