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FRCR 2B Prep > PAEDS > Flashcards

PAEDS Flashcards

1
Q

Neonatal Lung disease with diffuse granular opacities

A

Surfactant deficiency –> PIE, pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax ; low lung volumes
Transient tachypnoea of the newborn
Neonatal pneumonia

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2
Q

Neonatal Lung disease with increased lung volumes

A

Transient tachypnoea of the newborn
Meconium aspiration
Neonatal pneumonia - e.coli, listeria, klebsiella (but not B haemolytic strep which as low volume)
Congenital heart disease

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3
Q

Cyanotic infant with decreased pulmonary flow

A

Tetralogy of Fallot (pulmonary stenosis, VSD, right ventricular hypertrophy, over-riding aorta)
Pulmonary atresia
Tricuspid atresia
Double outlet right ventricle
Ebstein anomaly

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4
Q

Cyanotic infant with increased pulmonary vascularity

A

Transposition of the great arteries –> egg on string
Truncus arteriosus
Total anomalous pulmonary venous return
Tricuspid atresia
Single ventricle

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5
Q

Shunt vascularity

A

VSD
ASD –> present later
PDA
AV canal defect –> ass with trisomy 21

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6
Q

Pulmonary mass

A

Round pneumonia
Congenital pulmonary airway malformation
Sequestration
Bronchogenic cyst
Pleuropulmonary blastoma

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7
Q

Liver mass - INFANT

A

Hepatoblastoma - elevated alpha fetoprotein
Haemangioendothelioma - fine calci
Mesenchymal Hamartoma
Metastasis
Abscess
Haematoma

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8
Q

Suprarenal mass - CHILD

A

Neuroblastoma (paraneoplastic syndrome)
Phaeochromocytoma (MEN, VHL)
Subdiaphragmatic sequestration
Adrenal haemorrhage
Adrenocortical carcinoma
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

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9
Q

Solid renal mass - CHILD

A

Wilms tumour
Nephroblastomatosis
Lymphoma
Mesoblastic nephroma
RCC

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10
Q

Unilateral cystic kidney

A

Hydronephrosis
Multicystic dysplastic kidney
Multilocular cystic nephroma
Cystic Wilms
Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease –> ass with berry aneurysms
Renal abscess

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11
Q

Stridor and Airway Narrowing - TODDLER

A

Croup
Epiglottitis
Retropharyngeal abscess
Bacterial tracheitis
Aspirated foreign body
Haemangioma

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12
Q

Distal Bowel Obstruction - NEONATE

A

Functional immaturity of the colon - Small left colon, meconium plug syndrome
Hirschsprung disease
Ileal atresia/stenosis
Meconium ileus
Anal atresia-anorectal malformation

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13
Q

Bowel thickening - IMMUNOCOMPROMISED CHILD

A

Pseudomembranous colitis –> accordion sign
Neutropenic colitis/typhlitis
Graft-versus-host disease
Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder –> can have aneurysmal dilatation
Shock bowel

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14
Q

Skeletal dysplasia

A

Achondroplasia –> metapyseal flaring, decreased interpediculate distance, tombstone pelvis, champagne glass pelvis
Thanatophroc dysplasia –> telephone receiver femurs
Jeune Syndrome

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15
Q

Double Bubble Sign

A

Malrotation/midgut volvulus
Duodenal atresia/stenosis
Annular pancreas
Duodenal web
Preduodenal portal vein

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16
Q

Posterior Vertebral Scalloping

A

Dural ectasia –> Marfan’s ; Ehler Danlos Syndrome ; NF1
Mucopolysaccharidosis –> ass w/ anterior beaking of the vertebral body
Skeletal dysplasia / achondroplasia
Spinal tumour
Normal variant

17
Q

Cystic Presacral Mass

A

Sacrococcygeal teratoma
Rectal duplication cyst
Anterior sacral meningocoele –> CURRARINO TRIAD
Lymphatic malformation
Dermoid cyst
Ovarian cyst

18
Q

Long bone aggressive lesion

A

Osteomyelitis
Osteosarcoma
Ewing sarcoma
LCH
Mets

19
Q

Multiple non cystic renal masses -CHILD

A

Multifocal pyelonephritis
Lymphoma/ leukaemia
Tuberous sclerosis
Nephroblastomatosis
Wilms tumour

20
Q

Erlenmeyer Flask Deformity

A

Osteopetrosis
Fibrous dysplasia
Gaucher
Haemoglobinopathy
Multiple hereditary exostosis

21
Q

Fibrous Dysplasia

A

Mc-Cune Albright –> precocious puberty and cafe-au-lait spots
Mazabraud –> intramuscular myxomas

22
Q

Lytic skull lesions - CHILD

A

LCH
Epidermoid cyst
Neoplasm
Infection
Leptomeningeal cyst

23
Q

Avascular Necrosis femoral head

A

Legg-Calve-Perthes
Traumatic
Sickle cell disease
Corticosteroid use
Gaucher
Meyer dysplasia

24
Q

Vascular anomaly with oesophageal and tracheal compression

A

Aberrant right subclavian artery –> post indentation on the oesophagus
Double aortic arch
Right aortic arch with aberrant subclavian artery
Pulmonary sling –> ant indentation on the oesophagus
Innominate artery compression syndrome

25
Q

Cystic pulmonary mass

A

Congenital lobar emphysema –> LUL
Congenital pulmonary airway malformation
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Necrotising pneumonia
Tension pneumothorax

26
Q

Difficulty feeding and passing enteric tube

A

Tracheosophhageal fistula / atresia –> VACTERL
Foreign body
Oesophageal duplication cyst
Vascular ring

FRCR 2B Prep (10 decks)

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