paper 1

Question 1

give the function of the cell wall

Answer 1

supports and strengthens the cell

Question 2

give the function of the cell membrane

Answer 2

controls what enters and leaves the cell

Question 3

give the function of the cytoplasm

Answer 3

location of many chemical reactions

Question 4

give the function of mitochondria

Answer 4

location of aerobic respiration

Question 5

give the function of chloroplasts

Answer 5

location of photosynthesis

Question 6

give the function of the vacuole

Answer 6

water storage

Question 7

give the function of ribosomes

Answer 7

area where proteins are produced

Question 8

give the function of plasmids

Answer 8

contains genes to help cell function

Question 9

give the function of the nucleus

Answer 9

control activities of the cell

Question 10

what is the independent variable?

Answer 10

variable that is being controlled or changed

Question 11

what structure of a fungi cell is not present in animal cells?

Answer 11

centrosomes

Question 12

where are the salivary glands located?

Answer 12

just under the mouth

Question 13

what is the function of the liver?

Answer 13

to form urea and detoxify toxins
form bile
react lactic acid with oxygen to form glucose

Question 14

what is urea?

Answer 14

waste product of excess amino acids and proteins

Question 15

what is the function of the gallbladder?

Answer 15

store bile

Question 16

where in the body is protein digested?

Answer 16

stomach

Question 17

what test measures for proteins?

Answer 17

biuret reagent

Question 18

what test measures for sugar?

Answer 18

benedicts test

Question 19

what test measures for starch?

Answer 19

iodine test

Question 20

name a difference between the electron microscope and the light microscope

Answer 20

electron microscope has higher resolution and zoom

Question 21

what are the functions of roots?

Answer 21

anchor plant
absorb water and nutrients
store food

Question 22

define diffusion

Answer 22

movement of molecules down a concentration gradient

Question 23

define active transport

Answer 23

movement of molecules up a concentration gradient

Question 24

define osmosis

Answer 24

movement of molecules through a membrane up a concentration gradient

Question 25

define meiosis

Answer 25

cell division-4 daughter cells with half the parent chromosomes

Question 26

define mitosis

Answer 26

cell division- 2 daughter cells with full chromosomes of the parent cell

Question 27

define differentiation

Answer 27

the process where cells acquire specialised features

Question 28

define transpiration

Answer 28

the process of diffusion and evaporation from leaves

Question 29

define translocation

Answer 29

movement of sugar produced in photosynthesis to all other parts of the plant

Question 30

what is the transpiration stream?

Answer 30

flow of water through the xylem from roots to leaves

Question 31

what is the function of stomata?

Answer 31

allow gases to diffuse in and out of the leaf

Question 32

what is the function of alveoli?

Answer 32

gas exchange in the lungs

Question 33

how have alveoli adapted for absorption?

Answer 33

high numbers for increased surface area thin walls for easier diffusion

Question 34

what is the function of villi?

Answer 34

absorption of nutrients in the small intestine

Question 35

how have villi adapted for absorption?

Answer 35

one cell thick for easier diffusion curves for larger surface area

Question 36

what are monoclonal antibodies?

Answer 36

an antibody produced by a clone of cells