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PSY4170 - Neuroscience of Cognition and Behaviour > Pain > Flashcards

Pain Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three components of pain

A
  • Sensory
  • Affective-motivational
  • Cognitive-evaluative
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2
Q

What is descarte’s historical perspective on pain

A

Fluid-filled nerves transmit processing to the brain

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3
Q

What mechanisms travel by the medial meniscal pathway

A

mylentated Abeta mechanoreceptors, Aalpha and Adelta

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4
Q

What type of signals travel via the medial meniscal pathway

A

Touch, vibration, 2-point discrimination, body in space

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5
Q

What mechanisms travel by the spinothalamic pathway

A

Lightly mylineated Adelta, unmylinated C-fibres

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6
Q

What type of signals travel via the spinothalamic pathway

A

Noxious sensations

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7
Q

What is the nociceptive flexion reflex

A

Pathway from peripheral stimulus -> nociceptive signal -> dorsal horn -> withdrawal motor signal

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8
Q

What is NFR a measure of

A

Spinal hyperexcitability

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9
Q

Can NFR be modulated by top-down processing

A

Yes

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10
Q

What is central sensation

A

Heightened pain sensation caused by imbalance in excitatory and inhibitory signals

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11
Q

What is allodynia

A

Experience of pain to an innocuous stimulation

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12
Q

What types of patients is allodynia common in

A

Amputees or people with neuropathic injuries

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13
Q

What is hyperalgesia

A

Increased pain from stimulation that normally provokes pain

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14
Q

What is primary hyperalgesia

A

Increased pain at location of injury

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15
Q

What is secondary hyperalgesia

A

Increaed magnitude and modality of pain

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16
Q

Does repeated stimulation leasd to an increase in pain intensity

A

Yes

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17
Q

How does repeated stimulation lead to an increase in pain intensity

A

Disinhibiting nociceptive input to the dorsal horn

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18
Q

What does capsaicum do

A

Cause pain but no tissue damage

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19
Q

Does capsaicum generate primary and secondary hyperalgesia

A

Yes

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20
Q

If you take a peripheral nerve block does that prevent secondary hyperalgesia

A

Yes

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21
Q

What pathway does sensory-discriminative pain take

A

Lateral ascending pathway

22
Q

What pathway does motivational-affective pathway take

A

Medial ascending pathway

23
Q

What is the route of the sensory-discriminative pathway

A

via thalamus to somatosensory cortex

24
Q

What is the route of the motivational-affective pathway

A

via medial thalamus to amygdala and insula

25
Q

What type of strucutral change is seen in chronic pain

A

Atrophy of the thalamus

26
Q

What type of functional change is seen in chronic pain

A

Reorganisation of the somatosensory cortex and motor cortex

27
Q

Does local anesthetic lead to acute deafferation

A

Yes

28
Q

Does amputation lead to chronic deafferation

A

Yes

29
Q

How does the motor cortex change in chronic pain

A

Loss of feedback loop for motor processing

30
Q

Does the degree of pain related to the degree of remapping of motor organisation

A

Yes

31
Q

What is the feeling that a limb is not your owne

A

Somatoparaphremia

32
Q

What is the lack of awareness of your limbs

A

Asomatognosia

33
Q

What is complex regional pain syndrome

A

Pain generated by teh spinal and central processing disturbances

34
Q

Is complex regional pain syndrome related to lateral or contralateral reorganisation

A

Contralateral - reorganisation of the good limb

35
Q

What is a fear of reinjury

A

Kineseophoba

36
Q

Is the disinhbition of descending pathways bad

A

Yes

37
Q

What does the inhibition of descending pathways result in

A

Less pain

38
Q

Do rodents experience stress induced analgesia

A

Yes

39
Q

Is there an attentional bias towards pain

A

Yes

40
Q

Is the attentional bias towards pain greater in people with chronic pain

A

No

41
Q

Are women with fibromyalgia more prone to distractibility in Wisonsin card tasks

A

Yes

42
Q

Do women with fibromyalgia have a bias to disadvantageous decks in the Iowa gambling task

A

Yes

43
Q

Does fear lead to an increase or decrease in pain reactivity

A

Decrease

44
Q

Does anxiety lead to an increase or decrease in pain reactivity

A

Increase

45
Q

If you see someone stoic take pain are you more or less likely to experience pain

A

less

46
Q

Do sensory or emotional images modulate the NFR more

A

sensory

47
Q

If you are more empathetic do you have a greater NFR

A

Yes - but pain is less intense

48
Q

When viewing media of others in pain what regions are activated

A

Somatosensory cortices and inferior parietal regions

49
Q

Is your motor evoked potential reduced when viewing media of others in pain

A

Yes

50
Q

Do people with high hypervigilance to pain have fewer vicarious pain repsonse

A

Yes

51
Q

Do people who experience vicarious pain have dampened theta activity (cognitive emotional processing) when viewing pain

A

yes

52
Q

Do people who experience vicarious pain have gerater motor cortext activity

A

yes

PSY4170 - Neuroscience of Cognition and Behaviour (8 decks)

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