Paeds osce must knows Flashcards
(180 cards)
1
Q
Duchenne genetics?
A
X-linked recessive (dads cannot pass to sons but daughters will be carriers)
2
Q
petechial rash in an otherwise well child preceding viral illness?
A
ITP
3
Q
Prader wili is an example of genetics
A
Imprinting
4
Q
Dx pertussis?
A
Nasal swab
5
Q
calamine cream used for?
A
Chicken pox rash
6
Q
What Abx to use in Mycoplasma pneumonia?
A
erythromycin
7
Q
Triad of shaken baby syndrome
A
Retinal Haem. + subdural Haem. + Encephalopathy
8
Q
Noonan is otherwise?
A
male turner
9
Q
newborn blood test done on?
A
5-9th day
10
Q
Single rash patch started on abdomen which has become symmetrically distrubted rash
A
Pityriasis Rosea (12wk self limiting)
11
Q
Chr. of Williams?
A
7 (e7vish features)
12
Q
What age to do Sx for perthes?
A
> 6
13
Q
hyperinflation and fluid in the horizontal fissure?
A
TTN -> watch and wait
14
Q
What happens to AFP in Neural tube defects?
A
Increased
15
Q
small eyes and polydactyly
A
pautau (PP)
16
Q
7-year-old boy with learning difficulties and macrocephaly
A
Fragile X
17
Q
Micrognathia + Low-set ears?
A
Edwards
18
Q
Purple rash?
A
Necrotising Fasscitis
*think post chicken pox infection
19
Q
Where is lesion in Spastic celebral palsy
A
UMN periventricular white matter
20
Q
Swelling of head that crosses suture lines
A
Caput Suc
21
Q
DDH B or G?
A
Girls
22
Q
Most common heart complication in babies with diabetic women
A
TGA
23
Q
When are kids allowed to go back to school with Slapped Cheek?
A
When rash appears they are no longer infectious
24
Q
How many days of Otitis media with ear pain is needed before ABx can be given?
A
> 4 days
25
Repeating your speech is common in what syndrome?
Fragile X CGG
FMR1 gene Trinucleotide repeat
26
Epstein Anomaly heart problems =>
malforme Tricuspid + RA hypertrophy + ASD
27
Undescended testes increase risk of (3)
Cancer / infertility / torsion
28
TGA vs TOF
when do they come around
TGA => few days
TOF => 4 weeks
29
Classic features: cataract, deafness, cardiac abnormalities at birth?
Rubella
30
Rocker bottom found in?
Edwards 18
31
Ladd’s procedure?
malrotation
32
kochers criteria
is it septic or not arthritis
33
Neonatal blood glucose admission number
<1MMOL
34
Bow legs normal at what age?
<3M
35
#1 cause of painless bleeding requiring blood transfusion in paeds
Mickels diverticulum
36
Twin transfusion syndrome common with what type of pregnancy? (type of sac)
Monochorionic
37
What happens with personality with Perthes?
Disruptive
38
growing pains in the morning?
Never
39
What type of cyst moves with swallowing
Thyroglossal
40
Coxakie A or B?
A
41
What valve issue in turners?
Bicuspid aotic valve
42
When does Tx for hydrocele occur?
>12M
43
When to stop phototherapy?
12-18hrs check to see if >50mmol under Tx line
44
post head trauma => seizure => rapid recovery with no post-ictal confusion =>
Reflex Anoxic Seizure
(vagal stimulation)
45
If a neonate has CHD with no cyanosis, that limits your choices to the? (4)
4Ds - ASD, VSD, PDA, defected aorta (coarctation of aorta)
46
Laboured breathing + intermittent apnoea + <12M
Bronchiolitis
47
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia leads to a deficiency in what?
21-Hydroxylase
48
What closes the PDA?
Ibuprofen
49
if feeding has been reduced by >50% in bronchiolitis what to do/
PAU
*also if dehydrated needs PAU
50
Whats normal to have with the heart with fevers?
Soft ejection murmurs
51
What to always do with UTI suspect after doing a dipstick?
Microbiology culture
52
How many months is it normal for growth to stunt for?
3M
53
hyperinflation and fine crackles with low grade fever?
Bronchiolitis
54
most to all kids should be sitting unsupported by?
9M
55
How do we test measles?
PCR measles RNA
56
What can happen to spleen in ALL?
Splenomegaly
57
Erythema infectiousum / B19 can cause what complication with pain in joints?
Aplastic crisis
58
Gold standartd for coeliac?
Biopsy
59
Retinopathy of prematurity is a complication from what procedure?
artificial ventilation
60
1st line asthma Ix?
spirometry + bronchodilatory reversibility
61
Precocious puberty starts when for boys and girls
Boys <9
Girls <8
62
Acute epiglottis for house?
Ciprofloxacin for household
63
APGAR consists of what?
Appearance (muscle tone)
Pulse
Grimace (reflex)
Appearance (skin)
Respiratory
64
if <5 and montelukast didnt work?
Referal
65
left - right shunts are otherwise known as?
Acyanotic
66
TORCH can cause what type of l-r shunt?
VSD
67
DiGeorge?
22Q11
68
Surgical Tx for Biliary Atresia?
Kasai
69
Most common type of brain tumour in kids?
Astrocytomas
70
Does brachial cyst move with swallowing?
No
71
4 days from onset of rash?
Measles
72
What type of lymphoma associated with glandular fever?
Burkitts
73
Rash diseapears on face when appearing on body?
rubella
74
Pancreatitis caused by what type of virus?
Mumps
75
Croup scoring system?
Westley
(Steeple sign)
76
stridor post feeding?
Laryngomalaecia
77
CF found on what chromosome
Ch7
78
Tanner staging?
Puberty
79
Delaayed puberty ages?
>13F
>14M
* think 5 years from precocious
80
No rolling by what age?
No sitting unsupported?
No crawling?
Red flags
3M
12M (normal 6M)
(normal 9M)
81
H2H transfer age?
6M
82
By when should they startle to sound?
Laugh by?
6week
3M
83
Moro reflex diseapears by?
Babinksi reflex diseapears by when?
4M => Moro
12M => Babinski
84
Double bubble sign?
Duodenal atresia (hours post birth)
85
XR onion skin appearance on pelvis / long bones?
Ewings sarcoma
86
What is used in fragile X to determine?
Southern blot
87
Hodgkins shows what cells? What staging?
reed sternberg
Anne Harbour
88
Impetigo can go back to school?
48hrs post Abx
89
JIA boys or girls?
Girls
Salmon pink rash
90
Whirl sign? (intestine)
malrotation
=> Ladds procedure
91
When is new born blood spot done?
What does it test (4)
5-9
CF
Sickle
Congenital hypothyroidism
PKU ( +other metabolic diseases)
92
Femoral head flattened?
Perthes
93
Praddi willi on what ch?
Ch15
94
Angelman is?
(15)Praddi willi
=> Mum deletion
=> Imprinting
95
Bicuspid aorta?
Turners
96
White pupil
Retinoblastoma
97
Gabe Lewis?
Klienf
98
Autosomal Dominant 12?
Noonan
=> Pectus excavatum + pulmonary stenosis
99
tongue think?
Pierre robin
100
William microdeletion? (personality)
7
Cocktail party personality
101
Cri du Chat chr?
5
102
Eisenmenger Syndrome
left to right shunt
that become R - L
103
West syndrome (infantile spasms)
'jack knife' spasms that occur in clusters.
high morbidity.
104
Low dose of ICS?
budesonide <200ug
105
FEV1/FVC <0.7
Obstructive
106
Aminophilline mechanism?
PDE inhibitor
Non-selective adenosine
107
Ground glass apperance?
RDS
108
Hearing loss + changes in colouring pigmentation of hair skin eye
Wadernburg
109
Eye brows (PPPT slides)
Cornelia de lange
110
Red lesion protruding from birth?
Infantile haemangioma
111
Naevus flaemus?
Port white stain / salmon patch
112
Blue / dark grey spot on back?
Mongolion blue spot
113
Llambda sign?
diachorionic
114
Drawing a circle/
3
115
Drawing a verticle line
2
116
RDS vs TTN
RDS (surfactant def.lung disease) => Surfactant issue with prematurity
TTN => fluid still in lungs (C-sec)
117
microcephaly?
Patau
118
Double bubble is gas where?
Stomach + duodenal
119
what can keep a TGA from appearing early on?
VSD => Pancystolic murmur
keeps it acyanotic
120
hypotonia, macroglossia, an umbilical hernia, reduced feeding and constipation (mild soft abdominal distention)
congenital hypothyroidism
121
G6PD genetics
blood film findings
X-linked recessive
=> HEINZ BODIES
122
remnant that causes bleeding stools?
mickels diverticulum
123
excessive ingestion of cows milk can cause what?
IDA
124
Scissor walking? what area damaged
spastic CP
=> Periventricular
125
orbital cellulitis Tx
IV Clindamycin
126
When can scarlet go bak to school
24hrs post Abx
127
What is given to all asthma kids vaccine
influenza
128
egg on a string
TGA
129
other than the rash what el;se can B19 cause/
specific in sickle?
arthalgia
aplastic crisis
130
dilated bowel loops
NEc
131
leathery plaque
tuberous sclerosis
132
do they need a MCUG over 1 year?
probs not -> should have been picked up <6M
so USS + DMSA
133
histological changes biopsy of miminal change?
no grosly histological changes
=> Electron microscopy shows fusion of podocytes and effacement of foot processes
134
B19 complication of fluid?
Hydrops fitalis
135
Patent processus vaginalis
inguinal hernia
136
preceding history of feeling light headed and sweaty seizure
vasovagal syncopy
137
bronchiolitis obliterans organism
adenovirus
138
haemolytic uraemic syndrome triad?
AKI
Thrombocytopaenia
Normocytic anaemia
139
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia inheritance?
Autosomal recessive
140
‘down and out’ eye
oculomotor (CN3) palsy
141
protected areas for chemo?
testes + CNS
142
penicillamine?
Wilsons copper
143
how to monitor hodgkins
Positron emission tomography (PET)
144
triad of B symptoms?
unexplained fever
unexplained weight loss
drenching sweats
145
myoclonic jerks up to 2 hours after waking up?
Juvenille myoclonic epilepsy
146
whenever a epilepsy is diagnpsed what to do next?
eEG
147
small penis, reduced testicle size and no facial or body hair. He also had a reduced sense of smell
Kallman
148
milia?
milj spotsa
149
bilateral acute otitis media what to do? <2yr old
Amoxicillin 5 days immeditaely
150
Sweensons Surgery?
Hirsprung tx
151
Huntingtons genetics
Anticipation (CAG)
152
CGG
fragile x
153
Lisdexamfetamine
2nd line ADHD
154
William’s Syndrome associated with what cardiac issue?
Supravalvular Aortic Stenosis (not cyanotic)
155
Haematocolpos is associated with what?
Imperofrate hymen
blood in vagina not coming out -> amenohoe
156
vigabatrin?
West Syndrome drug
157
do innocent murmurs vary with position
yes
158
maintance fluid levels kids
100 / 50 / 20
159
minimal change Tx?
Corticosteroids
160
if a child is vomiting do we give them a bolus?
yes => signs of dehydration
161
Morbilliform Eruption?
eruption rash post amoxi + EBV
162
1st line trying to conceive PCOS
weight loss
163
if having any form of surgical manageemnt of ectopic what to give
ALWAYS give anti-d for salpingecetomy
164
umbilical cord prolapse is found in waht type of hydramnios
Polyhydramnios
165
trachelectomy?
CIn1 + cone biopsy similar procedures
166
incubation period chicken pox?
21days
167
head tilt in <12M?
Nah => ensure airway patency neutral position
168
most common finding of neonatal sepsis
Respiratory distress
169
prem babies immunisation changes adjustments from prematurity
no changes
=> do injections to chronological age
=> <28 wks than 1st set in hospital due to apnoea risk
170
milestone calculation
normal milestone + (40 - gestational age)
171
most common cause pathological neonatal jaundice
biliary atresia
172
infantile spasm vs colic
infantile spasms the child will become distressed between spasms
colic the child will become distressed during the ‘spasms’
173
type of intracranial haemorrhage with irritability + convulsions over the first 2 days of life
Subarachnoid: common // irritability + convulsions over the first 2 days of life
174
undescended tstes mx?
13m (ideally operation <6)
175
when is PDA closed
1 week delivery
176
genetic disease common in children with consanguineous parents characterised by fatty substances, gangliosides, build up to toxic levels in the brain and spinal cord and affect the function of the nerve cells
Tay Saches
177
6 blocks age =>
2 years
178
9 blocks age =>
3 years
179
scribbiling age?
18months
180
weight estimation
(age+4) x 2
