Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

ESOL > Part 1 > Flashcards

Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Stages of 1st Language Acquisition

A

5 Stages- Babbling, One- Word (oneunit), Two Word, Telegraphic, AND Multiword

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Behaviorist Model

A

Skinner- Individuals learn language as response to stimuli. Correct responses to stimuli and reinforced so they are repeated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Nativist Model

A

Chomsky- UG- LAD-

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Vygotsky

A

Sociocultural Theory- learning begins with interpersonal communication then internalized as intrapersonal and ZPD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

BrofenBrenner

A

Ecological Model like 4 rings atom- Microsystem- immediate environment, Mesosystem interacts with microsystem, Exosystem general elements of environment, and Macrosystem cultural believes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Steven Pinker

A

communication increases survival also believes in LAD based off Chomsky

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Jim Cummins

A

developed CALP AND BICS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cognitive Model

Social Interactionist mODEL

A

-Developed by Piaget

CHILD learns to speak in the same manner as those who speak to him. Monkey see monkey do

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Piaget 4+3

A

Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Conrete Operations
Formal Operations

Assimilation phase
accommodation phase
equilibrium phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Stephen Krashen 5

A

5 theories?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Acquisition Learning Hypothesis Model- (two ways)

A

2 ways for proficiency-

Acquisition- which is subconscious
Learning- which is conscious study

acquisition is most important can still learn a language without direct learning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Input Hypothesis

A

information need to be given slightly above comfort level but hard to differentiate among kids.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Monitor Hypothesis

A

explain how learning grammatical rules effects acquisition.

as you learn grammar you monitor discourse you hear in the future and you polish your speech

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

affective filter

A

anxiety or low self esteem can raise this filter and make it hard to learn a language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

natural order hypothesis

A

acquisition of language follows predictable patterns but avoid patterns in favor of immersion and interactive performance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Sociocognitive approach

A

competence is being able to express yo self in different social contexts

social necessity is primary motivator to learn a language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

BICS

A

Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

CALP

A

able to listen speak read and write at content grade level

CUP?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Dialect

A

VERSION of language used by particular group of people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Register

A

form of language appropriate for a given situation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Development of phonics

A

Logographic-
analytic -some words sound alike boy toy
orthographic- large site vocab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

4 stages of spelling development

A

pre-phonetic- dont understand sounds = letters

phonetic
transitional -write messages
conventional- perfect spelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Phonology

A

the way a language sounds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

phonemes

A

the sets of sounds that go to a language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
morphology
system used to construct letters into words
26
morpheme
smallest unit of a morphological system......basically any sound that has a meaning....basically morphemes are words....but s can also be a morpheme boy is a morpheme and s is a morpheme boys is a complex morpheme
27
syntax
basic structure of sentences in a language......its not grammar. grammar is recommendations for proper syntax. Syntax the entire collection of proper grammar the whole system.
28
phonetics
study of sounds during human speech...these individual sounds are called phones...universal for all different languages every sound has a phone thats measurable.
29
semantics
semantics= meanings of words connotation-context, denotation- literal
30
pragmatics
system you use a language in different social interactions. basically how many different ways can you interpret Will you go out with me?
31
phonemic awareness
Understanding that words are made up of individual sounds and different phonemes bat vs fat /b/ vs /f/
32
phonics
directed relationship between letters and sounds......the written shyt
33
2 types written Phonemes vs Graphemes
phonemes are always represented with the same signal and have there own alphabet graphemes have there own alphabet...think the graphemes as the common alphabet or as an illustrative series
34
Consonants vs Vowels
consonants block air | vowels vibrate air
35
Consonant blends
combo of two constants sl dr
36
diphthongs
combo of two vowels boil oy u
37
digraphs
combo of two letters that sound different then their native sounds ch th sh
38
onsets & rimes
sound that initiates a syllable-onset vowel and constants afterwards-rime onset s -rime-ag sag onset b rime-ag bag
39
beginning, end, and medial phonemes
where phonemes are placed in a word
40
6 skills to graduate phonemic awareness and hardest one
sound matching, isolation, blending, substitution, deletion, and segmentation segmentation is the hardest.
41
Microprocesses
basic reading functions- grouping words and ideas into units of meaning on the sentence level
42
Macroprocesses
putting together all the small chunks of reading into a big idea.
43
Integrative processes
recognizing pronoun substitutions and recognize conjunctions ....know how to do sentence clauses
44
Elaborative processes
knowing the authors intent.....tought for esl kids because you have to connect personally to culture of writing....Abraham Lincoln
45
Metacognitive Processes
Self Critiquing your comprehension | relate it to your own life
46
William Labov and Joshua Fishman
dudes that popularized dialects
47
Dell Hymes and Basil Bernstein
speaking mnemonic- hymes | bernstien- distinguishing restricted code vs elaborative
48
Sheltered English Approach
all teaching should be based on comprehensible input and background knowledge
49
Comprehensible Input
you know this by now
50
Sheltered Instruction vs ESL
sheltered instruction- focus is on mastery of content esl - focus is on mastery of language
51
Submersion Programs
sink or swim...throw a esl kid into a class with all english speaking naturals
52
Transitional ESL education
receive content instruction in 1st and 2nd languages teacher should gradually raise English use in classroom students first taught in first language aligns nicely with Krashens Input Hypothesis because we are gradualy rasing the level of difficulty
53
Primary Language Instruction
so students dont fall far behind grade level during process of english instruction
54
English Language Development
doing a summative assessment, making different graduations for profiency levels, and having lots of ungraded stuff teachers should be fluent in both languages well versed in teaching all content areas
55
Dual immersion programs
esl kids with different first languages grouped and try and learn english as well as each others tounges
56
SDAIE
Specifically, designed, academic, instruction, in english.....students doing this program have to reach intermediate levels of english students given all course work in both of their languages teacher needs to be fluent in both languages
57
4 Orientations for teaching ESL
structural linguistic- comparing your 2 languages cognitive- objectives on the generalization of rules in english affective/motivational-increasing identification with native speakers to decrease anxiety functional/communicative- selecting structures on the basis of needing to communicate
58
Audiolingual Method
barf repetition, overlearn it, memorization,
59
Top down vs Bottom Up
learn the overal meaning without concerning on the small pieces yet learn the small pieces first before you go into the main idea
60
Communicative Strategy
need to create meaningful communication create positive environment to lower the affective filters of students use graphs and displays too
61
Total Physical Response Approach
giving commands to convey language teacher gives command then demonstrates and example of the command then teacher does it with kids then teacher gives command and kids does it then teacher gives command and one kid does it then students give each other or teacher the command for kinesthetic learners
62
Grammar-translation approach
lessons taught in primary language of students then given text in english goal is to translate the language into english focus is not the content but the grammar rules in english
63
Direct approach
lessons begin with dialogue in English students are given the translation of conversation for grammar purposes but when kids are given literature they do so for content not grammar cant be given literature till mastery of cognitive academic language
64
Community Language Learning approach
lower the affective filter of student first ``` 5 steps 1st student dependent on teacher 2 student has contact with students 3 student speaks with english students 4 student speaks freely 5 student refines his speaking skills ``` did this really need 5 fing steps?
65
Reading approach
for the student who will not be living in an english speaking community goals improve reading and understand current events and historical knowledge of english speaking countries who cares about pronunciation and conversation just read it lots of emphasis on vocabulary for fluency
66
Functional-notional approach
divide language into units based on social context
67
Categories of discourse
5 categories personal, impersonal, directive, referential, and imaginative
68
Listening for comprehension
5 kinds of listening- appreciative, comprehensive, therapeutic, discriminative, and critical
69
4 chicks- marie, sharon, priscilla, and marilyn
all helpful to the reading recovery movement cilla worked with dyslexic readers
70
Detached Intentional Listening
listening to someone before relating it to yourself
71
RRA technique
style of active listening.....Review, Relate, and Anticipate
72
Spoken Message
when listening look for the main ideas, organization, and supporting evidence
73
Listener assessment
analyzing the audience of the people who are listening....why is this person giving this speech...does the crowd like it?
74
listener analysis
ideas, organization, and support
75
critical listening
what are the problems with this speech
76
discriminative listening
things that are implied when someone is speaking....oh yeah i listened it looked like dude was in a rush to get out of here just watch his body language
77
speech topic
what is the main reason for this speech ..is this person disorganized that is giving the speech
78
faulty attribution of causation
just assuming there is one cause....there could be multiple ones
79
circular reasoning
claims a speaker makes depend on his support
80
contradictory argument
a speaker introduces information that does not agree with his main idea.
81
social context
knowing your audience
82
communication rules
knowing the rules the audience is bound by....people listening to Kim Jong in North Korea arent going to speak out are they?

ESOL (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions