Past Exams

Question 1

True or False:
The worlds oldest nuclear genome was recently sequenced from a 700,000 year old horse.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

True or False:
Domestication changes animal populations at the genetic level.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

True or False:
During RNA splicing exons are removed from the mRNA transcript.

Answer 3

False introns are removed

Question 4

True or False:
The redundancy of the genetic code refers to the fact hat although there are over three billion nucleotides it is the same four letters (A,G,T,C) that repeat themselves.

Answer 4

False it is when more than one codon codes for a singular amino acid

Question 5

True or False:
The largest constriction site of the chromosome is called the telomere.

Answer 5

False it is the centromere

Question 6

True or False:
Chromosomes are stained for karyotype analysis during metaphase.

Answer 6

True

Question 7

True or False:
Meiosis occurs in somatic cells whereas mitosis only occurs in sex cells.

Answer 7

False opposite

Question 8

True or False:
Although polyploidy occurs in some animals (salmon, salamanders), it is not viable in mammals.

Answer 8

True

Question 9

True or False:
The probability of chromosome nondisjunction increases with age.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

True or False:
In general, sex chromosome nondisjunction are less frequent and have a more severe effect on viability than autosomal nondisjunction.

Answer 10

False

Question 11

This class is primarily about the genetics of _____________.

Answer 11

domestic species

Question 12

The function of breed stock is to provide ______________.

Answer 12

genetic material

Question 13

Selection is a process that determines all of the following except:

a. which individuals become parents
b. the precise weaning weight of the offspring
c. how long the parents remain in the breeding population
d. how many offspring the parents may produce

Answer 13

b. the precise weaning weight of the offspring

Question 14

The haploid nuclear DNA content if referred to as the __________ and is measured in ______________.

Answer 14

• C value
  -picograms

Question 15

All of the following steps are integral to whole-genome shotgun and sequence by synthesis except ___________ which is unique to WGS.

Answer 15

fragments are cloned into e.coli and mapped

Question 16

What stamens best describes the c value paradox?

Answer 16

genome size doesn’t correlate with the number of functional genes

Question 17

The most phenotypically diverse mammalian species on the planet is _________.

Answer 17

dog

Question 18

This type of selection favors individuals expressing the extreme phenotype…

Answer 18

direction selection

Question 19

Animals in the farm fox experiments were selected of a single trait _____________.

Answer 19

friendliness

Question 20

The DNA template sequence reads CGATCCAGT what does the transcription read?

Answer 20

GCUAGGUCA

Question 21

Which type of RNA consists of codons that will be translated into amino acids?

Answer 21

mRNA

Question 22

The presence of a stop codon means that….

Answer 22

the RNA sequence will no longer be translated

Question 23

Organism with two sets of chromosomes in nucleated cells are said to be __________.

Answer 23

diploid

Question 24

DNA is replicated doubling the chromosomes during what phase of the cell cycle?

Answer 24

interphase

Question 25

When the centromere is close to the tip but not at the tip what chromosome type is it?

Answer 25

acrocentric

Question 26

Genetic recombination of sister chromatids occurs during what phase of the cell cycle?

Answer 26

meiosis

Question 27

The genotype for turner syndrome in mares is ________, and is an example of ___________.

Answer 27

XO, monosomy

Question 28

The tobiano spotting pattern in horses is caused by ___________.

Answer 28

inversion

Question 29

An observable or measurable characteristic of an individual

Answer 29

trait

Question 30

the synthesis of an amino acid chain form an RNA template

Answer 30

translation

Question 31

study of heredity and variation in living organism

Answer 31

genetics

Question 32

synthesis of RNA form a DNA template

Answer 32

transcription

Question 33

a group of inter mating individuals

Answer 33

population

Question 34

a chart arranging the chromosome by size and centromere position

Answer 34

karyotype

Question 35

an observed category or measured level of performance for a trait

Answer 35

phenotype

Question 36

defined by the allies that an individual inherits

Answer 36

genotype

Question 37

part of a single chromosome is present twice

Answer 37

duplication

Question 38

general term for having extra or missing chromosome within a set

Answer 38

aneuploidy

Question 39

part of a single chromosome is missing

Answer 39

deletion

Question 40

a segment of a single chromosome is reversed

Answer 40

inversion

Question 41

two separate chromosome arms exchange in part of entirely

Answer 41

translocation

Question 42

the specific term for missing a single chromosome within a set

Answer 42

monosomy

Question 43

the specific term for containing an extra chromosome in a set

Answer 43

trisomy

Question 44

General term for having a complete set of extra chromosome

Answer 44

polyploidy

Question 45

P=G+E

Answer 45

phenotype is affected by genetics and the environment