Part 3

Question 1

a huge sphere of very hot glowing gas

Answer 1

star

Question 2

stars that are grouped together

Answer 2

constellations

Question 3

the most seen constellation

Answer 3

the big dipper

Question 4

how are stars classified?

Answer 4

temperature and brightness (luminosity)

Question 5

blue or white stars

Answer 5

hot stars

Question 6

red or orange

Answer 6

cool stars

Question 7

the diagram used to classify the temperature and luminosity of the stars

Answer 7

Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram

Question 8

Sun’s Classification

Answer 8

Spectral Class: G
Color: Yellow
Another example: Capella

Question 9

stage 1

Answer 9

nebula

Question 10

a cloud of dust and gas

Answer 10

nebula

Question 11

when the gas and dust contracts under gravity, a PROTOSTAR is born

Answer 11

nebula

Question 12

stage 2

Answer 12

main sequence

Question 13

stage 2a

Answer 13

average star

Question 14

star reaches equilibrium (stable)

Answer 14

average star

Question 15

can last up to 10 billion years

Answer 15

average star

Question 16

stage 2b

Answer 16

massive star

Question 17

can las less than 1 million years

Answer 17

massive star

Question 18

stage 3a

Answer 18

red giant

Question 19

hydrogen in core is used up (depleted)

core shrinks and heats up

heat -> outer layers -> expand

expanding -> cool

Answer 19

red giant

Question 20

stage 3b

Answer 20

red supergiant

Question 21

hotter, larger and more orange

Answer 21

red supergiant

Question 22

stage 4a

Answer 22

planetary nebula

Question 23

all helium -> carbon

core collapses

outer layers -> space

Answer 23

planetary nebula

Question 24

stage 4b

Answer 24

supernova

Question 25

all helium -> iron core collapses VIOLENTLY outer portion EXPLODES

Answer 25

supernova

Question 26

stage 5a

Answer 26

white dwarf

Question 27

core contracts more layers -> space leaves behind only a hot dense core (earth size)

Answer 27

white dwarf

Question 28

stage 5b

Answer 28

neutron star

Question 29

2x more mas than sun core -> 20 km only neutrons super dense *1 tsp = 100 M tons

Answer 29

neutron star

Question 30

stage 6a

Answer 30

black dwarf

Question 31

a non radiating ball of gas where fusion has ceased

Answer 31

black dwarf

Question 32

stage 6b

Answer 32

black hole

Question 33

3x more mass than sun core collases -> no volume strong gravity -> light cant excape

Answer 33

black hole