parasites

Question 1

organism in which the parasite undergoes SEXUAL reproduction

Answer 1

definitive host

Question 2

the organism in which the LARVAL or ASEXUAL stages of parasite lives

Answer 2

intermediate host

Question 3

type of lesions that parasites can cause

Answer 3

destructive intraparenchymal lesions

Question 4

types of mechanisms to escape host immune defenses

Answer 4

• masking
• blocking
• intracellularity
• antigenic variation
• immunosupression
• defense against complement
• defense against non-specific host responses

Question 5

parasite has host Ig’s that they coat the surface with

Answer 5

masking

Question 6

antibodies from the host bind to the parasite and prevent the cytotoxic antibodies from binding

Answer 6

blocking

Question 7

live within the cells so the immune system doesnt catch them

Answer 7

intracellularity

Question 8

change surface antigens each time there is humoral response or developmental stage

Answer 8

antigenic variation

Question 9

• stimulate growth of non-specific antibody
• stimulate supressor T cells (inhibiting immune) or supressor factors
• antigen overload

Answer 9

immunosupression

Question 10

-long surface proteins that bind complement but dont form membrane attack complex OR prevent complement cascade

Answer 10

defense against complement

Question 11

parasite produces anti-oxidants to combat host attack

Answer 11

defense against non-specific host responses

Question 12

combat intracellular organisms like protozoa

Answer 12

cell mediated immunity

th-1 subset and interferon gamma

Question 13

combat parasites like intestinal worms

Answer 13

antibody immunity

th-2 (with Il-4 and Il-6)

Question 14

primary cytotoxic effector cells

Answer 14

macrophages and eosinophils

Question 15

antiparasitic immunoglobulin classes

Answer 15

IgM, IgG, IgE

Question 16

asymptomatic cyst passer, inflammatory pericolonic mass, and liver abscess

Answer 16

amebiasis

Question 17

most canadian infection acquired through consumption of water contaminated by animal feces

Answer 17

giardiasis

Question 18

4 species of plasmodia cause

Answer 18

malaria

Question 19

chloroquine resistance by

Answer 19

plasmodium flaciparum

Question 20

symptoms include hypoglycemia, cerebral malaria, hypotension, and renal failure

Answer 20

malaria

Question 21

walking barefoot in contamined soil

Answer 21

hookworm

Question 22

inhabit rectum, exit at night to lay eggs perianally, causing an itch

Answer 22

pinworm

Question 23

lower ileum and colon, ingestion of eggs, bloody diarrhea and rectal prolapse

Answer 23

whipworm

Question 24

acquired by eating undercooked freshwater or contaminated meat

Answer 24

tapeworm

Question 25

two ectoparasites

Answer 25

- scabies | - pediculosis

Question 26

the itch mite or "seven year itch", crowded areas, very contagious

Answer 26

scabies

Question 27

human lice, sucks on blood causing an itch, close contact

Answer 27

pediculosis

Question 28

two parasites that inhabit the oropharynx of humans

Answer 28

- entamoeba gingivalis | - trichomonas tenax

Question 29

permanent niche of e gingivalis

Answer 29

gingival pockets and tonsillar crypts

Question 30

- found in perio pts - depends on oral bacteria for nutrients - phagocytoses RBC in oropharynx - found in HIV patients

Answer 30

e gingivalis

Question 31

- natural hosts are man and monkeys - feeds on microorganisms - found in necrotic teeth and gums - sensitive to metronidaxole - many causes related to the lungs - found in perio pt

Answer 31

trichomonas tenax

Question 32

most helminthic infections are

Answer 32

not contagious

Question 33

what parasite could infect a dentist

Answer 33

pinworm

Question 34

how does pinworm infect a dentist

Answer 34

- could be injected | - cycle not broken by proper hand washing

Question 35

what blood borne parasites can be transmitted

Answer 35

malaria and trypanosomes

Question 36

most likely type of parasitic transmission to occur in dental practice

Answer 36

ectoparasites (scabies and lice)