Past Question 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Which diagnostic methods are used to detect the presence of trypanosomes in dried blood smears?
A
Giemsa staining.
2
Q
what is found in giardiasis?
Trypomastigotes, Promastigotes, Oocytes
A
Others.
3
Q
What is the main difference for detection of intestinal Trichomonas/ Giardia infection?
A
Giardia turn to cyst, Trichomonas ø.
4
Q
What is an adequate method to detect Giardia cysts in fresh feces?
A
Flotation.
5
Q
Which forms of Trichomonas can be found in outer environment?
( Cyst, Flagellated, Ameboid).
A
ø any forms.
6
Q
Which is the non- cyclic Trypanosoma sp. among the next ones?
A
T. evansi.
7
Q
Which morphological form of Leishmania can be found in vertebrate?
A
Amastigote.
8
Q
What are the morphs of Leishmanias that appear in macrophages?
A
Amastigotes.
9
Q
Which sp. are susceptible for the disease of “ mal de caderas”?
A
Eq + Donkey.
10
Q
What is Trypanosoma that infects host without vectors?
A
T. equiperdum.
11
Q
How many flagellums does a Giardia trophozoite have?
A
8.
12
Q
Which method of staining can be applied to detect Histomonas in tissues?
A
PAS.
13
Q
Which has the largest among the causative agents of Nagana?
A
T. brucei brucei.
14
Q
What is the most frequent cause of death in Nagana?
A
Heart failure.
15
Q
Which sp. does the causative agent of dourine belong to?
A
T. equiperdum.
16
Q
Name of parasite found in closely related sp.
A
Stenoxenous.
17
Q
Which has cutaneous + visceral forms?
A
Leishmaniasis.
18
Q
Animal obligatory for the completion of life cycle?
A
Definitive host.
19
Q
Parasite of cycle involves 1 sp.
A
Monoxenous.
20
Q
Which does ø cause nagana?
A
T. equiperdum.
21
Q
Which cysts can be found in faeces of animal?
A
Giardiasis.
22
Q
Which is monomorphic?
A
T. vivax.
23
Q
How do the clinical signs of Dourine follow each other?
A
Genital, skin, n.
24
Q
Which host is ø needed to complete life cycle?
A
Paratenic host.
25
Which animal sp. have general form of histomonosis?
Guinea fowl.
26
What is the name of Trichomoniasis sp. found in cattle?
Tritrichomonas foetus.
27
Parasite can only be established in 1 host:
Stenoxenous.
28
Which is ø zoonotic?
Histomonosis.
29
Flagellate form can be found in caecal lumen?
Histomonosis.
30
In which faecal sample can you find cysts?
Giardiasis.
31
What can you find in the blood smear of Dourine?
Trypomastigotes.
32
Which of these parasites can infect more than 1 host?
Euryxenous.
33
Which sp. is found in old/ new world America?
T. vivax.
34
What is the vector of Leishamaniasis?
Sandfly.
35
What is the vector of Nagana?
Tsetse fly.
36
What is the number of nuclei in infected cysts, of entamoebosis?
4.
37
What can be detected in Leishmaniasis?
Amastigotes.
38
Which form of Histomonas is found in caecum?
Flagellate.
39
Which Trypanosoma needs a mechanical vector?
T. evansi.
40
Which parasite sp. causes Black head?
Histomonas meleagridis.
41
Which is the clinical form of Leishmaniasis in dogs?
Cutaneous form.
42
How do you detect Leishmaniasis?
Smear with Giemsa staining, detection of Amastigotes.
43
Which test can you use to detect Dourine?
Complement fixation test x2 with 3- week interval.
44
Cellular organelle of Leishmaniasis consists of?
Nucleus, Kinetoplast, Axoneme, or basal body.
45
Which sp. is 1ºly affected by Histomonas meleagridis?
3- 12 week old Turkeys.
46
Which parasites are pleomorphic?
T. brucei, Histomonas meleagridis.
47
What can we detect in Giardiasis?
- Trophozoites ( vegetative form) in faecal smear.
| - Cysts ( infectious form) in faecal smear.
48
Which cells carry Leishmaniasis?
Macrophages.
49
Which Trypanosome is ø involved in Nagana?
T. cruzei, T. evansi.
50
Which cellular organelle is present in Trypanosoma?
Kinetoplast.
51
Which parasite release cysts into faeces of animals?
Giardia duodenalis.
52
What is the mechanical vector of Nagana?
Stomoxys + Tabanu.
53
Where does merozoite develop?
Inside Schizont.
54
How many cells can be infected by a merozoite of Eimera?
1.
55
How many gamonts can develop from 1 Schizont?
Many.
56
How many epithelial cells can be infected by content of 1 Schizont of Eimera?
Many.
57
How can we recognise chicken coccidia by sp. in the simplest way?
Based on necropsy findings.
58
In order to identify the sp. of a sporulated oocyte, what of the following is needed?
Size of oocyte.
59
What does the unsporulated oocyst contain?
Zygote.
60
What does the sporulated oocysts contain?
Sporocysts.
61
Where does the sporozoite develop?
In the oocyst.
62
Where does the sporogony of Eimera maxima take place?
In outer environment.
63
Which animal sp. can be infected by Eimera acervulina?
Chickens.
64
Where does the sporogony of Eimera acervulina take place?
In outer environment.
65
Where do Eimera acervulina gamonts develop?
Duodenum + Jejunum.
66
What can we observe on surface of mucosa in case of E. necatrix infection?
Unclotted blood.
67
Where does the sporogony of Eimera brunetti takes place?
In outer environment.
68
Where do Eimera brunetti schizonts develop?
Lower part of intestine.
69
Where do the Eimera tenella schizonts develop?
Caecum.
70
Which symptom does ø appear in case of renal coccidiosis?
Bloody faeces.
71
Where is the E. Truncata 1ºly located?
Renal tubules.
72
E. labbeanna occurs in?
Pigeon small intestine.
73
What does the sporulated oocyst of coccidiosis contain?
4 sporocysts + 2 sporozoites.
74
How many epithelial cells can become infected by 1 E. oocyst at the beginning of infection?
8 cells.
75
How many epithelial cells can be infected by the content of 1 E. sporocyst?
2.
76
How many macrogametes can develop from 1 macrogamont?
1.
77
The correct order in life cycle of E.?
Sporongy, Schizogeny, Gametogony, Sporogony.
78
Which sp. of E. are haemorrhagic?
E. Tenella, E. Necatrix, E. Brunetti.
79
Which sp. of E. are ø haemorrhagic?
E.maxima, E. acervulina, E. mitis, E. praecox.
80
Which 3 sp. are ø characterized by blood in intestines?
E. acervulina, E.mitis, E. praecox.
81
Which method do you ø use to identify the sp. in chicken coccidosis?
Mc Master method.
82
Time lapse from infection of host to appearence of parasite sexual product in faeces is called
PP.
83
During gametogony when the merozoites develop into female gametocytes they are called
Macrogametocytes.
84
Which animal sp. can be infected by E. maxima?
Chicken.
85
What do you find on mucosa during an infection with E. maxima?
Petechiae.
86
Which statement is true:
E. maxima has a 30x 20 µm oocyst that is characteristic.
87
Size of oocyte can be used as identification for which of these sp.?
E. maxima or ' other'.
88
Which has slightly orange/ salmon pink exudate in lumen?
E. maxima.
89
Where does the schizogony of E. acervulina take place?
In epithel of duodenum + jejunum.
90
Which one has discrete white foci/ transverse bands which are ladder- like?
E. acervulina.
91
Where do Schizonts of E. necatrix develop?
In jejunum + Ileum.
92
Animals infected by E. brunetti?
Chickens.
93
What is ø true?
E. brunetti is found in duodenum.
94
Which animal sp. can be infected by E. tenella?
Chicken.
95
Where do Schizonts of E. mitis develop?
In jejunum.
96
In goose what sp. of E. affects kidneys?
E. truncata.
97
Which of the following is a symptom of E. truncata?
Torticollis.
98
Which is the most usual form of biliary coccidiosis in rabbit?
Symptomless.
99
What organ is affected by Bo coccidiosis?
Large intestines.
100
What size is the oocyst of Isospora suis?
About 20 µm.
101
How can we increase the sensitivity of detection of I. suis oocyst in microscope?
With autofluorescence.
102
Where are the pathologic lesions that occur in case of I. suis infection?
In caecum + ileum.
103
What does the hepatic lesions contains in case of E. infection?
Gamonts + oocysts.
104
Which are the largest among the following ones?
I. felis.
105
What is the worst consequence of Sus coccidiosis?
Dehydration.
106
Diarrhoea caused by coccidiosis last for.. in puppy?
1- 2 weeks.
107
Diarrhoea caused by coccidiosis last for... in kittens?
1- 2 days.
108
Which sp. can infect cats?
I. rivolta.
109
Which sp. can infect dog?
I. canis.
110
What symptom is ø caused by I. felis in cat?
Miocarditis.
111
What symptom is ø caused by I. canis in dog?
Miocarditis.
112
What symptom is caused by E. stiedai in rabbit?
Cholangitis.
113
What symptom is caused by I. suis in young Sus?
Diarrhoea.
114
Which sp. has the biggest oocyst in dogs?
I. canis.
115
What age of cattle is the most susceptible for E. infection?
2- 5 months.
116
Which sp. affects the large intestines in rabbit?
E. flavescens.
117
From what sp. do we ø need to distinguish Isospora felis oocyst samples?
I. ohioensis.
118
Which sp. has pinhead- sized nodules in ileum?
E. magna.
119
Who is infected by E. stiedai?
Other, Rabbit.
120
Which sp. affects cattle?
E. zuernii.
121
What does a sporulated oocyst of E. stiedai contain?
Sporocyst.
122
What sp. of E. can appear as a merozoite in bloody faeces?
E. zuernii.
123
What kind of extra- intestinal symptoms can occur during E. infection in calves?
CNS signs.
124
In which sp. can you find E. intestinalis?
Rabbit.
125
What can you find in fresh faeces?
Unsporulated oocysts.
126
Coccidiosis infects Sus at what age?
8 - 15 days.
127
What is affected in coccidiosis of Car?
Small intestine.
128
What does the sporulated oocyst of E. steidai contain?
4 sporocysts each containing 2 sporozoites.
129
How many macrogametes develop from 1 µgamont?
21- 30.
130
How do you detect of E. zuernii in faeces?
Flotation test.
131
Sp. of E. found in the large intestine of rabbit?
E. piriformis + E. flavescens.
132
What is an unsporulated oocyst with regards to E.?
Zygote.
133
Which are the small intestine E. sp. in rabbit?
E. intestinalis, E. magna, E. irresidua.
134
How do we detect an unsporulated E. oocyst?
Flotation method.
135
What do we see clinically when a rabbit has E. steidai?
Subclinical infection.
136
What form of oocysts can be found in fresh faeces on course of E. steidai infection?
Unsporulated.
137
What form of E. zuernii might appear sometimes in mucous faeces of calves?
Schizonts/ merozoites.
138
At what age are rabbits most susceptible for intestinal E. infection?
1- 2 months.
139
Where does the sporogony E. zuernii take place?
In ext environment.
140
Where do calves usually get heavy infection with Coccidiosis?
In feed lots + yards.
141
Which methods is used for counting oocysts in faeces during an E. infection?
Mc Master method.
142
What is found in faeces of animals infected by E.?
Sporulated oocysts.
143
What is unsporulated?
Zygote.
144
What is the size of a Cryptosporidium oocyst?
5- 8 microns.
145
How can we characterize the host specificity of Cryptosporidia baileyi?
Euryxenous.
146
What organ is never involved into C. baileyi infection of poultry?
Liver.
147
Which organ is ø involved during a C. Baileyi infection of poultry?
Brain.
148
How do we detect usually the oocysts of Cryptosporidia in faeces?
With flotation.
149
Which animal sp. can be infected by Toxoplasma gondii?
Many mammals + birds.
150
How many sporocysts do Toxoplasma oocysts have?
2.
151
What kind of pathological signs can we see on the surface of placenta of aborted foetus by consequence of Toxoplasma infection?
Necrotic spots.
152
What method is ø applicable to detect Ab against Toxoplasma infection?
Polymerase chain reaction.
153
Which sp. of host of Toxoplasma do ø abort their foetus during infection?
Cat.
154
What is the size of Toxoplasma cyst that contains tachyzoites?
20 - 100 microns.
155
What is the sign that does ø appear in chronic form of Besnoitiosis of cattle?
Itching.
156
What type of Sarcocystis oocyst can be found in fresh faeces?
Sporulated form with 2 sporocysts.
157
What is the usual consequence of Sarcocystis in final host animals?
ø clinical signs.
158
What can we usually detect in faeces during Sarcocystiosis in definite host?
Sporocysts.
159
What is the most frequent clinical form of Sarcocystiosis of dog?
Subclinical.
160
What animals are susceptible for Besnoitia besnoiti?
more ssp of Ru.
161
Which is the method used to detect Cryptosporidium?
Kinyoun staining.
162
What method is ø used to detect Toxoplasma tachyzoites during infection?
IFAT staining.
163
Which genus has sporulated oocysts with 4 free sporozoites?
Cryptosporidium.
164
Which genus has sporulated oocysts without sporocysts?
Cryptosporidium.
165
What are the characteristics of Cryptosporidium meleagridis oocysts?
5 µm, spherical.
166
Which form is ø characteristic of avian Cryptosporidiosis?
Hepatic form.
167
Host range of Cryptosporidiosis?
Euryxenous.
168
Host range of Cryptosporidium baileyi?
Anseriform.
169
Which sp. of Cryptosporidium occurs in birds?
C. baileyi.
170
Where is Cryptospordiium mainly found?
Small intestine/ abomasum.
171
Which bird sp. are susceptible for C. baileyi infection?
Many sp.
172
What is the causative agent of Cryptosporidiosis in mammals?
C. muris.
173
Which parasite are homoxenous but ø host specific?
Cryptosporidium parvum.
174
What are the clinical signs for C. baileyi?
Dyspnoea + diarrhoea.
175
What are the characteristics of Cryptosporidium baileyi oocysts?
6- 7 µm, oval.
176
What form of Cryptosporidium can be found in fresh faeces?
Oocysts containing 4 sporozoites.
177
Which form of Cryptosporidiosis has the most severe outcome in broilers?
Respiratory.
178
In which location will Cryptosporidium baileyi ø establish?
Stomach.
179
Which is ø true?
Toxoplasma oocysts are 5- 8 µm.
180
Host range of Toxoplasmosis?
Cats, dogs, birds + humans + other mammals.
181
How can we characterize the life cycle of Toxoplasma gondii?
Facultative heteroxenous.
182
In which animal can we find Toxoplasma oocysts in faeces?
Cats.
183
What kind of host is the cat in Toxoplasma gondii?
Final/ Definitive Host.
184
For how long does a cat pass Toxoplasma occysts in faeces?
1- 2 weeks.
185
Which animals shed oocysts in Toxoplasmosis?
All sp. of cats as definitive/ final host.
186
What can be found in sporulated oocysts of Toxoplasmosis?
2 sporocysts each containing 4 sporozoites.
187
What is the patency period for Toxoplasmosis?
20 days.
188
Oocyst of Toxoplasma gondii is indistinguishable from that of?
Hammondia hammondi.
189
What is the size of Toxoplasma gondii cyst?
20 - 100 µm.
190
In which sp. does T. gondii cause necrotic foci + granuloma in liver, spleen, lungs, brain?
Rabbit.
191
Which clinical sign can be seen in dogs infected by Toxoplasma?
CNS symptoms.
192
What method is ø used to detect Toxoplasma tachyzoites during infection?
Sabin- Feldman dye test.
193
Besnoitia besnoiti sp. are?
Obligatory heteroxenous.
194
Which statement is ø true for Besnoitia besnoiti?
- It's important intermediate host is cat.
| - It can be transmitted by vectors, the cyst is visible to naked eye, develops in endothel.
195
What type of host of Sarcocystiosis can give the intestinal form of infection?
Final hosts- dog, cat, wild Car + man.
196
What is the Sarcocystiosis sp. of cattle among these following ones?
S. hirsuta.
197
What is the Sacrocystiosis sp. of sheep among these following ones?
S. gigantean.
198
What can be found in sections of vascular endothelium of heart, kidney in Sarcosporidiosis?
Grps of merozoites/ small schizonts.
199
Intestinal Sarcosporidiosis can occur in?
Dog, cat, wild Car + man.
200
Wheat- pea sized + greyish- yellow sarcocysts of.. are found in wall of oesophagus?
S. gigantea.
201
M. sarcosporidiosis can be found in?
Sheep, cattle, Sus, Eq, rabbit.
202
What does human need to ingest to get infected with Sarcocystiosis?
Cystozoites.
203
What is the vector of Hepatozoon canis?
| Flea, Lice, Fly
Other.
204
What are the vertebrates susceptible for Babesiosis?
Birds + mammals.
205
What is the animal that may abort it's foetus in consequence of Babesiosis:
Cattle.
206
What are the host that does ø show haemoglobinuria during Babesia- infection?
Eq.
207
What word is correct to describe certain form of Babesia?
Sporozoite.
208
What is the Babesia sp. that can infect dog among the following ones?
B. gibsoni.
209
In what cells does the Theileria begin to develop inside 1st vertebrate host?
Ly.
210
What is the sp. among the following ones that has ø any zoonotic significance?
Theileria annulata.
211
In what cells do Koch bodies occur?
Ly.
212
What is the correct term to describe the host preferences of Encephalitozoon?
Euryxenous.
213
What is the staining method that cannot be applied to detect Encephalitozoon spores in tissues?
Haematoxylin eosin staining.
214
Correct term for host range of Hepatozoonosis:
Obligate heteroxenous.
215
In which cells do gamonts of Hepatozoon develop?
Neu. gr.
216
Which symptom is ø present in dog affected with Babeosis:
Abortion.
217
In which animal does Babeosis infection affect the eyes?
Dog.
218
Which Babesia has zoonotic significance?
B. bingemina.
219
What is the difference between the cell preference of Babesia + Theileria?
Theileria can develop in Ly, Babesia does ø.
220
What is the sp. of Babesia that have zoonotic character?
B. divergens of cow.
221
What type of animals does Babeosis affect?
Mammals.
222
Babesia vogeli can infect:
Dogs.
223
Which cells does Babesia 1st infect?
RBCs.
224
Which sp. can occur in cattle?
B. divergans.
225
Which is " small babesia"?
B. canis.
226
Form of Theileria that occurs in RBCs:
Piroplasm.
227
Theileria annulata is seen in which sp.?
Cattle.
228
What is the size of Koch bodies?
10 - 12 µm.
229
Koch bodies are:
Schizonts in WBCs.
230
Vertebrate animals susceptible to Encephalitozoonosis:
Many mammals.
231
Which staining can't you use in detection of Encephalitozoa?
HE staining.
232
In Encephalitozoonosis, eye disorders are seen in which sp.?
Fox, dog.
233
During necropsy, thickened + nodular v in A. of viscera can be seen with the naked eye in:
Encephalitozoonosis.
234
Spore of E. cuniculi can be detected where in rabbits?
In urine.
235
What size are the Encephalitozoon spores?
1.5 x 2.5 m, elliptical/ oval.
236
Which staining used for Encephalitozoonosis?
Gram +ve.
237
What kind of organ is affected by Encephalitozoon cuniculi?
Kidney.
238
What is the name of the development for lice?
Epimorphosis.
239
How many nymphal stages do lice have?
3.
240
How long do blood sucking lice survive without host?
Some days only.
241
What is the blood sucking lice of cats?
ø exist.
242
Which hosts are blood sucking lice live on?
Mammals.
243
How many abd segments do lice have?
9.
244
1 of the anoplura louse sp. of cattle is Lignonathus?
Vituli.
245
What does a cocoon of a flea contain?
Pupa.
246
Which way do flea develop?
Holometamorphosis.
247
Which characteristic for a cat infected with fleas?
Miliary dermatitis.
248
How many larval stages do flea have?
3.
249
How big is an adult lice?
1- 14 mm.
250
Which gender are the biggest lice?
Female.
251
How are the eyes of the lice?
Reduced/ absent.
252
How many antennae does Amblycera/ Ischnocera have?
3- 5 segmented antennae.
253
How many antennae does Anoplura have?
5- segmented antennae.
254
how long do chewing/ biting lice survive without a host?
1- 2 weeks.
255
How do the lice spread?
By contact, phoresy.
256
Which suborder does Felicola subrostratus belong to?
Ichnocera ( chewing/ biting lice).
257
Which suborder does Solenopotes capillatus belong to?
Anoplura ( blood- sucking lice).
258
Which is the blood sucking lice of dogs?
Linognathus serosus.
259
Which is the blood sucking lice of sheep?
Linognathus stenopsis + ovillus + pedalis.
260
Which are the blood sucking lice of birds?
ø exist.
261
Which are the chewing/ biting lice of rabbits?
ø exist.
262
Which are the chewing/ biting lice of Sus?
ø exist.
263
Which are the chewing/ biting lice of humans?
ø exist.
264
What is the blood- sucking lice sp. of cattle?
Linognathus vituli, Hematopinus eurysternus, olenopotes capillatus.
265
How many spiracles do lice have?
6 pairs.
266
How many abd segments do fleas have?
10.
267
Genus of rat flea?
Xenopsylla cheopis.
268
Genus of human flea?
Tunga penetrans.
269
What is special about Tunga penetrans ( jigger)?
Only the male sucks blood.
270
Which is characteristic for a dog infected with fleas?
Hotspots on lumbosacral + gluteal region.
271
How big is an adult flea?
1- 6 mm.
272
How big are the eggs of flea?
0.5 mm.
273
In flea infestation, which are the clinical signs?
None.
274
How does fleas develop?
By holometamorphosis.
275
Choose the scientific name of horsefly sp.
Tabanus bromlus.
276
Choose the developmental cycle typical for bedbugs.
Epimetamorphosis.
277
Choose the developmental cycle typical for diphtherans.
Holometamorphosis.
278
These sp. never consume blood.
Fannia canicularis, Musca domestica, Muscina stabulans.
279
Both sexes are haematophagus.
Stomoxys calcitrans, Hematobius irritans.
280
How many nymphal stages do bugs have?
5.
281
What does pupa of bugs look like?
ø pupa.
282
What does the male bedbug feed on?
Blood.
283
Which bug causes anaemia?
Cimea lectularis ( bed bug).
284
Respiratory spiracles lay on:
Stigma plate.
285
How many nymphal stages are there in Darkling beetle?
None.
286
Diptera whose antenna has only 3 segments?
Tabanus.
287
Tsetse fly gives birth to:
1 fully- grown 3rd stage larvae.
288
Size of Tsetse fly:
6- 15 mm.
289
Which is the largest?
Tsetse.
290
Adult sp of this genus are always wingless?
Melophagus ovinus.
291
Which of the following does ø belong to mouthparts?
Antennae.
292
Their larvae are able to chew into solid materials?
Alphitobius diaperinus.
293
Development of Family Cullicidae:
( holo) metamorphosis.
294
Lifecycle of Heteroptera ( Hemiptera)?
Epimorphosis.
295
What is characteristic of Family Simuliidae?
Pupa is in a slipper- shaped cocoon that is reddish- brown.
296
Which grp pupates inside a cocoon capsule?
Simuliidae.
297
Which genus does ø belong to grp of mosquitoes?
Alphitobius.
298
Choose the insect grp where development in stagnant H2O is typical?
Mosquitoes.
299
Choose the grp where both sexes feed on blood.
Bedbugs.
300
Reduced wings are characteristic for?
Bedbugs.
301
Choose the insect that is ø haematophagous.
Lesser mealworm.
302
Choose the scientific name of a Blackfly sp.?
Simulium damnosum.
303
Mottled wings are characteristic for?
Biting midges.
304
Larvae + puparia of this sp. have lat projections.
Fannia.
305
Larvae of sp. of this genus are able to feed outside the adults?
Stomoxys.
306
Both sexes of this sp. consume blood?
Haematobia irritans.
307
Blowfly
lay eggs.
308
A freshfly lays
1st instars.
309
Hypoderma lineatum imagos feeds on
nothing.
310
1st stage larva of Hypoderma bovis migrate into the
Spinal canal.
311
Some of the mosquito's sp. are?
Diurnal.
312
The female mosquitoes need blood for?
Ovarian development.
313
Most of the mosquitoes sp. are?
Nocturnal/ crepuscular.
314
What does the female mouthparts of mosquitoes have?
Piercing- sucking mouthparts ( fleshy labium), paired maxilla + mandibles, hypopharynx, labrum.
315
Which part of the mosquitoes is entering the skin?
Labrum.
316
Which part of the mosquitoes is ø entering the skin?
Fleshy labium.
317
How big are the mosquitoes?
2- 10 mm.
318
What is characteristic for the male mosquitoes?
Reduced/ absent maxilla.
319
How is the antenna in female mosquitoes?
Pilose ( hairy).
320
How is the antenna in male mosquitoes?
Plumose ( feathery).
321
How does the Anopheles look like?
Characteristically straight, acute angle with surface.
322
How does Culex, Aedes look like?
Bended at thorax + body is parallel with surface.
323
How do eggs of mosquitoes look like?
Elongated, ovoid, boat shaped.
324
Which mosquito lay eggs on H2O?
Anopheles.
325
Which mosquitoes lay eggs in grps?
Culex.
326
How many larval instars are there in still freshH2O Anopheles?
4.
327
How do the mummy- like pupae look like?
Comma- shaped, distinct cephalothorax + abdomen with respiratory trumpets.
328
Most of the sp. of Blackflies is?
Diurnal.
329
When is the Blackflies most active?
During the morning/ early evening.
330
How does the female Blackfly suck blood?
Lacerates tissues until a pool of blood is formed + then takes it up.
331
Which ones are sp. of Blackfly?
Simulium columbaschense + damnosum.
332
How are the eyes of the female Blackfly?
Distinctly separated ( dichoptic).
333
How are the eyes of male Blackfly?
Closer ( holoptic).
334
Where are the eggs of Blackfly laid?
In batches on stones/ vegetation near running H2O.
335
How many larval instars of Blackfly?
6- 9.
336
What is a clinical sign of Blackfly in cattle?
Acute syndrome: simuliotoxicosis.
337
What is characteristic for both sexes of Sandflies?
Feed on plant juices.
338
How is the colour of Sandfly?
Dull coloured.
339
How big is the Sandfly?
5 mm.
340
How are the wing veins of Sandfly?
Straight lines.
341
How are the eggs of Sandfly laid?
In cracks, burrows/ holes in ground.
342
How many larval instars does the Sandfly have?
4.
343
How big are the Biting midges?
1.5- 5mm.
344
How many larval instars do Biting midges have?
4.
345
What are the Muscoid flies called which is associated with man?
Synathropic.
346
What are the Muscoid flies called which is associated with stables?
Endophilic.
347
What are the Muscoid flies called which is associated with pastures?
Exophilic.
348
Which muscoid flies are exophilic?
Musca Automnalis + Hematobius Irritans.
349
What is in the 1st segment of Muscoid flies?
Inner cephalopharyngeal skeleton.
350
How many larval instars do Muscoid flies have?
3.
351
How is the shape of puparium of Muscoid flies?
Barrel shaped.
352
How big is the Musca domestica/ housefly?
7- 8 mm.
353
How many segments do larvae of Musca domestica/ housefly have?
12.
354
How many generations/ yr does the housefly have?
10- 30.
355
How big is the Fannia canicularis/ lesser housefly?
4- 6 mm.
356
What order does Fannia canicularis belong to?
Cyclorrhapha of Suborder Brachycera.
357
Which have a closed peritreme?
Blowfly.
358
How does the 1st 2 abd segments of Fannia canicularis/ lesser housefly look like?
Yellowish spots.
359
How big is the Stomoxys calcitrans/ stable fly?
6- 7mm.
360
How does the Stomoxys calcitrans/ stable fly attack their host?
On lower parts ( belly, limbs).
361
How big is Musca autumnalis/ facefly?
5- 7 mm.
362
Which sp. have biological + mechanical vector?
Musca autumnalis/ facefly.
363
What does the Musca autumnalis feed on?
Secretions around the eyes ( nose, mouth + wounds).
364
How big is the Haematobia irritans/ horn fly?
4 mm.
365
What does the horn fly cause?
Intense irritation + blood loss.
366
Larvae of Hypoderma lineatum migrate into?
Oesophagus.
367
Where do the Warble flies pupate?
On the ground.
368
Which one has a 3rd instar larvae called Warble/ grub?
None.
369
Which fly lays larvae on mammals?
Oestrus ovis.
370
Where can we find the larvae of O. ovis?
In nasal cavity.
371
Where does Gastrophilus nasalis finally develop?
Pylorus.
372
Where the Gasterophilus lays it's egg?
On shoulders.
373
How long do larva of sheep nasal botfly develop inside host?
10- 12 mnths.
374
Members of this genus are facultative parasite?
Lucilia sericata + cuprina.
375
Where does Lucilia spp belong?
Calliphoridae.
376
Which have an open peritreme?
Freshflies.
377
Which one has a 3rd instar larvae called a maggot?
None.
378
Where does Wohlfahrtia spp belong?
Sarcophagidae.
379
Which adult female is larviparous?
Wohlfahrtia spp.
380
Wohlfahrtia Magnifica lays what?
Females lay 1st instar larvae, they are larviparous + obligate parasites.
381
Which adult females is honeybee like?
Botflies.
382
How does a Botfly reproduce?
Female attach their eggs to hairs on upper parts of body + then they develop with Holometamorphosis.
383
Sheep nasal botfly?
1st stage larvae are laid at nostrils.
384
Host of Gastrophilus nasalis?
Equids.
385
Fly where both sexes are haematophagous?
Haematoba irritans, Stomoxys Calcitrans.
386
This sp. causes the scaly leg of poultry.
K. mutans.
387
This sp causes the scaly face of poultry.
K. pillae.
388
This host can be infected by only 1 sp. of mange mites.
Sus.
389
This sp. occurs mainly in lower parts of legs?
Chorioptes bovis.
390
What chemicals are applied to dissolve the keratinous part of skin scrapings?
Alkalines.
391
Which of them has segmented pedicels on end of it's legs?
Psoroptes.
392
Sp. of this genus of mites are able to survive off the host for a few days only.
Sarcoptes.
393
These mites have ø respiratory openings on body.
Mange mites.
394
Where do Sarcoptes mites belong?
Order Acariformes, sub- order Astigmata, Burrowing mites.
395
Where do Psoroptes mites belong?
Order Acariformes, sub- order Astigmata, Non- burrowing mites.
396
Which mites have short legs?
Burrowing mites ( Sarcoptes, Knemidokoptes, Notoedres ssp).
397
Which mites have long legs?
Non- burrowing mites ( Chorioptes, Otodectes, Psoroptes spp.).
398
Which have Otodectic mange?
Cat.
399
Which have Sarcoptic mange?
Sus.
400
Which is the causative agent of depluming itch?
Knemidokoptes gallinae.
401
Which method is used for the diagnosis of Sarcoptic mange?
Skin scraping.
402
Which methods are used for diagnosis of Notoedric mange?
Skin scraping.
403
The sp. of mites that burrow into skin?
Sarcoptes, Knemidokoptes, Notoedres spp.
404
These mites are able to consume tissue fluids:
Psoroptic mites.
405
These mites can sometimes cause anemia during heavy infection:
Psoroptic mites.
406
How many nymph stages are there during the development of mange mites?
2.
407
Which mites is viviparous?
Knemidokoptes spp.
408
Which sp has Notoedric mange?
Dog.
409
What developmental stage of chigger mites feed on vertebrates?
Larvae.
410
It feeds only at once:
Female hard tick.
411
What sp. of Cheyletiella occurs in rabbits?
C. parasitivorax.
412
Their larva is ø able to feed anything.
Red mites.
413
Hard ticks have... blood feeding developmental stages
3.
414
How many times do nymphs of hard ticks feed on blood?
Only once.
415
Where do the soft ticks lay their eggs?
Cracks + crevices.
416
It is ø true for Demodex
They live on hair.
417
Their larvae never feed.
Dermanyssus.
418
They lay their eggs on hair.
Cheyletiella.
419
This sp. lives on eyelids?
Demodex caballi.
420
Where does the red mite belong?
Mesostigmatid mites.
421
For which sp. are huge palps characteristic?
Cheyletiella.
422
Which animals have D. Phylloides?
Sus.
423
Which is the smllest overall?
Hair follicle mite.
424
For which do you collect with scotch tape?
Cheyletiella.
425
Where do hair follicle mites belong?
Prostigmatid mites.
426
For which sp. are ciliated setae characteristic?
Trombicula autumnalis, Harvest ( Chigger) mite.
427
Which animals have " Argas persicus"?
Poultry, wild birds.
428
Which is the largest overall?
Female ixodes.
429
Dragging + flagging is suitable collection for?
Dermacentor marginatus ( hard ticks).
430
How many forms of Fasciola larvae appear only inside the body of intermediate host?
2.
431
What is the most important intermediate host of F. hepatica in Europe?
Galba truncatula.
432
Which animal is the most susceptible for Fasciola infection?
Sheep.
433
What is the best way to detect lancet fluke eggs in faeces?
Flotation.
434
What is the larval stage of Paramphistomum that can swim in H2O?
Miracidium.
435
What age of sheep is most susceptible for acute Fasciolosis?
Lambs < 8mnths.
436
What is the most frequent consequence if Dicrocoelium infection in cattle?
Symptomless infection.
437
What term characterizes rumen flukes?
Pinkish body, suckers at both ends, Bisexual, Hermaphrodite.
438
What larval form is missing during development of lancet flukes?
Redia.
439
How many larval forms of lancet fluke appear only inside the body of snail?
1.
440
What snail can be an intermediate host of Paramphistomum cervi?
Planorbis planorbis.
441
Which animal is least susceptible for Fasciola infection?
Cat.
442
What is the way to detect fluke eggs in faeces?
Sedimentation.
443
What is the larval stage of Dicrocoelium that develops in ants?
Metacercaria.
444
Which age of sheep is the most affected by chronic Fasciolosis?
After 1 yr.
445
What is the colour of musoca of lips during acute Fasciolosis?
Normal, pink.
446
What characterizes lancet flukes?
Flat body, Hermaphrodite.
447
What organ do young rumen fluke attach to 1st, on course of infection?
Duodenum.
448
How many larval stages of Dicrocoelium can actively move in environment?
0.
449
What are the intermediate hosts for both Fasciola + Calicophoron flukes?
Galba truncatula snails.
450
What are the 2nd intermediate host of lancet flukes?
Ant sp.
451
How many Fasciola metacercariae are needed to cause acute infection in cattle?
> 1000 are enough.
452
What does the fresh egg of Calicophoron fluke contain?
Zygote.
453
What genus has the longest praepatent period in final host?
Paramphistomum.
454
What is the sp. that never causes acute form of a disease?
Dicrocoelium dendriticum.
455
Which term characterizes Fasciola flukes?
Flat body, head cone.
456
This is ø absolutely necessary for the development of lancet fluke.
Redia stage, H2O, FreshH2O snail.
457
Which fluke is the largest?
F. hepatica.
458
What are the steps of lifecycle of F. hepatica?
MI- SPO- RE1- RE2- CE.
459
How big is Fasciola hepatica adult?
2- 3cm.
460
How is the shape of Fasciola hepatica?
Leaf- like.
461
The lifecycle of.... is MI- SPO- RE1- CE
rumen fluke.
462
Which sp. develops with 2 intermediate hosts?
D. dendriticum.
463
Which sp. has 40 - 50 µm, sized, brownish eggs?
| Paramphistomum cervi, Schistosoma japonicum, Fascioloides magna
Other.
464
How can you diagnose acute Fasciolosis?
With necroscopy.
465
You can find a few mm long worms in liver paremchyma. This is...
F. hepatica.
466
Which sp. is 140- 150 µm long, and colourless?
Paramphistomum cervi.
467
How can you diagnose chronic paramphistomatidiosis?
With sedimentation.
468
You can find a few mm long worms in ductus choleductus. This is
D. dendriticum + F. hepatica.
469
What is the intermediate host of Paramphistomum sp.?
Planorbids.
470
What is the intermediate host of Calicophoron daubneyi?
Galba truncatula.
471
What is the family of Fasciola?
Trematodes.
472
What technique do you use to measure the size of parasites?
Micrometry.
473
Which technique concentrates fluke eggs?
Sedimentation.
474
What is the host spectrum of Fasciola hepatica?
Wide, mostly herbivorous mammals + humans.
475
What is another name for Fasciola hepatica?
Common liver fluke.
476
What kind of method is used to detect Fasciola hepatica egg?
Sedimentation method/ flotation.
477
Where can you find the adult form of Fasciola hepatica?
In bile duct + gallbladder.
478
Where can you find the juvenile form of Fasciola hepatica?
Penetrate the intestine + migrates to liver via abd cavity.
479
After the death of F. hepatica flukes what can be found?
Fibrotic tracts/ necrotic areas in liver.
480
What are special about diagnosis of acute Fasciolosis?
ø eggs in faeces.
481
How can you treat Fasciolosis?
Triclabendazol.
482
What is the main source of heavy Fasciolosis?
2º biotopes.
483
What is the size of eggs of F. hepatica?
120 - 150 µm.
484
Which colour of eggs does fasciola hepatica have?
Golden yellow.
485
What does Fasciola hepatica eggs contain?
Zygote.
486
What surrounds egg of the F. hepatica?
Graulated yolk.
487
F. hepatica: in body of snail the 1st larva turns into?
Bladder- like sporocyst.
488
In which stage does the F. hepatica shed their tail?
Cercariae.
489
How long takes the migration in liver parenchyma of F. hepatica?
4- 6 weeks.
490
Approximately how long is the praepatent period of F. hepatica?
10 weeks.
491
What are the definitive hosts of F. hepatica?
All kinds of Ru, mainly hollow- horned ones ( Bo).
492
What are the most susceptible sp. for Fasciola hepatica?
Sheep, goat, rabbit, hare.
| artificially: mouse, rat
493
What are the moderately susceptible sp. of Fasciola hepatica?
Cattle, deer, roe- deer, moufflon, buffalo + camel. ( artificially: guinea Sus).
494
What are the least susceptible sp. for Fasciola hepatica?
Eq, Sus, dog, cat, humans.
495
What can be the symptoms of acute form of Fasciola hepatica?
Rapid weight loss, sudden death.
496
What colour are the MM in case of subacute Fasciolosis?
Pale.
497
What can be symptoms of subacute form of Fasciola hepatica?
Severe anaemia, bottle jaw.
498
What can be the symptoms of chronic form of Fasciola hepatica?
Submandibular oedema, cachexia.
499
F. hepatica: in case of acute form the young flukes can be found in?
Parenchyma.
500
F. hepatica: in case of chronic form the flukes can be found?
In biliary ducts + gallbladder.
501
How big is Fascioloides magna?
2- 10 cm.
502
What is another name for Fascioloides magna?
Large liver flukes.
503
What is the size of Fascioloides magna eggs?
110 - 160 µm.
504
Mixed infections with F. magna + F. hepatica can occur in?
Cattle.
505
What is the definite host of Fascioloides magna?
Deer.
506
What is the aberran host of Fascioloides magna?
Sheep, goat.
507
What is the paratenic host of Fascioloides magna?
Cattle.
508
Where does the development take place for paramphistomid?
On land + in H2O.
509
Which snail is amphibious?
Planorbis sp.
510
How long is the PP of rumen flukes?
16- 18 weeks.
511
Where can you find immature rumen flukes?
Duodenum + abomasum.
512
Juvenile form of rumen flukes is found in?
Duodenum.
513
What colour does the eggs of. rumen flukes have?
Colourless.
514
What is special about the juvenile rumen flukes?
They never leave intestinal canal during their route from small intestine to forestomach.
515
In which animal is rumen fluke common?
Wild.
516
What is the genus name for rumen fluke?
Calicophoron.
517
Where does the rumen fluke take place?
Rumen + reticulum.
518
What is the size of rumen fluke?
1 - 2 cm.
519
What is the shape of rumen fluke?
Bean- like/ conical.
520
What are the symptoms of chronic/ rumen paramphistomatidosis?
ø symptoms.
521
Adult rumen flukes are found... during acute paramphistomatidosis?
Nowhere.
522
To diagnose rumen fluke we can use?
Sedimentation method/ flotation.
523
How can you diagnose acute form of rumen fluke?
ø eggs in faeces, juvenile flukes in faeces + microscopy.
524
How can you diagnose the chronic form?
Faecal egg count + necroscopy.
525
How to treat the acute form of rumen flukes?
Stop grazing, fluke- free pastures, Niclosamide.
526
How to treat the chronic form of rumen flukes?
Levamizol, Oxikolzanid.
527
What is the main difference beween eggs of rumen fluke + F. hepatica?
Colour.
528
What is the size of eggs of lancet flukes?
40 - 48 µm.
529
Which fluke is the smallest?
Dicrocoelium dendriticum.
530
What is the development of Dicrocoelium dendriticum in ants?
CE- ME.
531
What is life cycle of Dicrocoelium dendriticum in snails?
MI- SPO1- SPO2- RE- CE.
532
When is the miracidium able to hatch in lancet flukes?
If egg is consumed by a land snail.
533
Acute form was never mentioned in?
Dicrocoeliosis.
534
Where does the larva of lancet fluke hatch?
In intestines of snails.
535
Where does the larva of lancet fluke develops?
In body cavity of intermediate host to sporocyst.
536
What does the sporocyst of lancet fluke produce?
Several generations of other sporocysts ( daughter).
537
Cercariae of lancet fluke have a sharp spine on tip of head, what is it called?
Stylet.
538
How do the cercariae of lancet fluke leave snail?
With expelles mucus.
539
Where does juvenile lancet fluke develop into adults?
Liver, through biliary ducts.
540
Approximately how long is PP in lancet flukes?
About 7 - 9 weeks.
541
What is the intermediate host of lancet flukes?
Small land snails may act as 1st intermediate host.
542
For how long does the infected snail survive in lancet flukes?
1- 4 years.
543
What is the 2nd intermediate host of lancet flukes?
Ants.
544
How long do the infected ants of lancet flukes survive for?
Max. 1 yr.
545
Which biotope is important in dicrocoeliosis?
None.
546
Where does Schistosomatidosis ( blood fluke disease) occur?
In v.
547
How is the male of Schistosomiasis?
Broad, flat + inwardly curved forming a groove.
548
How big is the Schistosomiasis?
0.5 - 3.0 cm long.
549
How is the lifecycle of Schistosomiasis?
MI - SPO1 - SPO2 - CE.
550
What is the infective stage of Schistosomiasis?
Furcocercaria.
551
How is the shape of Schistosomiasis?
Thread- like.
552
Which of the Schistosoma is most pathologic?
Japonicum.
553
Which of the Schistosoma is the biggest?
Female.
554
Schistosoma bovis occurs in which sp?
Cattle, sheep, goat.
555
Schistosoma bovis can be found in?
Portal, mesenteric + urogenital veins.
556
Schistosoma mattheei occurs in which sp.?
Domestic + wild ru., zebra, occasionally humans.
557
Schistosoma mattheei can be found in?
Intestinal, hepatic + bladder veins.
558
Schistosoma japonicum occurs in which sp.?
Most domestic + wild animals + humans
559
Schistosoma japonicum can be found in?
Portal + mesenteric veins.
560
Schistosoma mansoni occurs in which sp.?
Humans.
561
Schistosoma mansoni will cause?
Bladder Schistosomiasis.
562
Schistosoma haematobium occurs in which sp.?
Human.
563
Schistosoma haematobium will cause?
Urinary bladder schistosomiasis.
564
How big are the eggs of Schistosomiasis?
130 - 280 mm.
565
How is the shape of the Schistosomiasis?
Spindle- shaped/ Spiny.
566
What does the eggs of Schistosomiasis contain?
Miracidium when passed out in faeces/ urine.
567
What are characteristics about the eggs of schistosomiasis?
They are covered in microbarbs, which cling to vascular endothelium.
568
During acute infection of Schistosomiasis what does cercariae do?
Penetrate skin + causes rash.
569
Eggs of Schistosomiasis, which is laid in target organs, release Ag + will cause?
Katayama fever.
570
How can you treat Schistosomiasis?
Praziquantel.
571
Alariosis is ø very common in?
Dogs + cats, but prevalence in wild Car.
572
How big is Alaria alata?
2 - 6 mm.
573
How many intermediate hosts does the Alaria alata have?
2.
574
What are the intermediate hosts of Alaria alata?
Snails, Tadpoles.
575
What are the paratenic hosts ( mesocercaria) of Alaria alata?
Wild boar, Sus, poultry, human.
576
How can you diagnose Alariosis?
Sedimentation, flotation, necroscopy.
577
What is the colour of Alaria alata?
Yellow.
578
How can you treat Alariosis?
Praziquantel.
579
How many suckers does the scolex of Moniezia expansa have?
4.
580
What is the intermediate host of anoplocephala worms?
Box mite.
581
What does the egg of Moniezia benedeni contain?
6- hooked oncosphaera.
582
Which animals are susceptible for Dyphyllobotrium infection?
Dogs.
583
What is the best way to detect flea tapeworm eggs in faeces?
Flotation.
584
What is the name of the cestode larva that can swim in H2O?
Coracidium.
585
The sp. of this genus can act as intermediate host for Diphillidium.
Ctenocephalides, Trichodectes.
586
These tapeworms can occur in large intestine?
Anoplocephala.
587
What statement is true for a segment of a cestode?
It is hermaphroditic.
588
What larval form is missing during development of Moniezia worms?
Coracidium, Plerocercoid.
589
How many suckers does scolex of Diphyllobotrium worm have?
2.
590
What are the intermediate hosts of Diphylidium worms?
Fleas.
591
Which of these features characterize the sexual organ of every cestode?
It is always hermaphroditic.
592
Which animals are susceptible for Diphylidium infection?
Dogs + Cats.
593
What is the best way to detect Moniezia eggs in faeces?
Flotation.
594
This larva always live in arthropods:
Cysticercoid.
595
These animals can act as intermediate host for Diphyllobotrium:
Fish, Crustaceans.
596
This organ never occurs in tapeworms.
Oral sucker, Cephalic cone.
597
The segment of a flea tapeworm
- is longer than broad.
- has 2 genital openings.
- has 2 sets of sexual organs.
- is hermaphroditic.
598
This stage is missing on course of life cycle of Anocephala worms:
Plerocercoid.
599
How many hooks does the scolex of Diphyllobotrium worms have?
0.
600
What is the size of an egg cocoon of flea tapeworms?
About 500 microns.
601
What does the mature proglottids of a Moniezia benedeni worm contain?
Many testicles, 2 sets of sexual organs.
602
Which tapeworm can infect humans?
Diphyllobotrium, Diphillidium.
603
What kind of worms produces eggs without oncospheaera?
Diphyllobotrium.
604
Which tapeworm produces eggs with angular shape?
Moniezia, Anoplocephala.
605
Even if they are infected with cestode larva, the following intermediate host are ø able to infect humans?
Copepods, Box mites.
606
These tapeworms have armed rostellum.
Diphylidium.
607
What organ is missing from the body of an adult cestode?
Digestive tract.
608
What larval stage is formed during development of Moniezia worms?
Cysticercoid, Oncosphaera.
609
What is the most preferred site of E. multilocularis larva in sheep?
Lung.
610
The name of Taenia hydatigena larva is:
Cysticercus tenuicollis.
611
Where do the larvae of Taenia hydatigena worms develop?
On liver.
612
Which hosts are susceptible for larval Taenia crassiceps infection?
Rodents.
613
This kind of Cysticercus occurs in skeletal m:
C. ovis, C. cellulosae.
614
What is the size of an Echinococcus. worm?
Around 3- 6 mm.
615
Intermediate host for Taenia pisiformis
Hare, Rabbit.
616
What do the fertile cysticerci of Taenia worms contain?
1 scolex.
617
In case of accidental ingestion, these larvae can infect humans:
Cysticercus bovis, Cysticercus cellulosae.
618
This larvae has 3 layered wall:
Hydatid cyst.
619
Echinococcus. worms have:
Rostellum, hooks.
620
The name of Taenia taeniaformis larva is:
Strobilocercus.
621
How many proglottids does the E. multilocularis worm have?
5.
622
Which hosts are susceptible for the larva E. granulosus infection?
Mammals.
623
Larval stage of Taenia saginata is also called:
Cysticercus bovis.
624
What is the size of a Taenia type of egg?The sp. of this genus can act as intermediate host for taenia saginata.
50m, Bos.
625
What do the fertile caverns of E. multilocularis contain?
Protoscolices + gelatinous mass.
626
Adult Taenia saginata worms have:
Scolex.
627
Larva of this Taenia lives in SC + IM CT:
T. serialis.
628
Larval stage of Taenia worms never include:
Coracidium, Cysticercoid.
629
What are the intermediate hosts of Taenia saginata?
Cattle.
630
What does the egg of E. multilocularis contain?
6- hooked oncosphaera.
631
This animal can carry larval Taenia taeniaeformis infection:
Mouse + rat.
632
What is the adequate way to detect Taenia type of eggs in faeces?
Flotation.
633
What is the name of cestode larva that develops in CNS?
Coenurus.
634
This sp. of this genus can act as intermediate host for Taenia solium
Sus.
635
What does the sterile hydatid cyst contain?
Tissue fluid only.
636
Where can we find genital opening on mature segment of Taenia sp.?
On 1 side.
637
What is the larval form that is absent during development of E. worms?
Coracidium, Cysticercoid.
638
Tapeworm detected by naked eye:
All of them.
639
How do you diagnose metacestodes?
Necroscopy.
640
Cestode larvae in immature stage is called?
Cysticercus.
641
How do we differentiate the eggs of E. granulosa + Taenia multiceps?
ø differentiate.
642
What is the Coracidium?
Ciliated oncosphere larvae.
643
If you detect Taenia type eggs in a faecal sample of a dog, it could be infected with:
T. multiceps, Dipylidium caninum, E. granulosus.
644
How do you detect Cysticercus bovis?
Necropsy + meat inspection.
645
The eggs of these parasites ø detected:
E. alveolaris, C. pisiformis, C. cellulose.
646
What kind of tapeworms is in the bile duts of sheep?
None.
647
Symptoms by Moniezia can be seen:
< 6 months.
648
What is the shape of Moniezia benedeni eggs?
Quadrangular.
649
How do we recognise eggs of M. expansa?
Triangular shape.
650
What is the most effective drug against E.?
Praziquantel.
651
What is the metacestode form of E. granulosa?
E. hydatidosus.
652
What is the metacestode form of E. multilocularis?
E. alveolaris.
653
How many times do the nematodes moult during their ontogenic development?
4.
654
What is the most important host of Haemonchus contortus?
Sheep.
655
What is the rate of mortality in case of type II ostertagiosis?
High.
656
Which of the trichostrongylid worms have the largest eggs?
Nematodirus.
657
What is the best way to detect eggs of trichostrongylids in faeces?
Flotation.
658
What is the name of expanded chitinous mouthpart of nematodes?
Buccal capsule.
659
What genera of worms can cause villous atrophy + erosion in jejunum?
Cooperia, Nematodirus, Trichostrongylus.
660
What is the method to separate the different trichostrongylid worms in faecal sample?
Faecal culture of larvae.
661
Eggs of GI worms are:
Thin- shelled.
662
Which worms can cause haemorrhagic gastritis amt ?
Haemonchus.
663
What term is correct for nematodes?
- Sexes usually are separated.
| - They are covered by cutile.
664
What sp. can be found in abomasum of cattle?
Ostergia ostertagi.
665
What kind of morphologic character does ø fit for Haemonchus contortus?
< 1 cm.
666
What worms can cause submandibular oedema within grp of trichostrongylids?
Haemonchus.
667
Where does the 3rd molt of trichostrongylid larvae take place?
In mucosa.
668
What organ can be part of body of nematodes?
Spiculum, Bursa copulatrix, Uterus.
669
Which worms can produce umbilicated nodules on surface of mucosa?
Ostertagia.
670
What type of diarrhea can be observed during winter form of ostertagiosis?
Intermittent.
671
What is a correct term that characterize the Hyostrongylus worms?
Reddish body, small cephalic vesicle.
672
How long is the PP of GI worms usually?
3 weeks.
673
How many larval stages do nematodes have on course of their ontogeny?
4.
674
What sp. can be found in jejunum of sheep?
Cooperia curticei, Nematodirus battus.
675
What morphological character does ø fit for Nematodirus worms?
Red- white mottled body, Coiled posture.
676
These worms live in stomach:
Haemonchus, Hyostrongylus.
677
Where does the 1st molt of trichostrongylide larvae take place?
On pasture.
678
What can be name of larvae of GI worms after 2nd molt?
Infective larvae, 3rd larvae.
679
Which worms can produce diphtheritic gastritis?
Hyostrongylus.
680
What is the rate of morbidity in case of type 1 ( summer form) of ostertagiosis?
High.
681
Where do the eggs of trichostrongylids hatch?
On pasture.
682
Hypobiotic period of larvae is always.. than normal PP.
Longer.
683
Which adult worm is the smallest?
Hyostrongylus ribidus.
684
What is the cell stage of Hyostrongylus egg in vomitus?
4 - 8 cell stage.
685
What is the infective stage of Hyostrongylus rubidus?
L3 infective larvae.
686
What is the Latin name of gizzard worm?
Amidostomum anseris.
687
Which adult worm is the largest ( max. size)?
Amidostomum anseris.
688
Gizzard worms effect:
Goslings, ducklings, young aquatic fowls.
689
Ascarid roundworms in general are
Spindle- shaped.
690
Parascaris worms may cause
Peritonitis, diarrhoea, Coughing.
691
What is the shape of eggs of Parascaris worms? Which of the roundworms have eggs with ø elongated, but ovoid shape?
Spherical, Ascaris.
692
What is the best way to detect the eggs of Toxocara vitulorum?
Flotation.
693
Ascarid roundworms always produce
Thick shelled eggs.
694
Typical autopsy/ necroscopy finding on course of ascariosis is
- Cloudy, whitish spots on liver.
| - Pneumonia.
695
The eggs of toxocara canis are
Subglobular, Brown shelled, Thick walled.
696
The type of lifecycle for Toxocara cati can be
Ascaroid, Toxocaroid.
697
Which roundworms occur in very young aged final hosts only, but ø in adults?
Toxocara vitulorum.
698
Ascaris worms may cause
Enteritis, Dyspnea, Coughing.
699
What is the shape of eggs of Ascaridia worms?
Elongated.
700
Which of the roundworms have eggs with 3 layered shell?
Parascaris, Ascaris, Ascaridia.
701
What is the best way to detect the eggs of Parascaris equi?
Flotation.
702
Ascarid roundworms always
produce zygote containing eggs.
703
A typical necroscopy finding on course of toxocariosis of young animals is
Enteritis, Haemorrhages in lungs.
704
The eggs of Toxascaris leonina are
Subspherical, Colourless.
705
The type of lifecycle for Toxocara canis can be
Ascaroid, Toxocaraoid.
706
A dog can be infected with
Toxocara, Toxascaris.
707
Ascarid roundworms in general
- have 3 lips on mouth.
| - have separate sexes.
708
These worms may cause nervous clincial signs sometimes:
Parascaris, Ascaridia, Toxocara.
709
What is the surface of eggs of Toxocaris worms like?
Smooth.
710
What host is susceptible for Ascaridia galli?
Duck, Chicken, Guinea fowl.
711
What is the best way to detect eggs of Toxocara canis?
Flotation.
712
Ascarid roundworms in general
Have 3 forms of life cycle.
713
Signs on course of Toxocara vitulorum infection
Enteritis, Acetone-like odour, Abd pain.
714
The eggs of Ascaris suum have
- 3 layers of wall.
- A zygote inside when they are fresh.
- Mamillated surface.
715
This worm can settle in histotrop phase in mucosa of intestine:
Ascaridia, Toxascaris.
716
A cat can be infected with:
Toxocara, Toxascaris.
717
The size of Ascaridia eggs is
90µm.
718
Based on morphology of eggs you can recognise these roundworm sp.?
T. leonina.
719
Toxocara canis adult is about... long?
10 - 18 cm.
720
Somatic migration of larva is related to this kind of PE-2.
| Direct, Ascaroid, Ascaridioid
Other.
721
The odor of meat can be acetone- like in
Calf.
722
The surface of egg is smooth of this sp.
T. leonina.
723
You can detect Toxocara vitulorum eggs from these cattle.
< 4 months old.
724
Turkeys can be infected with
Ascaridia galli, A. columbae.
725
What is the size of Ascaris suum egg?
50 - 70 µm.
726
PE- 2 of Toxocara vitulorum is
Toxocaroid.
727
The female roundworm is
Oviparous.
728
PE-2 of this/ these sp. is ø toxocaroid type?
Toxascaris leonina.
729
How many ways of infection are there in roundworms of dogs?
4.
730
What is the name of the roundworm sp., which is PE-2 is ascaridioid type?
T. leonina, A. galli.
731
How are cats infected with roundworm?
/os, paratenic host + galactogenically.
732
Toxocara vitulorum ø infect?
Eq, dog + cat.
733
What is the difference between the infection of cat + dog with roundworms?
Cat has ø prenatal route.
734
What kind of methods are used for detecting roundworm eggs of. piglets?
None.
735
What is the PE- 2 of Parascaris equorum?
Ascaroid type migration.
736
What kind of eggs can be mixed with eggs of A. galli?
Heterakis gallinarum.
737
How can the birds become infected with roundworms?
2 ways: infection by larvated eggs/ by eating paratenic host.
738
How many eggs of roundworms can be found in faeces of heifers?
ø eggs in heifers.
739
Which method of transmission results in patency in a T. vitulorum infection?
Galactogenic infection.
740
How big is the egg of Parascaris equorum?
90- 100 µm.
741
What is the shape of eggs of Parascaris equorum?
Spherical.
742
What is the color of egg of Parascaris equorum?
Yellowish brown.
743
Roundworm that does ø cause liver/ lung lesions?
Ascaridia galli.
744
Which eggs have similar max. size to Troches vulpis egg?
Toxocara canis.
745
Which roundworm sp. can also be found in lions?
T. leonina.
746
Symptoms of hookworm infection are
Erythema, Bloody faeces.
747
Freshly laid eggs of Bunostomum have
Blastomeres.
748
Strongyloides worms can live in
Jejunum.
749
Adult strongylus vulgaris worm has
A buccal capsule.
750
Strongylidosis can be caused by worms in genus of
Strongylus, Cyathostomum, Cylicocyclus.
751
Strongylus equinus larvae develop in
Subserosa.
752
Symptoms of disease, which is caused by dwarf worms, can be the following ones:
Anaemia, Exsiccosis.
753
The eggs of Strongyloides in faeces are
always larvated, Thin shelled.
754
Certain sp. of these genera can infect the definitive host percutaneous:
Bunostomum, Strongyloides, Uncinaria.
755
Ancylostomes can cause haemorrhages in
Duodenum, Jejunum.
756
Symptoms of hookworm infection are the following ones
Diarrhoea, Circulatory collapse.
757
Freshly laid eggs of Strongylus have:
Blastomeres.
758
Strongyloides worms can live
Duodenum.
759
Adult Strongylus Equinus worm has
A buccal capsule.
760
Strongylosis can be caused by worms in genus of
Strongylus.
761
Strongylus edentatus larvae develop in
Wall of portae, liver.
762
Symptoms of disease which is caused by small strongyles can be
Colic.
763
The freshly laid eggs of Ancylostoma caninum
- Contain some blastomeres.
| - are thin shelled.
764
Uncinaria can cause hemorrhages in
Duodenum, Jejunum.
765
We can detect this type of infection by fecal inspection
Strongylidosis, Strongyloidosis.
766
Larvae of Strongyles can be identified usually
obtained from fecal culture.
767
Male Strongyloides worms live
Outside of host.
768
Adult Strongylus edentatus worm has
2 speculums.
769
These worms live in small intestine
Strongyloides, Bunostomum, Uncinaria.
770
Strongylus equinus larva has .... gut cells.
16.
771
Strongyloides westeri live in
Eq.
772
These worms can live as adults outside the host:
Strongyloides.
773
Sp. of these grps of worms can cause respiratory signs:
Hookworms, Dwarf worms.
774
These worms can cause clinical symptoms in young animals only:
Strongyloides.
775
Strongylidosis cannot be caused by worms in genera of:
Strongyloides.
776
the freshly laid eggs of Ancylostoma caninum are
Always morulated, Thin shelled.
777
Which sp. cannot infect dog?
A. tubaeforme.
778
There are 2 tooth- like projections in buccal capsule. This is?
S. vulgaria.
779
What is the size of eggs of Dwarf worms?
40 - 50µm.
780
The larva of this sp. occurs in liver.
S. edentatus.
781
You can find 8 gut cells in L3 strongyle. This is
small strongyles.
782
The host of Bunostomosis trigonocephalum is
| Eq, Sus, Cattle
Other.
783
What is the size of strongyle type eggs of Eq?
70 - 80µm.
784
What is the size of Strongyloides spp?
2 - 8 mm.
785
You cannot find tooth- like projections in buccal capsule. This is?
S. edentatus.
786
Which is the longest strongyle L3?
S. vulgaris.
787
During necroscopy where can we find hookworms in dog + cat?
Small intestine.
788
Where + how do we recognise a hookworm?
Small intestione, big buccal capsule with teeth like projections.
789
How does hookworms cause host damage?
They are blood feeders, + they change location causing blood loss, clotted/ unclotted blood in faeces.
790
How are puppies infected with hookworms?
/os, percutan, galactogenic infection, prenatal + by paratenic host.
791
What is the difference between infection of cat + dog with hookworms?
Cat has ø prenatal route.
792
What can you detect in fecal samples of 2 day old piglets infected with Strongyloides ransomi?
Nothing.
793
During necroscopy, where can you find adults of Strongyloides?
Duodenum.
794
How can Eq become infected with Dwarf worms?
Colostral + lactogenic infection.
795
Which animals can become infected with Dwarf worms?
Eq, Sus, Ru, Car.
796
The size of Heterakis eggs is
65- 80 µm.
797
Oesophagostomum worms have
Cephalic vesicle, Speculums.
798
The length of female common pinworm is
4- 15cm.
799
Adult whipworm has
- Tapered ant part.
| - Broad post part.
800
Whipworms can cause
Typhilitis, Anaemia.
801
The size of Ascaridia eggs is
90 µm.
802
Nodular worms live in
Caecum.
803
The body of female common pinworm is
Grey- white.
804
How long are whipworms?
3 - 8 cm.
805
Eggs of these worms have polar plugs:
Capillaria, Trichuris.
806
The surface of Heterakis eggs is
Smooth.
807
Oesoophagosomum worms have
Shallow buccal capsule.
808
How many sp. of whipworms live in domestic Ru.?
4.
809
Whipworms can cause
Ulcers.
810
Surface of Ascaridia eggs is
Smooth.
811
Adult nodular worms live in
Colon.
812
Eggs of common pinworm are
- Flattened on 1 side,(Asymmetrical).
- Thick shelled.
- Operculated.
- Yellow.
813
The freshly laid eggs of these worms contain morula/ blastomers:
Pinworms, Nodular worms.
814
The size of eggs of whipworms is
40 - 80 µm.
815
The length of Heterakis worms is
About 1 cm.
816
Oesophagostomum venulosum lives in
Goat.
817
We inspect the presence of pinworms by
Adhesive tape.
818
These worms have thin- shelled eggs:
Oesophagostomum.
819
Heterakis dispar infects
Duck, Goose.
820
Osophagostomum columbianum lives in
Sheep.
821
Eggs of common pinworms are frequently found
Around anus.
822
Sp. of these grps of worms can cause hemorrhagic enteritis:
Nodular + Heterakis + Whipworms.
823
These worms can infect Sus:
Nodular, Whip- + GI worms.
824
Which sp can occur in ducks?
H. dispar
825
Which sp. can be found in ileum?
Oe. radiatum.
826
What can you find in eggs of O. equi?
Morula.
827
What kind of infection cannot be diagnosed with flotation method?
Oxyuriasis.
828
What is the size of Trichuris vulpis?
3.0 - 8.0 cm.
829
Which sp. can occur in rabbit?
T. leporis.
830
What is the size of Oxyuris equi male?
1.0 - 2.0 cm.
831
The eggs of H. gallinarum are very similar to?
Ascaridia.
832
T. discolor can infect?
Sheep.
833
You can find " lemon- shaped" eggs. These eggs of
Trichuris.
834
Which sp. can occur in geese?
H. dispar.
835
The eggs are 40x 90 µm in size, ovoid, yellow, slightly flattened on 1 side, thick shelled, operculated, in the stage of morula. This is?
O. equi.
836
The eggs of Oe. dentatum are very similar to?
H. rubidus.
837
What kind of sp. cannot be infected with T. vulpis?
Hare.
838
What is the size of minute pinworm?
0.1 - 0.3 cm.
839
Which sp. cannot occur in Ru?
T. leporis.
840
What is the size of Heterakis worms?
0.7 - 1.5 cm.
841
What kind of method is used for detection O. equi infection?
| Flotation, Sedimentation, Bermann
Other.
842
Which sp. can infect wild boar?
| Oe venulosum, Oe suis, Oe. columbianum
Other.
843
Names of nodular worm infections in Sus?
Oe. dentatum + Oe. quadrispinulatum.
844
How many Oesophagostomum sp. exist in Sus?
2.
845
Passalurus ambiguus is what worm?
Pinworm of rabbits + hare.
846
Crenosoma worms live in
Trachea, Bronchi.
847
Metastrongylus salmi delivers
Eggs with larva.
848
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi lives in
Eq.
849
Syngamus worms are most infective for hosts, which are
< 2- 3 months.
850
Felids are susceptible to infection by these worms:
Aerulostrongylus abstrusus, Angiostrongylus vasorum, Oslerus rostratus.
851
Capillaria aerophilia lives in
Trachea, Bronchi.
852
These infections can be detected by flotation of eggs in fecal sample:
Metastrongylus, Capillaria.
853
Dictyocaulus arnfieldi appears as... in fresh feces.
Larvated egg.
854
Paratenic host might be involved in lifecycle in these worms:
Capillaria.
855
Their intermediate hosts are earthworms:
Metastrongylus.
856
Angiostrongylus worms live in
Pulmonary A, Ventricle of heart.
857
The best way of detection of Oslerus infection is
Endoscopy of trachea.
858
Dictyocaulus eckerti lives in
Deer.
859
Syngamus worms occur mainly in
Chickens, Pheasants.
860
Canids are susceptible to infection by these worms
Crenosoma vulpis, Angiostrongylus vasorum.
861
Oslerus osleri lives in
Trachea, Bronchi.
862
These infections cannot be detected by flotation of eggs in fecal sample:
Crenosoma, Angiostrongylus.
863
Metastrongylus apri appears as... in fresh faeces.
Larvated egg.
864
Intermediate hosts are ø required for life cycle in these worms:
Dictyocaulus filaria.
865
Their intermediate hosts are snails
Crenosoma.
866
Metastrongylus worms live in
Bronchi.
867
A commercial serology test can be applied to detect this infection
Aelurostrongylosis.
868
Dictyocaulus viviparous lives in
Deer and cattle.
869
Syngamus worm lay
Operculated egg.
870
Small Ru. are susceptible to infection by these worms
Dictyocaulus filaria.
871
Their intermediate hosts are snails
Angiostrongylus.
872
These infections can be detected by flotation of eggs in fecal sample
Metastrongylus.
873
Which cannot be intermediate hosts of Syngamus trachea?( Earthworm, Snail, Slug).
None.
874
What kind of parasitosis can occur in Eq?
Dictyocaulosis.
875
Which develops directly?
C. aerophila.
876
What can you find in the fecal sample of a sheep infected with Dictyocaulus filaria?
L1.
877
What is the size of French heartworm?
1.4- 2.5 cm.
878
What can you find in fecal sample of a dog infected with Oslerus rostratus?
L1.
879
What is the size of. Syngamus trachea?
0.5- 3.0 cm.
880
You can find Capillaria aerophilla in
Cat.
881
You can find barrel shaped eggs in fecal sample of?
Capillariosis.
882
How can you recognise Syngamus adults?
Y shaped, red females + white males in permanent copulation.
883
How are birds infected with Syngamus?
L3 larvated eggs.
884
What can we find in feaces of Sus infected with lungworm?
Eggs containing L1.
885
Life cycle of Protostrongylids?
Indirect.
886
Lungworm of Sus
M.salmi, M.pudendotectus + M apri.
887
Shape of Syngamus eggs?
Ellipsoidal.
888
How can a dog become infected with Filaroides?
L1 in vomit, saliva, faeces.
889
Which diagnostic method can detect A. vasorum?
Larval isolation.
890
Name of cat lungworm?
Aelurostrongylus abstrusus.
891
Which lungworm has lemon shaped eggs?
Capillaria aerophila.
892
How do we detect Crenosoma vulpis?
L1 in faeces.
893
What is the correct route for ascaroid type roundworms:
Small intestine- liver- lungs- trachea- pharynx- small intestine.
894
Zygote containing egg of F. hepatica develops into
Ciliated larva ( miracidium) in H2O within 2 weeks.
895
What is the size of eggs of F. hepatica?
120 - 150 µm.
896
Juvenile form of rumen flukes is found in?
Duodenum.
897
Which of the following can cause dermatitis in percutan infection?
Ancylostomosis.
898
Which of the following is 0.5 - 2 cm in length?
Triodontophorus.
899
What is the predilection site of adult Strongylidosis?
Caecum + colon.
900
Waht are the size of eggs of Dwarf worms?
40 - 50 µm.
901
What is characteristic of S. vulgaris?
Stumpy, short.
902
These worms cannot infect Sus
Pinworms.
903
What can you find in eggs of O. equi?
Morula.
904
Has a golden yellow egg, with zygote in it
Liver fluke.
905
Most susceptible, artificial host of F. hepatica:
Mouse.
906
Rediae are
3rd larval form in fasciola.
907
What is the latin name of red stomach worm?
Hyostrongylus rubidus.
908
Which morphological character is true for Haemonchus contortus?
- Looks like barber's pole.
- Buccal lancet in mouth.
- Haemorrhagic gastritis in necropsy.
909
Which size is eggs of A. anseris?
90 - 100 µm.
910
Which organ can be aprt of body of nematodes?
Uterus, Bursa copulatrix.
911
Clinical signs of hyostrongylosis infection
Asymptomatic.
912
Host of Bunostomum phlebotomum:
Cattle.
913
Characteristics of male nematodes
Ejaculatory duct, Cloaca, Copulatory bursa.
914
Necropsy findings of Amidostomosis
- Haemorrhages on mucosa of gizzard.
| - Horny lining of gizzard is loosened.
915
Predilection site of T. axei
- Abomasum of cattle.
| - Abomasum of sheep + goat.
916
What is the shape of threadworms in general?
Cylindrical.
917
Is lifecycle of threadworms
Indirect + direct.
918
What sp can the red stomach worm affect?
Sus, wild boar.
919
What sp. are host for Amidostomum anseria?
Ducklings, Goslings.
920
What is. the predilection site of tricuspis?
Stomach.
921
How long is Haemonchus contortus?
1- 3 cm.
922
Where do eggs of Haemonchus contortus hatch?
In environment.
923
What are the clinical signs for acute Haemonchosis?
Anaemia, Submandibular oedema.
924
Which threadworm causes chronic catarrhal croutons diphtheric gastritis?
Hyostrongylus rubidus.
925
" milk spots" can be found on surface of liver because of which roundworm sp?
Ascaris suum.
926
Choose incorrect answer
Roundworms have a buccal capsule.
927
Which of the following is correct about roundworm eggs
have 1 cell stage.
928
Which roundworms have a direct lifecycle
Pascaris equorum, Toxocara vitulorum, Ascaridia dissimilis.
929
How big are T. canis eggs?
75- 90 µm.
930
Which sp. have ascaroid type PE-2 ?
Ascaris suum, Toxocara canis.
