What kind of theories of origin are there?
A.A. Cell degeneraation
A.B. Cell autonomy
Which of the following is direct virus detection?
virus isolation: EM, IF, NA hybridisation, HA
Where do you inject Blue tongue virus?
Intravenously into embryonated hen egg
Which area of the embryonate egg do we use for haemagglutination test?
Allantoic fluid
What does a ‘medium’ contain?
Salts, amino acids, carbohydrates, indicator, antibiotics and antimimetikum
What is Trypsin-EDTA used for?
Digestion between the cells of in vitro tissue culture
Are there cancer cell cell cultures?
Yes, aneuploid cell culture
What is a buffy coat?
White blood cell culture
Virus extraction methods?
A. Freezing-thawing three times
B. Ultrasound
C. Detergent
With what is virus concentration by precipitation possible?
Ammonium sulphate, PEG, alcohol
Are there definitely lipids in virions?
Definitely not, because they are found in the external layer/envelope
Are quasi helical viruses always enveloped?
Yes
Are icosahedron viruses enveloped?
No
What is characteristic of complex viruses?
No capsomere, complete symmetry (pox virus)
Pleomorph viruses have no nucleocapsid
True
What can we label Nucleic acid hybridisation samples with?
Isotopes or enzymes
What can we show with PCR?
Nucleic acids
What is needed for sequencing?
Primer, template, deoxynucleotides and marked dideoxynucleotides
What cells are formed with the fusion of myeloma and B-cells?
Tetraploid hybrid cells
Non-structural proteins do not integrate into the virion
True
What is budding?
A type of enveloped virus release
Are mutations only a disadvantage?
No, they can be advantageous
Can the external environment influence mutation?
Yes
Where are there more mutations?
there are more in RNA viruses
With mutation, can species-specificity change?
Yes
Are clutters thanks to/as a result of Interleukins?
No
Is autointerference autoimmune?
No
What is the reception of structural proteins
Mixing of phenotypes
Do two attenuated vaccines activate each other?
Yes
Does intramolecular recombination only happen in DNA viruses?
No
Can intramolecular recombination happen in vacuoles and cytoplasm
Yes
What causes cell cracking?
Depolarisation of the cytoskeleton
How can you send samples?
Via courier, with exact legible details, +4°C, exact address
What vectors spread rabbit haemorrhage fever?
Mosquitoes
What infects bees?
A. Dicistroviridae (Aparavirus: acute paralysis, acute Israeli paralysis, Kashmar paralysis, Cripavirus: black mother-pearl virus)
D. Iflaviridae family (larvae cystic and wing deformity virus)
In horses, what causes encephalitis?
A. Togaviridae - alphavirus genus: Eastern, Western, Venezuelan horse encephalitis, Getah virus
E. Flaviviridae - flavivirus genus: Japanese encephalitis, St. Louis encephalitis
F. Paramyxoviridae + Paramyxovirinae - Henipavirus: Hendra virus
G. Bornaviridae - Borneo virus: Bornean sickness
All Bunyaviridae, are arbo viruses
False
After taking samples, the samples have to be sent to the lab within how many hours?
Usually 24 hours (leukocytes: 6 hours)
When are swab samples used?
With body fluid sample
Does Border disease cause abortion in sheep?
Yes
What form does herpes latency appear as in the nucleus?
Episome (ganglion, gland, macrophage, lymphocyte)
