Part 1

Question 1

Sympathetic stimulation of vascular smooth muscle, associated with trauma to that vessel, is associated with ___

Answer 1

vasoconstriction

Question 2

what statement concerning platelets is false

Answer 2

can divide

Question 3

the half-life of platelets is 8-12 days; most of the old platelets are removed ___

Answer 3

primarily by macrophage action in the spleen

Question 4

the major underlying cause of CV disease is ___

Answer 4

ischemia

Question 5

if you block thromboxane A2, what statement would be true

Answer 5

you will decrease platelet granule release

Question 6

prostacyclin released from the endothelial cell will block lately function by ___

Answer 6

stimulation of adenyl cyclase activity

Question 7

in extrinsic pathway of blood coagulation, factor 3, factor 7 and calcium with directly activate ___

Answer 7

factor X

Question 8

thrombin will ___

Answer 8

convert fibrinogen to fibrin

Question 9

prothrombin is synthesized by the ___

Answer 9

liver

Question 10

thrombin will activate ___ which causes more thrombin to be formed

Answer 10

factor V

Question 11

if calcium was chelated, the formation of activated factor XII would be ___

Answer 11

enhancing the action of antithrombin III

Question 12

a deficiency of platelets would ___ the ability of blood to coagulate

Answer 12

decrease

Question 13

___ will directly dissolve of liquefy a blood clot

Answer 13

plasmin

Question 14

which is an activator of plasminogen

Answer 14

streptokinase

Question 15

the syncytial nature of cardiac muscle is due to

Answer 15

intercalated discs

Question 16

compared to a typical cardiac muscle, purkinje fibers have

Answer 16

decreased actin and myosin

Question 17

how would tetradotoxin affect a typical cardiac muscle action potential

Answer 17

it would shorten the plateau

Question 18

how are the ventricles protected to some degree from supra ventricular arrhythmias

Answer 18

a longer refractory period of the typical ventricular cells

Question 19

during depolarization, what sequence of permeability changes is in a typical ventricular cell

Answer 19

sodium calcium permeability increasing, potassium permeability decreasing

Question 20

the stable resting polarized state in a typical cardiac muscle cell is due to

Answer 20

K at its Nernst equilibrium and an impermeable membrane to Na and Ca

Question 21

as heart rate increases, cycle length shortens, so

Answer 21

diastole shortens more than systole

Question 22

a cardiac cell with a conduction velocity of 4 M/sec would most likely be a

Answer 22

typical ventricular cell

Question 23

in CHF, a reduced ejection fraction may be associated with an increase in

Answer 23

SNS activity

Question 24

during isovolumic contraction, the mitral valve is ___ and the aortic valve is ___

Answer 24

closed; open

Question 25

when the papillary muscles in the walls of the ventricles contract and pull on the chordae tenineae

Answer 25

the AV valves are stabilized

Question 26

when considering the work output of the heart, most of the work in a normal heart is associated with

Answer 26

pressurization of the blood

Question 27

the principle energy source for cardiac contraction is

Answer 27

FAs

Question 28

increased stretch on the ventricular myocardium at the end of diastole will

Answer 28

increase calcium influx

Question 29

a rise in mean aortic blood pressure from 95 to 110 mmHg will

Answer 29

cause an increase in cardiac output

Question 30

cardiac output is regulated by

Answer 30

overall metabolic demand

Question 31

the SNS effect on cardiac cells is mediated by all except

Answer 31

alpha receptors

Question 32

increased activity of the left stellate ganglion will ___ the ventricular fibrillation

Answer 32

increase

Question 33

PSNS stimulation will ___ K permeability

Answer 33

increase

Question 34

in an intact heart at a normal resting HR, stretch of the right atrial wall will ___ SNS

Answer 34

increase

Question 35

if you block both divisions of the ANS, what would be true

Answer 35

HR will increase and strength of contraction will decrease

Question 36

in the SA nodal cells, the depolarization limb of the action potential is due to

Answer 36

slow CA/Na channels only

Question 37

if a wave of depolarization is moving towards the negative recording electrode

Answer 37

a positive deflection will be observed

Question 38

the AV nose functions to

Answer 38

delay the wave of depolarization from entry into the ventricles