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Parasitology Flashcards

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1
Q

Special organelles of flagellates

A

kinetoplast (Leishmania, Trypanosoma) glycosome

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2
Q

Flagellate locomotion

A

flagellum undulating membrane

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3
Q

Flagellate life cycles

A

may be intra or extracellular binary fission fecal-oral or venereal transmission

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4
Q

Special organelles of amoebas

A

pseudopods amoebostome

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5
Q

Amoeba locomotion

A

Pseudopods

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6
Q

Amoeba life cycles

A

direct, fecal oral transmission

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7
Q

Special organelles of coccidians

A

apical complex for host cell penetration rhoptry conoid microneme dense granules

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8
Q

Coccidian locomotion

A

actin-based gliding motility

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9
Q

Coccidian life cycle

A

3 phases; sporogony, excystation, endogenous development

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10
Q

Sporogony

A

development of the unsporulated noninfectious coccidain oocyst into the sporulated infectious oocyst

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11
Q

Excystation

A

occurs in the host; sporozoites are released from sporocysts

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12
Q

Endogenous development

A

sporozoites penetrate cells and undergo schizogony, form trophozoooites, which develop into schhizonts

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13
Q

Special organelles of ciliates

A

two different types of nucleu (nuclear dimorphism) - germ line defined by micronucleus cytostome

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14
Q

Ciliate locomotion

A

two types of cilia - somatic cilia (kineties) oral cilia for feeding

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15
Q

Ciliate life cycle

A

sexual reproduction by conjugation transverse fission fecal oral trans mission

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16
Q

Special organelles of microsporidia

A

polar tube anchoring disk polaroplast posterior vacuole

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17
Q

Microsporidian locomotion

A

nonmotile

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18
Q

Microsporidian life cycle

A

ingestion, inhalation of resistant spores uses polar tube to penetrate host cells, sporoplasm is extruded into the cell then divides to create meronts, divides, converts into sporonts, converts to sporoblasts, then to spores

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19
Q

Order Monogenea

A

primitive flukes of fish - Gyrodactylus and Dactylogyrus Direct life cycles <5 days Hermaphroditic

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20
Q

opisthaptor

A

bulbus, disc-shaped adhesive organ of Monogenea flukes

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21
Q

Order Digenea

A

Includes Schistosomes, Faschiolids, Paragonimus Indirect life cycle with mollusk intermediate host Asexual reproduction and hermaphroditic sexual reproduction phase in vertebrate host

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22
Q

strobila

A

body of a cestode (tapeworm)

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23
Q

scolex

A

anterior end of a cestode, anchoring organ

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24
Q

coracidium

A

free swimming larval form of cestode

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25
what is the first intermediate host of Psudophllidean cestodes?
Copepods
26
what is the second intermediate host of Pseudophyllidean cestodes?
vertebrate, various species
27
metacestode forms of cyclophyllidean cestodes
cysticeroid (invertebrate) cysticercus hydatid coenurus strobilolcercus
28
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Chyeletiella cuniculi Rabbit Direct Large, curved palpal claws
29
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Eimeria steidae Rabbit Prepatent period 14-18 days, patent period 21-37 days Oocysts in fecal smears or floats; characteristic hepatic changes
30
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Psoroptes cuniculi Rabbit Direct, 21 days jointed pedicels of the tarsal suckers
31
Genus species Host - Rabbit Life cycle Diagnosis
Passalurus ambiguus Rabbit Direct; prepatent period 56-64 days Eggs in feces; adults in colon or cecum
32
Rabbit brain tissue Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Encephalitozoon cuniculi Rabbit, rodents, carnivores, NHPs Ingestion of spores in urine; shedding up to 60 days Geimsa or Goodpasture's carbol fuschin stains; characteristic renal lesions
33
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Toxoplasma gondii rabbit, cat, guinea pig, other mammals cat is definitive host, others are aberrant hosts; infection through ingestion of sporulated oocysts in cat feces Wright-Geimsa stain
34
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Giardia lamblia Multiple host species Trophozooites and cysts on fecal smears or floats (Zn sulfate)
35
√ ## Footnote Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Spironucleus muris Mouse, rat, hamster Direct, ingestion of infectous cysts, colonozation of the crypts of Leiberkuhn Periodic acid-Schiff or silver stains; wet mount microscopy
36
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Isospora canis Dog, swine, cat, ferret Direct life cycle Organisms on fecal exam
37
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Ichthyophthirius multifilis fish Host and environmental life stages C-shaped macronucleus in the trophont
38
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Trypanosoma cruzii Macaque, human, squirrel monkey, dog reduviid bug intermediate host (6-15 days) Large terminal kinetoplast, narrow undulating membrane, long free flagellum
39
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Piscenoodinium pillulare (gold dust disease) fish Direct, 10-14 days oval, opaque nonmotile trophonts
40
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Plasmodium vivax (malaria) Macaque Indirect, Anopheles mosquito intermediate host Geimsa stain
41
Genus species Host - Zebrafish Life cycle Diagnosis
Pseudoloma neurophilia Zebrafish Horizontal and vertical transission; ingestion of infective spores in the inveronment Visualization of spores on wet mount and histopathology of CNS - gram-positive, acid-fast, Luna stain brick red.
42
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Aspiculuris tetraptera Mouse, rat, gerbils, hamster, other rodents Direct, prepatent period 23 days Adult worms in cecum and colon, eggs in float, longer embryonation time
43
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Aspiculuris tetraptera Mouse, rat, hamster, gerbil, other rodents Direct, prepatent period 23 days Eggs found in fecal float, adults in colon or cecum
44
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Syphacia obvelata Mouse, rat, gerbil, hamster, voles Direct, eggs deposited on perianal region, prepatent period 11-15 days Detection of eggs on perianal tape test, adults in intestine "Syphacia is speedy, sticky, and skinny"
45
Genus species Host - rat bladder Life cycle Diagnosis
Trichosomoides crassicauda Rat bladder worm Ingestion of embryonated eggs, prepatent period 55 days, more common in males adults in urinary bladder, eggs in urine (bioperculate - whipworm)
46
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Hymenolepis nana (dwarf tapeworm) Mouse, hamster, rat Direct (only known cestode), 14-16 days; Indirect transmission via flea intermediate host Eggs in feces, adults in small intestine (scolex bears hooks unlike Hymenolepsis diminuta)
47
Genus species Host - mouse Life cycle Diagnosis
Polyplax serrata (common mouse louse) Mouse Direct, 13 days Specific to mice
48
Genus species Host - rat Life cycle Diagnosis
Polyplax spinulosa Rat Direct, 26 days Rat specific
49
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Myobia musculi Mouse, rat, other murid rodents Direct, 23 days, non-burrowing Clasping first pair of legs, empodial claw on remaining 3 pairs of legs
50
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Mycoptes musculinus mouse, rat, guinea pig Direct, 14 days First two pairs of legs have abulacral suckers
51
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Radfordia affinis/ensifera Mouse/rat Direct, 23 days, non-burrowing Bulges between legs, grasping claws in first pair of legs affinis - paired, unequal tarsal claws on second pair of legs ensifera - paired, equal tarsal claws on second pair of legs
52
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Sarcoptes scabiei Dog, rabbbit, swine, ZOONOTIC Direct, 10-14 days, burrowing Intense pruritis
53
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Toxocara canis Dog Direct, may be transmitted in utero or by fecal-oral contact Eggs in feces, adults in intestinge, granulomatous lesions in tissues
54
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Toxocara canis Dog Direct, may be transmitted in utero or by fecal-oral contact Eggs in feces, adults in intestinge, granulomatous lesions in tissues
55
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Tricuris vulpis Dog Direct, prepatent period 90 days Bioperculate eggs, adults with long tails
56
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Tricuris vulpis Dog Direct, prepatent period 90 days Bioperculate eggs, adults with long tails
57
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Ancylostoma caninum (hookworm) Dog Direct, infection via ingestion or skin penetration subglobular buccal cavity with three well-developed teeth on each side; 2-8 cell stage egg
58
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Ancylostoma caninum (hookworm) Dog Direct, infection via ingestion or skin penetration subglobular buccal cavity with three well-developed teeth on each side; 2-8 cell stage egg
59
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Dirofilaria immitis Dog; cat, ferret aberrant hosts Indirect, mosquito intermediate host, prepatent period 6-8 months Adult in blood smear, antigen testing
60
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Dipylidium caninum Dog, cat Indirect, flea or louse intermediate hosts, 2-4 weeks for adults to mature Gravid proglottid or egg capsules in feces or perianal region
61
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Otodectes synotis Dog, cat, ferret, rabbit Direct, 18-28 days Ear cytology
62
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick) Dog, cat Indirect, may transmit Rickettsia spp, Francisella tularensis Short capitulum, presence of festoons
63
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) Dog, wild rodents, rabbits Indirect, may infest larger mammals; may transmit Rickettsia and Francisella tularensis Short capitulum, presence of festoons, yellow and brown scutum
64
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) Dog, rodent Rodent intermediate host; vector for Borellia burgdorferi, Ehrlichia canis, Babesia Long capitulum, lack of festoons, round scutum
65
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Ctenocephalides felis (cat flea) Multiple mammals species Indirect, only adults live on host, may transmit Dipylidium caninum Visualization of adults or digested blood on host
66
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis Vector for what disease?
Haematopinus suis Swine Direct, host specific visualization of adults on skin swine pox
67
Genus species Host - guinea pig Life cycle Diagnosis
Trixaxarus caviae Guinea pig Direct Dorsal anus vs. terminal anus in S. scabiei; simple dorsal setae (not spinous); many pointed scales vs. few, rounded scales in N. cati
68
Genus species Host - zebra fish Life cycle Diagnosis
Pseudocapillaria tomentosa Zebra fish Direct or via oligochete paratenic hosts Adults on wet mount, eggs have bi-polar plugs
69
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Gyrodactylus spp. Xenopus, fishes Direct, infection through contaminated water; obligate parasite Bilobed anterior tip; posterior attachement organ (haptor) with hooks
70
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Polystoma spp. amphibians adults in urinary bladder; 2 week incubation for eggs, 3 week maturation of ocomiracidium 6 pedunculated suckers
71
Genus species Hosts Life cycle Diagnosis
Pseudocapillaroides xenopi Xenopus Direct, eggs shed into environment, burrows into epidermis skin scraping wet mount - adults present, eggs with bi-polar plugs
72
Genus and species
Argulus japonicus
73
Genus and species
Chirodiscoides caviae
74
Gyropus ovalis guinea pig louse
75
Gliricola porcelli
76
Genus and Species
Ornithonyssis bacoti

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