Paper-1

Question 1

Semantics?

Answer 1

The meaning behind words

Question 2

Semantic derogation?

Answer 2

Meaning changes negatively over time

Question 3

Semantic Drift

Answer 3

A process of linguistic change over a period of time

It occurs because meaning become forgotten, new technology and social groups

Question 4

Etymology?

Answer 4

The history of words

Question 5

Euphemism?

Answer 5

Using words in a positive meaning

Question 6

Dysphemism?

Answer 6

Using words in a negative meaning

Question 7

Neology?

Answer 7

The process of forming a new word

Question 8

Material process (verb)

Answer 8

Describes actions or events

Eg hit, run, eat, push

Question 9

Mental processes (verb)

Answer 9

Describes perceptions, thought or speech

Eg, think, speak, believe, love

Question 10

Relational processes (verb)

Answer 10

Describes states of being

Eg, be, appear, seem, become

Question 11

What is a modal verb

Answer 11

Something that suggests possibility

Question 12

What is an epistemic modal verb?

Answer 12

Expresses the degree of possibility
Eg, Probably to certainly
It will happen

Question 13

What is a Deontic modal verb?

Answer 13

Concerned with the degree of necessity, obligation and commanding
Eg, must, should, may
Just do it!

Question 14

What is a progressive aspect?

Answer 14

A verb ending in ‘ing’

On going action

Question 15

Perfect aspect

Answer 15

A finished action

Question 16

Concrete noun

Answer 16

Countable - touch

Eg, table

Question 17

Abstract noun

Answer 17

Feelings with no existence

Eg love/hate

Question 18

Proper noun

Answer 18

Names of people and places

Question 19

Collective noun

Answer 19

Linking things together

Eg bunch of bananas

Question 20

Personal pronouns

Answer 20

I, you, she, they

Question 21

Possessive pronouns

Answer 21

My, his, put, their

Question 22

Reflective pronouns

Answer 22

Myself, himself

Question 23

Demonstrative pronouns

Answer 23

This, these, that

Question 24

Relative pronouns

Answer 24

Who, whom, which

Question 25

Base form adjective

Answer 25

Adjective serving to modify a noun | Eg small

Question 26

Comparative adjective

Answer 26

An adjective inflected with -er or combined with 'more' | Eg smaller

Question 27

Superlative adjective

Answer 27

Adjective inflected by -est or combined with 'most' | Eg smallest

Question 28

What is a simple sentence

Answer 28

Contains a subject and a verb

Question 29

What is a compound sentence?

Answer 29

Two main clauses joined by a connective or semi colon

Question 30

What is a complex sentence?

Answer 30

Has a main clause and a subordinate clause

Question 31

What is a minor sentence?

Answer 31

Something that isn't grammatically correct, but still makes sense

Question 32

What is an Interrogative sentence?

Answer 32

A question

Question 33

What's an exclamation sentence?

Answer 33

A statement of expression (excitement, wonder, surprise - with an '!')

Question 33

What's a declarative sentence

Answer 33

A statement declaring something

Question 35

What's an imperative sentence

Answer 35

A command

Question 36

What are the 6 adverbs?

Answer 36

``` Manner Place Time Duration Frequency Degree ```

Question 37

What are the 6 pragmatics?

Answer 37

``` Greeting Request Complaint Inviting Complement Refusal ```

Question 37

What is blend?

Answer 37

Two words forming one

Question 38

What is a blended mode?

Answer 38

It contains conventional elements of both speech and writing

Question 39

Discourse markers?

Answer 39

Shows the direction the written piece is taking | Eg, in addition, moreover etc

Question 41

Amelioration

Answer 41

A word takes on a more positive meaning overtime Eg pretty = sly:attractive

Question 41

Pejoration

Answer 41

A word takes on a more negative meaning Eg idiot = privot citizen: stupid

Question 41

Weakening

Answer 41

Word loses the strength of its original meaning Eg soon = immediately: short time

Question 42

Narrowing

Answer 42

Word becomes more specific in its meaning Eg wife = any women: married woman

Question 43

Broadening

Answer 43

A word keeps its original meaning but acquires others Eg place = a broad street:an area