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Phys III Exam 3 > Part VI > Flashcards

Part VI Flashcards

(44 cards)

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1
Q

A decreased V/P ratio results in what?

A

increase in physiologic shunt blood

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2
Q

What is physiologic shunt blood?

A

blood that doesn’t pick up oxygen when it goes through the lungs

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3
Q

An increased V/P ratio results in what?

A

increase in physiologic dead space

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4
Q

What is physiologic dead space?

A

area in the lungs where oxygenation is not taking place

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5
Q

What is VO2 max?

A

the max oxygen that can be absorbed from the lung and delivered to the tissue per minute

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6
Q

What is the best measure of cardiovascular fitness?

A

VO2 max

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7
Q

VO2 max is limited by what?

A

cardiac output, not pulmonary ventilation

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8
Q

During exercise, what improves as stroke volume increases?

A

VO2 max

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9
Q

Does heart rate stay constant as stroke volume increases?

A

yes

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10
Q

What are the VO2 maxes for cardiac patients, sedentary person, endurance athlete?

A
  1. 5 L/min
  2. 0 L/min
  3. 0 L/min
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11
Q

How much oxygen is carried from the lung to the tissue?

A

5mL/dL

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12
Q

How much oxygen is dissolved into the tissue

A

3%

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13
Q

How much oxygen is bound to hemoglobin?

A

97%

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14
Q

How much carbon dioxide goes from tissue to lungs?

A

4mL/dL

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15
Q

How much carbon dioxide is dissolved?

A

7%

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16
Q

How much carbon dioxide is bound to hemoglobin?

A

23%

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17
Q

How much carbon dioxide is made into bicarbonate acid?

A

70%

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18
Q

How much carbon dioxide can be used to make metabolic water?

19
Q

What is the pH of arterial blood?

20
Q

What is the pH of venous blood?

21
Q

What makes venous blood more acidic?

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A

bicarbonate, phosphate and protein buffers

22
Q

In exercise, venous blood can drop to what pH?

23
Q

When oxygen is in the cells, How much is turned into CO2 and how much of it is converted to water?

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A

80% CO2

20% water

24
Q

What is utilized for energy that increases the metabolic water up to 30%?

25
If only ___ are used for energy, then no metabolic water is generated from oxygen. What is it converted to?
CHO, CO2
26
70% of carbon dioxide is carried in the form of what?
bicarbonate ion
27
What catalyzes the reaction of water and CO2 in RBCs?
carbonic anhydrase
28
As HCO3 leaves the RBC, it is replaced by what?
Cl-
29
What does the RBC do when carbon dioxide is bound to hemoglobin?
it reacts with amine radicals of hemoglobin and other plasma proteins
30
How much CO2 is dissolved ?
7%
31
As PO2 decreases, hemoglobin does what?
releases more oxygen
32
If PO2 is at 95mmHg in the arteries, what kind of saturation does hemoglobin have?
97%
33
If PO2 is at 40 mmHg in the veins, what kind of saturation does hemoglobin have?
70%
34
A shift to the right in the oxy-hemoglobin curve promotes what? Why?
dissociation because there is an increase in temperature, CO2, decrase in pH and increase in 2,3 diphosphoglycerate (2,3 DPG)
35
Where is a shift to the right on the oxy-hemoglobin curve promoted?
tissues
36
A shift to the left in the oxy-hemoglobin curve promotes what and where?
association, promoted in lungs
37
What does carbon monoxide do?
competes with oxygen for binding sites on hemoglobin
38
What affinity does carbon momoxide have for hemoglobin?
250x that of oxygen
39
small partial pressures of carbon monoxide will saturate how much hemoglobin, and can decrease oxygen carrying cappacity of hemoglobin by how much?
97% of the hemoglobin, decreases oxygen carrying capacity by 50%
40
How much CO can be lethal?
1%
41
How is CO poisoning treated?
95% oxygen and 5% CO2 to rapidly displace CO
42
What happens when you treat CO poisoning?
there is an increase in ventilation because of more CO2
43
A small amount of what is produced by the body?
CO
44
What is the function of carbon monoxide in the body?
signaling molecule in nervous system, vasodilator, important role in immune, respiratory, GI, kidney and liver systems

Phys III Exam 3 (10 decks)

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