Part 4a

Question 1

(NEO) near-earth objects

Answer 1

1. comets

2. asteroids

Question 2

icy bodies

Answer 2

comets

Question 3

rocky fragments

Answer 3

asteroids

Question 4

remnants from the formation of the solar sytem 4.6 billion yrs ago

Answer 4

1. comets

2. asteroids

Question 5

comet’s origin

Answer 5

Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud

Question 6

comet’s shape

Answer 6

varied/irregular

Question 7

comet’s size

Answer 7

1-10km (nucleus only)

Question 8

comet’s chemical composition

Answer 8

1. ice
2. frozen gases (ammonia, methane, carbon dioxide)
3. carbons

Question 9

comet’s orbit

Answer 9

highly elliptical

Question 10

comet’s orbital period (years)

Answer 10

75 to 100,000 ++

Question 11

asteroid’s origin

Answer 11

Main Asteroid Belt

Question 12

asteroid’s shape

Answer 12

varied/irregular

Question 13

asteroid’s size

Answer 13

1-100km ++

Question 14

asteroid’s chem. composition

Answer 14

1. silicates (olivine and pyroxene)
2. iron
3. nickel

Question 15

asteroid’s orbit

Answer 15

more rounded

Question 16

asteroid’s orbital period (years)

Answer 16

1-100

Question 17

both reflect light from the sun

Answer 17

comets and asteroids

Question 18

minerals which contain the elements SILICON, OXYGEN and at least ONE METAL (reason of light reflected on C & A’s)

Answer 18

silicates

Question 19

both orbit the sun

Answer 19

comets and asteroids

Question 20

beyond the solar system

Answer 20

Oort Cloud

Question 21

beyond Neptune’s orbit

Answer 21

Kuiper Belt

Question 22

comets from the oort cloud

Answer 22

long period comets

Question 23

comets from the kuiper belt

Answer 23

short period comets

Question 24

the most famous comet of the 20th century

Answer 24

Halley’s Comet

Question 25

known for short period comet

Answer 25

Halley's Comet

Question 26

how many years does it take for Halley's Comet to orbit the sun

Answer 26

75-79 years

Question 27

between Mars and Jupiter

Answer 27

Main Asteroid Belt

Question 28

theorized by scientists to be remnants of a planet that did not completely form

Answer 28

Asteroids (Asteroid Belt)

Question 29

the largst asteroid that was discovered in 1801

Answer 29

Ceres

Question 30

who discovered the largest asteroid?

Answer 30

Guiseppe Piazzi

Question 31

made up of rocks, ice, carbon silica, metals

Answer 31

asteroids

Question 32

also called minor planets or planetoids

Answer 32

asteroids

Question 33

come from regions of space very far from the heat and radiation of the sun

Answer 33

Comets

Question 34

made up of frozen matter

Answer 34

comets

Question 35

comets' two tails

Answer 35

1. ion tail | 2. dust tail

Question 36

part of comet: a halo of evaporated gas and dust that surrounds the nucleus

Answer 36

coma

Question 37

it is formed as the comets warms up

Answer 37

coma

Question 38

head of a comet

Answer 38

1. coma | 2. nucleus

Question 39

the main solid part of a comet, composed of a rock

Answer 39

nucleus

Question 40

this tail always faces away from the sun

Answer 40

dust tail

Question 41

this tail is made up of small dust particles that have evaporated from the nucleus and are pushed away from the comet by the pressure of sunlight

Answer 41

dust tail

Question 42

this tail reflects sunlight, often curved

Answer 42

dust tail

Question 43

also called plasma or gas tail

Answer 43

ion tail

Question 44

this tail is made up of electrically charged gas molecules

Answer 44

ion tail

Question 45

usually dark and invisble

Answer 45

comets

Question 46

comets becomes visible when?

Answer 46

when tails are formed