Parasympathetic Agents Flashcards
(43 cards)
What Type of Nervous System is;
▪️Biosynthesis: Metyrosine
▪️Storage: Reserpine
RELEASE (Exocyte)
□ Stimulators: TEAM
□ Inhibitors: GGB
TERMINATION
□ Reuptake: RIs
□ Metabolism: MAOs, COMT Inh.
Sympathetic
What Type of Nervous System is;
▪️Biosynthesis: Hemicholium (rate-limiting step)
▪️Storage: Vesamicol
RELEASE (Exocyte)
□ Stimulators: alpha-latrotoxin
□ Inhibitors: Botolinum toxin
TERMINATION
□ Reuptake: N/A
□ Metabolism: AChaE Inh.
Parasympathetic
What type of cholinoceptors
▪️GIT
▪️Parietal cells
▪️(+) Proton Pump=HCl production
M1 (Muscarinic)
What type of cholinoceptors
▪️Heart (atria)
▪️↓ cAMP
▪️Bradycardia, Dromotropic
M2 (Muscarinic)
What type of cholinoceptors
▪️Organs & Glands
▪️Exocrine Glands: (Wetness) Salivation, Lacrimation, Sweating
▪️Smooth Muscles: Qontraction
• Eyes: Circular (pupils) & Ciliary=Contraction Miosis
• Bronchi: Bronchoconstriction
• GIT: Tae= Bowel Mvmt.
• Urinary Bladder: Ihi=Urination
M3 (Muscarinic)
What type of cholinoceptors
▪️Ganglion=Synaptic Neurotransmission
▪️Adrenal Medulla=Epi release
▪️Stimulation
Nn (neural)
What type of cholinoceptors
▪️Nueromuscular End Plates
▪️Skeletal Muscle: Contraction
Nm (muscular)
Parasympathomimetics Agonist
Drug use for Mgt. of Glaucoma (CDE)
Carbachol - (Direct Acting)
Demecarium - (Indirect Acting)
Echothiopate - (Indirect Acting)
Direct Acting Cholinergic Agonist (Parasympathomimetics)
Drug use for Mgt. of Atropine Toxicity
Neostigmine
Direct Acting Cholinergic Agonist (Parasympathomimetics)
Drug use for Mgt. of Non-Obstructive Ileus (reduced peristalsis)
Physostigmine, Pilocarpine
Direct Acting Cholinergic Agonist (Parasympathomimetics)
Drug use for Smoking Cessation
Varenicline
Nicotine
Direct Acting Cholinergic Agonist (Parasympathomimetics)
Drug use for Pulmonary Challenge Test
Methacholine (bronconstrictor)
DIRECT ACTING or INDIRECT ACTING
Agonists: Cholinomimetics
▪️bind to stimulate receptors (M,N)
▪️cholinoceptors activation (Drug)
Direct Acting
DIRECT ACTING or INDIRECT ACTING
Agonists: Cholinomimetics
▪️inhibit ACh metabolism =↑ ACh
▪️Aka: Anticholinesterases
Indirect Acting Cholinergic Agonist
What Drug are under;
Parasympathetic Direct Agonist
a. Choline Esters
• Non-Selective: M & N
Mnemonics: ABCM
Acetylcholine
Bethanechol - M Selective
Carbachol
Methacholine
Parasympathetic Direct Agonist
a. Choline Esters
▪️Mgt. of Urine Retention
Bethanechol (urecholine)
What Drug are under;
Parasympathetic Direct Agonist
a. Cholinergic Alkaloids
• Non-Selective: binds to M&N (A)
• M-Selective: (PM)
• N-Selective: (LVN)
• Non-Selective: Arecoline
• M-Selective: Pilocarpine, Muscarine
• N-Selective: Lobeline, Varenicline, Nicotine
Areca Catechu; betel nut, nga nga
Arecoline (Non-Selective)
Parasympathetic Direct Agonist
a. Cholinergic Alkaloids
▪️Mgt. of Glaucoma & GI Atony
Pilocarpine (M-Selective)
Parasympathetic Drug
Indirect Acting Cholinergic Agonist
▪︎ Classes
1. Reversible: (?)
2. Irreversible: (?)
3. CNS-acting: (?)
- Reversible: safer
- Irreversible: toxic
- CNS-acting: Anti-Alzheimer’s
What Classes belongs the ff. drugs?
[Reversible, Irrreversible, CNS-acting]
▪️Aminialcohol: Edrophonium (Tensilon)
▪️Carbamates: (-stigmine)
▪︎ Physostigmine
▪︎ Pyridostigmine
▪︎ Neostigmine
▪️Others:
▪︎ Ambenonium
▪︎ Demecarium
Reversible
What Classes belongs the ff. drugs?
[Reversible, Irrreversible, CNS-acting]
▪️Organophosphate
▪️Agricultural Poisons: Malathion, Parathion
▪️Nerve Gases: (Soman Tabun, Sarin)
▪️Echothiophate: medically useful
Irreversible (Long-Acting)
Parasympathetic (Indirect Acting Cholinergic Agonist)
- Diagnostic agent for Myasthenia Gravis
- Treatment for Myasthenia Gravis
- Dx: Edrophonium (Tensilon Test)
- Tx: Carbamates (Neostigmine, Pyridostigmine, Ambenonium)
Drugs for Alzheimer’s Disease (CNS -acting: ↑ ACh effects)
Mnemonics:
TAClesa at GALANTe si DONya RIVA
Tacrine
Galantamine
Donepezil
Rivastigmine
