pain

Question 1

pain, light touch, pressure, temperature, proprioception

Answer 1

General senses

Question 2

mechanoreceptor

chemoreceptor

thermoreceptor

photoreceptor

nociceptor

Answer 2

mechanical/touch.pressure

chemical on blood/food/air

activated by heat or cold

activate by light

activate by painful stimuli

Question 3

stimulus
sense organ
receptor cell
action potential
cns

Answer 3

Sensory pathway

Question 4

pain, temperature, touch

Answer 4

unencapsulated free nerve

Question 5

deep pressure, light touch

Answer 5

encapsulated

Question 6

unpleasant sensation associated with potential tissue damage by specific nerve orf brain

Answer 6

pain

Question 7

receptor
afferent pathway
integration center
efferent pathway
effector

Answer 7

pain pathology

Question 8

carry sensory impulse from body to brain

Peripheral NS-spinal gate dorsal horn- CNS

Answer 8

Afferent pathway (sensory nerves)

Question 9

in brainstem, midbrain, diencephalon, cerebral cortex

Answer 9

interpretive centers

Question 10

carry impulse from brain to muscle receptor, descend from CNS to dorsal horn of spinal cord

Answer 10

efferent pathway (motor nerves)

Question 11

protective mechanism
most common medical attention
subjective
-delay healing
-result in tolerance
-stimulate stress response

Answer 11

Pain

Question 12

Point which stimulus is perceived as pain

Answer 12

pain threshold

Question 13

maximum intensity that a person will endure before wanting action

Answer 13

pain tolerance

Question 14

pain from: stimuli to joint skin muscle

- easy to pinpoint

Answer 14

somatic pain

Question 15

pain from: stimuli to organs, expansion pressure hypoxia

vague and diffuse

sensed at other locations on body (reffered)

Answer 15

visceral pain

Question 16

abnormal pressure of sensory input by nervous system bc of damage to brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves

tends to be chronic and intractable

Answer 16

neuropathic pain

Question 17

result of trauma/disease to peripheral nerve

Answer 17

peripheral pain

Question 18

cause by lesion or dysfunction in the spinal cord or brain

Answer 18

central pain

Question 19

nociceptic or neurogenic pain

persistent or intermittent

last 3-6months

related to tissue,inflammation or injury

result in: depression, difficulty sleeping, eating

Answer 19

chronic pain

Question 20

chronic progressing pain that is unrelenting and dibilitating

drugs dont help

common in severe injury ie crushing nerves

Answer 20

intractable pain

Question 21

distracting stimulus may negate pain

Answer 21

gate control theory

Question 22

active generation of subjective experiences through a network of neurons

Answer 22

neuromatrix theory

Question 23

inhibit transmission of pain and impulses in spinal and brain by binding to receptors

Answer 23

endorphins

Question 24

sensory receptor stop generating impulse after extended use

Answer 24

adaptation

Question 25

maintains core body temp 97-100 mediate by hypothalamus, thermoreceptor, skin, spinal cord, abs

Answer 25

thermoregulation

Question 26

heat production by chemical reaction of metabolism in liver, muscle tone and contraction amount affected by: food consumption, physical activity, hormone levels heat distribute by circulatory system

Answer 26

mechanism of heat production and loss

Question 27

vasoconstriction: blood shunt from periphery to core chemical thermogenesis: release thyroxine and epinephrine to increase metabolism shiver

Answer 27

Heat conservation- INVOLUNTARY

Question 28

more clothing, movement

Answer 28

heat conservation- VOLUNTARY

Question 29

temporary resetting of hypothalamic thermostat to higher level - response to endo or exogenic pyroxen - decrease serumL iron,zinc, copper - lysosomal breakdown and autodestruction enhance phagocytosis

Answer 29

fever

Question 30

not mediated by pyrogen, set point no reset causes: environment, genetic abnormality, injury to hypo, meds nerve damage, coagulate protein and death convulsions

Answer 30

hyperthermia

Question 31

heat cramps, heat exhaustions, heat stroke, malignant hyperthermia

Answer 31

accidental hyperthermia

Question 32

body temp falls below 93.2 depression of cns and respiratory vasoconstriction, increase blood viscosity and ischemic tissue damage, cell rupture and die

Answer 32

hypothermia

Question 33

Risk: infants due to heat conservation -ineffective shiver, little Sub Q fat, large surface area to body mass

Answer 33

Risk populatijon

Question 34

``` slow circulation skin functiojn decrease heat producing activity slow metabolism diminish sweating ```

Answer 34

risk population