PATH

Question 1

what is pathology

Answer 1

science that studies the nature of the disease

Question 2

general vs systemic pathology

Answer 2

• general: study of general reactions of cells + tissues to basic injuries
• systemic: study of specific disease processes and how they affect particular organs and systems

Question 3

what is necropsy pathology

Answer 3

examination of tissues from cadavers to determine cause of death
AKA performing an autopsy

Question 4

what surgical pathology

Answer 4

examination of tissues from living patients in an effort to establish a specific diagnosis

Question 5

what is histopathology

Answer 5

examination of tissues in an effort to establish a specific diagnosis

Question 6

what is cytopathology

Answer 6

microscopic study of exfoliated cells within body fluids

Question 7

what does FNAC stand for and what is the procedure

Answer 7

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology

• a thin core needle is used to obtain a few cells from a mass lesion
• ## it’s used for superficial masses and deep mass lesions

Question 8

types of biopsies

Answer 8

1. needle / core: insert needle to obtain tissue sample
2. incisional: make incision to obtain larger mass of tissue
3. excisional: excision of whole mass

Question 9

what is a disease

Answer 9

the structural and functional changes in organs and tissues due to exposure to an irritant

Question 10

classification of diseases

Answer 10

A. Heriditary
B. Acquired

Question 11

what are the types of acquired diseases

Answer 11

1. inflammatory
2. neoplastic
3. degenerative
4. metabolic

Question 12

what 6 items are important in the study of any disease

Answer 12

1. definition
2. etiology
3. pathogenesis
4. morphological features
5. complications
6. prognosis

Question 13

what is the etiology of a disease

Answer 13

cause of a disease

Question 14

what are predisposing causes of disease

Answer 14

factors which make an individual more susceptible to a disease

heredity, low immunity

Question 15

what are exciting causes of disease

Answer 15

factors which are responsible for the disease

infection

Question 16

what is the pathogenesis of a disease

Answer 16

mechanism by which etiologic agent causes the disease

Question 17

gross / macroscopic picture

Answer 17

examination of a tissue by nakes eye

Question 18

microscopic picture

Answer 18

examination of tissue sections by light microscopy to specify nature of disease

Question 19

what factors are the focus of gross pictures

Answer 19

1. size
2. shape
3. weight
4. color
5. consistency
6. surface
7. cut section

Question 20

what is meant by complications of the disease

Answer 20

the added pathological changes during or after termination of the usual course of disease

common cold could be complicated by acute bronchitis

Question 21

02

causes of cellular injury

Answer 21

• physical agents
• chemical agents
• infectious agents
• immunologic reactions
• genetic derangements

Question 22

what is a cell’s response to trauma

Answer 22

• at first they try to adapt themselves
• prolonged or severe stress results in cell injury