Particle model of matter Flashcards
Equation for density
Density = mass/volume
What is internal energy
The total energy that an object has in its kinetic & potential energy stores
How can heating change an object’s internal energy
Energy is gained in the kinetic energy store as particles move faster, leading to a change in temperature/state
What happens to mass in a change of state
Mass is conserved
What is energy used for in melting/ evaporating
- Breaking intermolecular bonds
- Increasing internal energy by heating
What is energy used for in condensing/ freezing
- Bonds are forming
- This releases energy, decreasing internal energy
What is specific latent heat
Energy needed to change 1kg of a substance into one state to another without changing temperature
What is specific latent heat of fusion
Melting or freezing
What is specific latent heat of vaporisation
Evaporating or condensing
Equation for specific latent heat?
Energy = mass x specific latent heat
Relationship between temperature and energy in a gas
Higher the temperature, higher the average energy
What is gas pressure
Total force exerted by all particles in the gas on a unit area of a container’s walls
How does temperature impact gas pressure
Higher temperature = faster particles = more collisions = higher pressure
How does volume impact gas pressure
Increased volume means more spread out particles, meaning less collisions, meaning less pressure
Relationship between pressure and volume
Inversely proportional
