part 1 Flashcards
(209 cards)
1
Q
Who stressed the need of upgrading and professionalizing the teaching of Rizal?
A
The Kapisanan Ng Mga Gurong Nagmamahal Kay Rizal (KAGUNARI)
2
Q
T or F: Rizal was a quiet, peaceful man who willfully and calmly walked to his death for his convictions.
A
T
3
Q
Guided by the belief from childhood that he would not reach the age of ____, Rizal decided to return home against all odds.
A
30
4
Q
When did Rizal died? and how old he was?
A
1896, 35 years old
5
Q
Nations cherish heroes and learn from their deeds. Sadly, in the Philippines, we know little of our national heroes, while there are activities honoring them. What was developed?
A
bland nationalism
6
Q
Bonifacio was a_____ while Rizal was ______
A
Revolutionist
Reformist
7
Q
who gave Rizal official recognition in order to win the sympathy of the Filipinos, and to convince them that they were pro-Filipinos.
A
Americans
8
Q
Reason why the Americans chose Rizal
A
make the filipnos conform to the new government
9
Q
Rizal acquired the official title of title of Philippine National Hero in ____
A
1901
10
Q
who was the first American Civil Governor?
A
William Howard Taft
11
Q
On the recommendation of ______, the Taft Commission renamed the district of ______into the Province of Rizal through Act ____
A
Trinidad Pardo de Tavera
Morong
137
12
Q
one of the first official steps taken by the Taft Commission to honor Rizal
A
renaming the district of Morong into the Province of Rizal
13
Q
Act. No. 345
A
set December 30 as Rizal Day
14
Q
granting the right to use public land upon the Luneta in the City of Manila upon which to erect a statue of Jose Rizal
A
Act No. 243
15
Q
Who established a commission that sought to create Philippine national hero
A
US Pres. William McKinley
16
Q
Which commission did US President McKinley establish in 1901 that sought to create Philippine national hero?
A
Taft Commission
17
Q
purpose of the commission
A
unite the philippines by showing a Filipino Model
18
Q
Members of the Commission composed of?
A
5 americans and 5 filipinos
19
Q
Members of the Commission
A
Taft
Shuster
Moses
Warcester
Ide
Pardo de Tavera
Araneta
Luzurriaga
Arellano
Legarda
20
Q
aspirants for Nasyo Bayani
A
del Pillar
Lopez Jaena
Rizal
Luna
Jacinto
21
Q
Criteria
A
Filipino
Dead
Ardent love for country
peace loving, compassionate, honored in public worship
22
Q
Author of the book Rizal without the Overcoat
A
Ambeth Ocampo
23
Q
In June 1892 Rizal wrote letter to whom? He is Portuguese friend in which he he wanted show by example that Filipinos knew how to die for principles
A
Dr. Lorenzo Marquez
24
Q
T/F: More important, Rizal addressed his countrymen, mostly “natives” or indios as “Filipinos”
A
T
25
T/F: Filipinos back then is reserved for Spaniards born in the Philippines
T
26
an anthropologist and a technical member of the said commission in the book “Rizal: Ang Bayani” by Crisanto Rivera there were four criteria used for choosing the national hero
DR. H.OTLEY BEYER
27
four criteria used for choosing the national hero:
Filipino
Dead
Ardent love for one’s country
A man honored after death by public worship/compassionate and peace lovingHero
28
T/F: Rizal was chosen because He was a towering figure in the Propaganda Campaign 1882-1896
T
29
contributed tremendously to the formation of Filipino Nationality:oHis book was praised and attacked by friends and enemies; by Filipinos and foreignersoThis book made him the most prominent in the Propaganda movement.
Noli Me Tangere
30
REASON THAT arouse feelings of nationhood and of love for country.
being a martyr of Bagumbayan
31
8 PROVINCES
CAVITE
LAGUNA
BATANGAS
MORONG
BATAAN
BULACAN
TARLAC
NUEVA ECIJA
32
YEAR AND PLACE WHERE RIZAL WAS unanimously elected as honorary president of La Solidaridad
1889, BARCELONA
33
WHAT HAPPENED IN 1891
unanimously chosen as “RESPONSABLE” (chief) of the Spanish-Filipino Association
34
WHEN AND WHERE DID HE founded Liga Filipina
July 3, 1892, Manila
35
______along with other exiles in Hong Kong held a commemorative program for Rizal
Emilio Aguinaldo 1897, DECEMBER 29
36
December 20, 1898, Malolos, Bulacan
President Aguinaldo declared Dec. 30 as “Rizal Day. He made a directive that all national flags shall be hoisted at half-mast from 12 noon on Dec. 29 and all offices of the government shall be closed the whole day on December 30 as a sign of mourning
37
edited by Antonio Luna published articles to honor and commemorate the death of Rizal.
“La Independencia” and “EL Heraldo de la Revolucion”,
38
Rizal monument at Luneta is imported from
EUROPE
39
RIZAL MONUMENT WAS CREATED BY A SWISS
HENRY KISSLING
40
a runner up in an international sponsored nationalists in 1912.
HENRY KISSLING
41
sees in him the model of the Filipinos
Fernando Acevedo
42
your moral influence over us is indisputable”.
Dr. Tomas Arejola -
43
“Rizal was the greatest product of the Philippines and that his coming to the world was like the appearance of a rare comet, whose rare brilliance appears only every other century; the most prominent man of his own people but the greatest man the Malayan race has produced”.
Ferdinand Blumentritt
44
the first among the Filipinos
Vicente Barrantes
45
Pearl of a man
ROST
46
Universal genius, Intellectual giant”, “Builder of the nation” “Father of Philippine Nationalism”
ROMERO
47
was one of Sen. Claro M. Recto’s major fight in the Senate
SB. 438
48
Chair of the Senate Committee on Education, that presented SB. 438
Sen. Jose P. Laurel
49
a nationalist is from Tanawan, Batangas. Besides being a senator, he was a former secretary of Interior Justice of the Supreme Court and President of the Japanese sponsored Philippine Republic.
Dr. Laure
50
Reason why SB 438 was bitterly opposed by some senators and by the Catholic Institution
requiring the teaching of Rizal in schools would be a violation of religious freedom.
51
An oppositionist who is the brother of Archbishop, then Cardinal Rosales
Senators Decoroso Rosales
52
wrote a pastoral letter against the bill.
Jesus Cavanna
53
Laurel sponsored a substitute measure - as a compromise the word “compulsory” was removed and was stated as …
an act to include in the curricula of all schools (public or private) courses on the life, works, and writings of Rizal.”
54
SB 438 WAS SIGNED INTO LAW BY, _____AS _______
President Ramon Magsaysay
RA 1425
55
WHO on August 16, 1956 enacted this law. RA 1425
National Commission on Education
56
WHO ordered the course of Rizal to be offered as a three-unit course and as a prerequisite for graduation
Secretary Carlos P. Romulo
57
T/F: The law authorizes the National Board Of Education to direct the translation of Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo including Rizal’s other popular edition.
T
58
T/F: the law also provides that while the teaching of Rizal as a subject is required, the doctrine of the separation church and the state is now disallowed.
F
59
THE EDUCATION SECRETARY THAT allowed schools much leeway in their implementation of the provisions of the law
Jose E. Romero
60
T/F: Some schools issued exceptions from the reading of Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo.
T
61
T/F: schools offered Rizal either as a three (3) unit course, one (1) unit or integrated with other subjects in college
T
62
ordered the integration of the Rizal course with appropriate subjects other than Spanish as practiced;
Education Secretary Alejandro Roces
63
AFTER HOW MANY YEARS OF THE PASSAGE OF RIZAL LAW DOES the three (3) unit course was ordered to be offered as a regular three unit course and a requisite for graduation as directed by then Education Secretary Carlos P. Romulo
13
64
mandates ORDER 247, PM, CHED ISSUANCE the immediate and full implementation of the Rizal law with sanctions against school for non-compliance’
Pres. Fidel v. Ramos
65
Commission On Higher Education (CHED) chairman ______ issued CHED ____, providing that the Rizal course as legislated and mandated course be offered as three-unit subject.
Angel c. Alcala
order no. 6
66
reiterates and specifies CHED ORDER No. 6, making Philippine history and Rizal as required three ( 3) unit courses.
CHED Memorandum order (CMO) No. 59
67
AN ACT TO INCLUDE IN THE CURRICULA OF ALL PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS, COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES COURSES ON THE LIFE, WORKS AND WRITINGS OF JOSE RIZAL, PARTICULARLY HIS NOVELS NOLI ME TANGERE AND EL FILIBUSTERISMO, AUTHORIZING THE PRINTING AND DISTRIBUTION THEREOF, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 1425
68
Courses on the life, works and writings of Jose Rizal, particularly his novel Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, shall be included in the curricula of all schools, colleges and universities, public or private: Provided, That in the collegiate courses, the original or unexpurgated editions of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo or their English translation shall be used as basic texts.
SECTION 1
69
The Board of National Education is hereby authorized and directed to adopt forthwith measures to implement and carry out the provisions of this Section, including the writing and printing of appropriate primers, readers and textbooks. The Board shall, within sixty (60) days from the effectivity of this Act, promulgate rules and regulations, including those of a disciplinary nature, to carry out and enforce the provisions of this Act. The Board shall promulgate rules and regulations providing for the exemption of students for reasons of religious belief stated in a sworn written statement, from the requirement of the provision contained in the second part of the first paragraph of this section; but not from taking the course provided for in the first part of said paragraph. Said rules and regulations shall take effect thirty (30) days after their publication in the Official Gazette.
SECTION 1
70
It shall be obligatory on all schools, colleges and universities to keep in their libraries an adequate number of copies of the original and unexpurgated editions of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, as well as of Rizal’s other works and biography.
SEC. 2
71
The said unexpurgated editions of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo or their translations in English as well as other writings of Rizal shall be included in the list of approved books for required reading in all public or private schools, colleges and universities.
SEC.2
72
The Board of National Education shall cause the translation of the Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo, as well as other writings of Jose Rizal into English, Tagalog and the principal Philippine dialects; cause them to be printed in cheap, popular editions; cause them to be distributed, free of charge, to persons desiring to read them, through the Purok organizations and Barrio Councils throughout the country.
SEC.3
73
Nothing in this Act shall be construed as amendment or repealing section nine hundred twenty-seven of the Administrative Code, prohibiting the discussion of religious doctrines by public school teachers and other person engaged in any public school.
SEC. 4
74
The sum of three hundred thousand pesos is hereby authorized to be appropriated out of any fund not otherwise appropriated in the National Treasury to carry out the purposes of this Act.
SEC. 5
75
This Act shall take effect upon its approval
SEC. 6
76
WHEN DID THE RA 1425 WAS APPROVED?
June 12, 1956
77
T/F: the early Filipinos had already developed their own unique culture, beliefs, practices and civilization.
T
78
Early Filipinos lived in a settlement called
barangay
79
barangay IS HEADED BY A CHIEFTAIN KNOWN AS
DATU
80
Represented an independent community.
BALANGAY OR BARANGAY
81
Datu of a certain barangay was aided by a__________in running the affairs of the barangay.
Council of elders
82
who promulgated laws IN THE PRE-SPANISH PERIOD
Datu and the village elders
83
aws, which were then announced and explained to the people by a town crier called the
umalohokan
84
They also paid tributes called
BUWIS
85
HIGHEST DIVISION OF CLASSES IN PRE-SPANISH
DATU AND HIS FAMILY
86
LOWEST DIVIDION OF CLASSES
SLAVES
87
represented the apex of pre-Spanish nobility in the Philippine Archipelago.
DATU
88
Before the early Filipinos were colonized by the Spaniards, there was already an existence of the so-called
STATE
89
Examples of these states were the existence of thE
Muslim Sultanates of Sulu and Maguindanao
Confederation of Madya-as
90
a pre-Hispanic Philippine state in the Visayas region established in the 13th century by the datus (chiefs), led by ____
Confederation of Madya-as
DATU PUTI
91
had fled from the tyranny of Rajah Makatunao of Borneo.
DATU PUTI
92
PRE-SPANISH JUDICIAL PROCESS WERE HELD IN ?
PUBLIC
93
Whenever a case cannot be readily decided upon the barangay court, they resorted
trial by ordeal.
94
was employed to determine guilt or innocence.
TRIAL BY ORDEAL
95
It was related to their belief of supernatural existence.
TBO
96
It was believed that God would intervene in the outcome if the accused was innocent or guilty.
TBO
97
This method required the suspects or accused to do something dangerous or even life-threatening. If the accused survived the ordeal, he or she is (usually) proclaimed
INNOCENT
98
HOW MANY ORDEALS WERE UTILIZED
3
99
three ordeals.
RIVER
BOILING WATER
CANDLE
100
ORDEAL IMPLICATION TODAY
IPINAPASA DIYOS
101
T/F: Pre-colonial Filipinos had already made contact with Chinese traders, Indians, Indonesians and even established trading and diplomatic relations with countries as far away as the Middle East.
T
102
system of writing of early Filipinos was of
Sanskrit origin.
103
is one best example of such talent in farming.
BANAUE RICE TERRACES
104
Aside from being farmers, hunters, weapon-makers, and seafarers, the pre-colonial Filipinos were also involved in such professions
mining, textiles, and smithing
105
They also excelled in____ that they locally-produced items such as pots, jewelry, and clothinG
craftsmanship
106
why our ancestors were easily subjugated by the Spaniards?
Some historians and Filipino writers would claim that the Spanish cleverly exploited the regionalist tendencies of the pre-colonial Filipinos.
107
befriending a particular barangay to fight another barangay) to control the islands during their entire reign.
DIVIDE-AND-CONQUER STRATEGY
108
In terms of marriage customs, parents usually
arranged marriage
109
was resorted to in case of marital troubles
DIVORCE
110
they occupied a high position in early Philippine society.
WOMEN
111
T/F: Women shared equal footing with men in early society.
T
112
T/F: In terms of sexual matters, sexual freedom was restricted.
F
113
one of the grounds for divorce was
not being sexually satisfied.
114
T/F: there was an existence of prostitution during the pre-colonial days.
F
115
It could be said that the pre-colonial Philippines was largely
MATRIARCHAL
116
was a very prestigious position in the pre-Spanish period and was often occupied by women.
BABAYLAN
117
The Babaylans were reduced to a mere “___”. IN THE SPANISH PERIOD
quack doctor
118
Spaniards into the minds of our ancestors that the epitome of being a woman was to act like
MARIA CLARA
119
T/F: More than a hundred languages and dialects exist in the Philippines during the pre-soanish
T
120
Some of the Tagalog words that are used today hava a
SANSKRIT ORIGIN
121
There was an evidence of the high level of pre-Hispanic culture like having a native literature as illustrated by the Ilocano’s ballad-epic narrating the life and bravery of
LAM-ANG
122
represents high aspects of a culture that was handed down from generation to the next in the form of poetry, ballads, songs, and dances that depict religious, festive, heroic, folk, seasonal, or about harvest, love, or war.
oral tradition
123
Pintados or painted people.
Filipinos from the Visayas Islands
124
Islas del Pintados
VISAYAS ISLANDS
125
were part of the body ornaments of pre-Hispanic Filipinos, men and women alike. These were also sported as war “medals.”
TATTOO
126
T/F: The more tattoos, the more impressive was a man’s war record.
T
127
T/F: On the part women. tattoo signified beauty.
T
128
syllabary made of seventeen symbols
BAYBAYIN OR ALIBATA
129
HOW MANY VOWELS
3
130
HOW MANY CONSONANTS
14
131
The theory of David Diringer states that the language derived from
Kavi or old Javanese
132
Fletcher Gardner suggests that the writings might be influenced
Indian priests who were knowledgeable about the Brahms scripts.
133
BAYBAYIN WAS REPLACED BY
ROMAN ALPHABETS
134
T/F: early Filipinos already believed in the immortality of the soul and in life after death.
T
135
a powerful tool employed by the Spaniards to control us for more than 300 years.
CATHOLICISM
136
they tend to worship idols IN TAGALOG, IN VISAYAN
ANITOS
DIWATA
137
a child greeted by a stranger will get sick)
USOG
138
The Spaniards allowed the Filipinos to go on with some of their beliefs, practices and rituals as long as they would also observe the Roman Catholics’ practices. The result was the blending of the early beliefs and practices of early Filipinos and that of the Roman Catholics which has led some foreign authors to describe them
'Pagano-Christians or Folk-Christianity/Folk-Catholicism.
139
was the first Muslim community in Mindanao
SULU
140
was the founder and the first sultan of the Sulu sultanate.
Hashim Abubakar
141
Abubakar belongs to a
sharif lineage
142
is a title of nobility
SHARIF
143
known in history as the center of Islamic learning in this country.
SULU
144
The full Islamization of the west coast of Mindanao was accelerated with the arrival of
Muhammad Sharif KabungsuwaN
145
a descendant of Nabi Muhammad (S.A.W.) _________established the Sultanate of Maguindanao somewhere in 1516.
Sharif Kabungsuwan
146
The Islamization of Southeast Asia was generally accomplished by ___through Muslim traders, missionaries, and teachers.
peaceful means
147
t/f: When the Spaniards arrived in the Philippines during the first half of the 16th century, many parts of Luzon, including the large native kingdoms of Manila and Tondo, had already been Islamized.
T
148
The Spaniards were a non-laboring class,
Filipino historian Onofre D. Corpuz:
149
The Philippine islands had caught the attention of Europeans with the Spanish expedition around the world led by Portuguese explorer
Ferdinand Magellan in 1521.
150
Magellan claimed the lands for Spain and named them ____in honor of King Philip II (for whom the island was named).
Islas de San Lazaro
151
After the voyage of Magellan, HOW MANY expeditions were sent:
4
152
four expeditions
Loaisa (1525),
Cabot (1526),
Saavedra (1527),
Villalobos (1542), and
Legazpi (1564)
153
gave the name Las Islas Filipinas (after Philip II of Spain).
Ruy López de Villalobos
154
WHAT expedition was the most successful.
LEGAZPI
155
became the country's first governor-general.
MIGUEL LOPEZ DE LEGAZPI
156
In 1565,MIGUEL LOPEZ DE LEGAZPI established the first permanent Spanish settlement in
CEBU
157
was founded in 1571
MNL
158
Muslims of Mindanao and Sulu, whom the Spanish called
MOROS
159
were never completely subdued by Spain(
MOROS
160
Became a major motivation for early Portuguese and Spanish expeditions of the east.
search for a new trade route and the desire for spices
161
ere very important that it could even buy land or be used as a dowry
SPICES
162
WHAT made the spices so important
FOOD PRESERVATION
163
was also one of the reasons OF EXPEDITION
SPREAD OF CATHOLICISM
164
It has been said that the conquest of the island was done through____
swords and the cross
165
Spaniards have obtained the support of local chiefs by giving gifts and exempting them from tributes and polo and even concluded a blood compact with native rules.
policy of attraction,
166
was carried upon where large numbers of Filipinos at one time enabled the initial conversion to Christianity.
Mass baptism
167
The converted natives became fanatic and began to follow blindly the dictates of the friars because of their value in the
salvation of the soul
168
To finalize their control over the natives, they built a
plaza complex” or “pueblo”
169
church bells
bajo de la campana).
170
Those who preferred to live within the vicinity of the pueblos were known as \
taong-loob
171
while those who refused were known as
taong-labas or remontados, cimarrones, ladrones, or tulisanes.
172
THE PUEBLO MAKING POLICY IS CALLED
reduccion or resettlement policy
173
became the center of all significant activities of the natives from birth to death
CHURCH AND PLAZA
174
The King of Spain governed the Philippines through the
Governor-general.
175
He was the king’s representative in all state and religious matters and as such he exercise extensive powers.
GOV-GEN
176
He held the executive, legislative and judicial powers
GOV-GEN
177
who ruled in the province,
ALCALDE MAYOR
178
who controlled the town
Gobernadorcillo
179
headed the barangay.
Cabeza de barangay
180
Philippine society was predominantly
feudalistic.
181
The social classification was based on
RACE
182
(Spaniards born in Spain)
Peninsulares
183
(Spaniards born the Philippines) or popularly known as Filipinos, Creoles,
Insulares
184
lowest strata were
Indios
185
The Philippines' State and Church were united when the pope granted the monarch of Spain
Patronato Real or Royal Patronage power
186
held executive functions of government on the local level
Augustinian, Dominican, and Franciscan
187
In reality, FRIARS were the ___ throughout the Spanish era.
"true conquistadors"
188
The Spanish priests or friars were seen as important instruments of what modern critics called a
friarocracy"
189
The Indios were also constantly reminded that they
had inferior intelligence and that they were fit for manual labor.
190
T/F: For almost three hundred years since the Spaniards settled in the Philippines, there was no systematic government supervision of schools
T
191
T/F: It was only in the late 19th century that Filipinos were only able to attend school.
T
192
the Spanish government decreed that a system of free public primary education be established in the Philippines.
1863
193
Wealthy locals or later known as educated Filipinos) who could afford to send their children to school.
ILLUSTRADOS
194
Their exposure to education fueled their nationalistic feelings and the realization that equality and freedom are
basic rights.
195
The system became a source of abuse and corruption because the encomendero was free to raise the tribute to be collected from the people.
encomienda system
196
Taken from the Spanish verb, which means to entrust or to assign responsibility to a person
encomendar
197
are the first haciendados or hacienderos in the Philippines controlling vast tracts of land
encomenderos
198
native Indios and mestizos from 16 years old to 60 years old were forced to work for 40 days every year.
polo y servicios
199
WHEN WAS THE labor was reduced to 15 days.
1884
200
Products of forced labor
churches, roads and other government buildings.
201
involved the forced selling of farmer’s products most especially tobacco, palay and coconut oil to the government.
BANDALA SYSTEM
202
piece of paper containing a promise to pay
promissory note
203
It has been reported that the government officials don't have any ____because they wouldn't pay the farmers in the end.
palabra de honor
204
The imposition of taxes or the collection of tribute was replaced by the yearly purchase of a
cedula personal.
205
was a mandatory identification card used in assessing tribute paid by the natives and in determining those who were subject to forced labor.
cedula personal.
206
It also served as a residence tax certificate and as a passport to restrict the movement of people.
cedula personal.
207
Those who could not present their cedula could be arrested and imprisoned by the
Guardia Civil.
208
The amount of cedula was based on the
race and position of the person
209
Bonifacio and the katipuneros tore their cedulas while shouting for Philippine independence.
Cry of Pugadlawin in 1896,
