Path and Physical Exam Flashcards
(199 cards)
1
Q
Malar Rash
A
SLE
2
Q
Heliotrope Rash
A
Dermatomyositis; Rash around eyes
3
Q
Rashes over dorsal joints of hand, upper back, around eyes
A
Dermatomyositis
4
Q
Rashes with Progressive muscle weakness
A
Dermatomyositis
5
Q
Rash on left elbow and forearm with weakness of that arm that is getting worse
A
Dermatomyositis
6
Q
Rash on extensors
A
Psoriasis
7
Q
Silver Scale Rash
A
Psoriasis
8
Q
Rash on Flexors
A
Eczema
9
Q
Eczema
A
Severe Itching. SO Itchy that Pts will scratch till it bleeds; In areas of folded skin;
10
Q
Psoriasis
A
Well-defined lesions; thick, silver scale; Feels less itchy (Mild) but more like a burn
11
Q
Contact dermatitis can cause
A
Eczema
12
Q
Skin Conditions to avoid Sun exposure
A
SLE; Dermatomyositis
13
Q
Skin lesion with ulceration and crusting; signs of bleeding; Border irregular
A
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
14
Q
Shiny Pearly Skin lesion with raised borders and flat center
A
Basal Cell
15
Q
Basal Cell Slow or Fast growing
A
SLow
16
Q
Hyperpigmented skin lesion that has been changing quickly
A
Melanoma
17
Q
Icterus (AKA)
A
Jaundice
18
Q
Enopthalmos
A
Sunken eye
19
Q
Unilateral Miosis
A
Horner’s; B/L = Drugs
20
Q
Dry Eyes could indicate
A
Sjorgrens
21
Q
Vertical Nystagmus
A
Brain Stem or MS; Vertical Nystagmus is not good. Horizontal can be normal or is much more likely to be benign
22
Q
If asked to perform CN 2 and 3 perform which tests?
A
Direct; Indirect; Accommodation and convergence (Look for pupil constriction)
23
Q
Mydriasis is?
A
Fully Dilated pupil
24
Q
Anisocoria is?
A
Irregular pupil size compared B/L; Can be normal; affects 20% of the population??
25
Pupil that accommodates but does not react to light
Argyll-Robinson Pupil
26
Nerve responsible for "Opening of eyelid"
CN3
27
Nerve responsible for "Closing of eyelid"
CN7
28
Dilation of Pupil (Sympath or parasympathetic Nerve?)
Sympath
29
Why do chiros eval the eyes?
For early signs of getting MS, MG, DM
30
Silver Wire/Copper Wire Appearance; AV Nicking (sign of?)
Atherosclerosis
31
Absent Red light reflex (Sign of?)
Cataracts
32
DM signs in the EYE?
Hard Waxy Exudates, Microaneurysms
33
Disc:Cup ratio > 2:1 (Sign of?)
Glucoma or Increased intra-ocular pressure; Volcano disc appearence
34
Flame Hemorrhages (Sign of?)
HTN
35
Cotton Wool appearance (Sign of?)
HTN
36
Coryza (Def?)
Inflammation of Mucus membrane of nose
37
Red Mucus membrane of nose (Types of conditions?)
Acute Infection
38
Pale, Grey-Blue Membrane of nose (Types of conditions?)
Chronic Infection or allergies
39
Clear and Thin Nasal Drainage Indicates
Coryza/allergies
40
Clear and thin and sweet Nasal Drainage (Indicates?)
Possible Basal Skull Fracture; Ask about trauma. If Trauma ER visit.
41
Clear and thick Nasal Drainage (Viscous) (Indicates?)
Viral Infection
42
What should you ask the PT if they have nasal drainage?
Any memory loss, confusion, or recent Trauma? Any recent colds, fevers, headaches, or infections?
43
Pain with Palpation the Auricle or Tragus could indicate?
Otitis Externa
44
Pain with palpation of Mastoid Process Could indicate?
Otitis Media
45
To instrument (Look inside) the Ear pull the ear which direction for Adult and then for child?
```
Adult = Up and Back
Child = DOWN and back
```
46
Ear: AC>BC (Normal or abnormal?)
Normal
47
Perform Rinnes test in which ear after Weber's Test?
The ear the sound lateralizes to (Do it in the ear that hears the best); Weber's Lateralizes to the potential conductive deficit side
48
Examples of Conductive deficit in an Ear
Ear Infection, Wax, or Foreign object
49
Examples of Sensorineural deficit in an Ear
Presbycusis (Ear hair cell damage); Neuroma, Meniere's (MC on boards)(AKA CN8 damage).
50
What to Ask a Patient if Weber's lateralizes
Do you have any hearing loss?
| Do you have Tinnitus or ringing in your ears?
51
Webers Lateralizes to which ear?
The ear that they hear better
52
Describe the 3 possibilities of Rinnes test.
Sensorineural = AC>BC (In lateralized ear)
| Conductive Hearing loss = AC=/
53
Signs of Acute Otitis EXTERNA
Canal: Swollen Canal, Moist, Pale red
54
Signs of Perforated Ear
Black and Chronic Infections
55
Signs of Chronic Otitis EXTERNA
Canal: Thick, Red, itchy
56
Serous Otitis Media
A CHRONIC condition; Tympanic Membrane: Bubbles, yellow, retraction
57
Serous Otitis Media
A CHRONIC condition; Tympanic Membrane: BUBBLES, yellow, retraction
58
Describe Serous Fluid
Resemble serum; Pale yellow/Transparent; Benign; Fluid found between membranes and provides lubrication to joints or to the lungs between visceral and parietal plura
59
Describe Herpes Lesion
Vesicles near mouth
60
Myxedema (What is it?)
Severe Hypothyroidism; Can result in Coma
61
Hashimotos, Hypothyroidism, and Myxedema (Difference?)
Hashimotos and Myxedema are AI conditions; Hypothyroidism is not AI and could be the result of pituitary abnormality or a thyroid tumor.
62
Hashimotos, Hypothyroidism, and Myxedema (Difference?)
Hashimotos and Myxedema are AI conditions; Hypothyroidism is not AI and could be the result of pituitary abnormality or a thyroid tumor.
63
DIabetics Vs Myxedema Vs Cushings
All: Mostly Female and Fat and aging;
DM = Polys (Polyneuropathy, polydipsea, Polyphasia, Polyurea)
Myxedema = Everything in body is slowing down bec it controls BMR (Basal metabolic rate); Constipation, fatigue, cat naps, PERIORBITAL swelling (Anopthalmosis)
Cushings = Moon Face (puffy face), Buffalo hump; takes on male features (Hirutism: Face hair and chest hair, male aggression, short temper)
64
Anopthalmosis (What is it?)
Periorbital swelling
65
XRay in Hashimotos?, Graves?, Myxedema?, Cushings?, Addisons?
Addisons and Cushings BECAUSE Tx is Steroids -> Osteoporosis. !!XRAY before CMT!!
66
Chiro Tx for Addisons and Cushings?
Immune Boosters
67
Chiro Tx (Vit) for Peripheral Neuropathies?
B6
68
If you are considering diagnosing a PT with endocrine disease perform lateral skull XRay. (Why?)
Rule out Pituitary Tumor.
69
If you are considering diagnosing a PT with endocrine disease perform lateral skull XRay. (Why?)
Rule out Pituitary Tumor.
| Not always done because a Pit tumor would also cause BiTemporal Hemianopia (Loss of lateral field of vision)
70
Bitemporal Hemianopia indicates?
Unilateral VIsion loss indicates?
Homonymous hemianopia indicates?
Pituitary Tumor
Optic Nerve Compression
Contralateral cerebrovascular event
71
There are 4 conditions to consider during male exam (Name them)
Acute Prostatitis; Chronic Prostatitis; Benign Hypertrophy; Cancer
72
Male Exam: PT has: Warm and tender prostate w/ Fever, Normal PSA (Diagnose)
Acute Prostatitis
| Tender Prostate only in Acute Prostatitis
73
Male Exam: Normal Prostate Exam (DRE = Digital Rectal Exam) except prostate has general enlargement, PSA > 4
Chronic Prostatitis
74
Male Exam: DRE reveals Enlarged LATERAL lobe of prostate with LOSS of median sulcus, Boggy feel, Nocturia, PSA > 4
Benign Hypertrophy of prostate
PSA will be increased
Nocturia not seen in other prostate issues
75
Male Exam: Hard Walnut Nodule of Posterior Lobe, non-tender=, PSA > 4
Cancer of Prostate
| Cancer of Prostate is Blastic; Most Cancers are lytic. Therefore Alk Phos test is useful.
76
Alk Phos Measures?
Bone growth and Blastic growths; Blastic Mets (Most Cancers are lytic)
77
PET is used to evalute?
All ST Cancers
78
Signs of Breast Cancer
Niiple retraction, Dimpling
79
MC location of Breast Cancer
Tail of Spence (Near Axilla) via lymphatic drainage channels
80
What is Mastitis?
Inflammed Breasts; Tender, enlarged, red streaks;
| ER referal
81
Age and description of lesion in Fibroadenoma
<30yo; Benign Nodule(s) of Breast
82
What is Pagets disease of the breast?
Breast Cancer; Not Bone cancer also called Pagets
83
Where is the Adnexal region?
Ovaries, uterine ligaments, fallopian tubes, uterus.
84
HCG increased indicates?
Tumors
85
Back pain and Chiro (Tx?)
Adjust, Nutrition
86
HCG decreased during pregnancy indicates?
Ectopic
87
Endometriosis (What is it?)
Ectopic endometrium
88
Endometriosis (SS?)
Irregular period and trouble getting pregnant (IE Dysmenorrhea and infertility)
89
Cause OF PID
STD
| Such as: Gonorrhea and Chlamydia
90
Virchow node (What is it?)
Mets; Located in supraclavicular lymph chain
91
Sentinal Node (What is it?)
Mets; Located in Axilla
92
Right Vs Left Supraclavicular Lymph node (What is)
Right: Drains Breast, Inside Chest, and Arm
Left: Perform ROS; Rare; Could be from anywhere
93
Inguinal lymph nodes drain?
| Indicate?
Legs and genitals
| Possible STD
94
What is observed with: Lymphangitis, Lymphadenopathy, Lymphoma
Lymphangitis: Red Streak -- ER referral
Lymphadenopathy: Swelling -- Monitor
Lymphoma: Tumor -- Biopsy
95
3 Conditions that produce Lymphadenopathy: Mono, Hodgkins, AIDs
Describe Chest XRay findings of Hodgkins?
Mono: Neg
Hodgkins: Mediastinal widening due to lymphadenopathy
AIDS: Variable
96
3 Conditions that produce Lymphadenopathy: Mono, Hodgkins, AIDs
Describe Chest XRay findings of Hodgkins?
Mono: Neg
Hodgkins: Mediastinal widening due to lymphadenopathy (Box Car look, Potato nodules)
AIDS: Variable
97
Lymphadenopathy with Weight loss, relapsing fever suggests?
Hodgkins
98
What do these have in common:
| TB, Thrush, Herpes, Candida, Toxoplasmosis, Kaposi Sarcoma, Pneumocystic carinii
Opportunistic Infections
Note: Kaposi Sarcoma is caused by the Kaposi Sarcoma virus. Not everyone with the virus develops the ST masses.
Note: These infections occur in late stages of AIDs.
99
PVE (Stands for?)
Peripheral Vascular Exam
100
PVE Tx? (General)
Walking
101
PVE: Arterial Vs Venous disease. Name 3 differences?
A: Skin cool pale cyanotic, Vessel color is red and tortuous, Pulse weak, Raynauds MBS, Vit C def, Skin thinning.
No swelling.
V: Skin warm normal to red color, Pulse normal, Swelling MBS, Stasis dermatitis with Age.
No Vit C def as cause/excarbent, no Raynauds.
102
Where is the Brachial Artery Palpated?
Medial aspect of arm and press up under biceps
103
Where is the Subclavian Artery Palpated?
Medial Aspect of Supraclavicular Fossa just deep to Clavicle
104
Describe Artery Palpation Steps
1. Ask PT to remove any clothing that could interfere with Exam
2. Palpate Pulse
3. Look off into Space as if counting (For test) and count quietly to 5
4. Perform B/L
5. Always tell PT to relax after each full Exam question (For Test)
105
Describe the Capillary Refill Test
1. Raise Limb above heart level (If possible).
2. Pinch each Finger/Toes until blanched/White (Occurs quickly. SO just pinch and let go for test)
3. Observe for blood to return to Fingers/Toes
Pos when Remains Blanched >2sec.
Pos indicates dehydration, Shock, PVD, Hypothermia
106
Describe Allens Test for Arterial Refill
1. Pt seated resting hands palm up on legs.
2. Have PT make a tight fist.
3. Dr Occludes Radial and Ulnar Arteries
4. Have PT open hand. (Hand should be blanched/White).
5. Observe Hand while letting go of Ulnar A.
6. Repeat for Radial A.
7. Compare to opposite open hand.
8. Perform B/L
9. Ask Pt to relax.
107
Describe Buerger's Test
1. PT supine
2. Raise PTs legs to ~45deg
3. Pump PTs ankles for 5secs (Dorsiflex/Plantarflex)
4. Sit PT up and observe refill (5 Sec)
5. Ask PT to relax
108
Describe Homan's Test
*Do not perform in my clinic
EX: PT has pain in R calf
1. Raise PTs L leg ~45deg
2. Dorsiflex ankle. Ask if there is pain
3. Squeeze calf w/ Ankle dorsiflex. Ask if there is pain.
4. W PTs legs on table Dorsiflex R Leg. Ask PT if this reproduces pain.
IF there is pain ASK:
Have you recent been immobilized or have been seated for a long period of time? Are you on Blood thinners, birth control, or steroids?
109
Where is Carotid A. Auscultated?
At Bifurcation of Carotid (C4)
110
Describe Hepatojugular Reflux test and what is it for
1. PT supine. Observe Jugular Vein in Neck. (Should be seen)
2. Raise PT to 45 deg inclination. (Jugular V should Disappear)
3. Compress Abdomen over Inf. Vena Cava and continue to observe Jugular Vein
4. If Jugular V re-appears and stays visible then pos.
Pos indicates CHF.
Because Pressing on a major vein will increase Venous return to the heart and the heart has to work harder to pump this blood out. As the heart works harder the jugular vein will swell until the heart is able to compensate for the increased blood in the veins. If the JUgular vein does not disappear then this means that the heart is not able to pump this extra blood.
111
CHF
Coronary Heart Failure
112
Describe the Claudication Test?
| What is positive for Vascular Claudication?
1. PT Stands and marches in place for 5sec
2. Ask if pain
3. IF PAIN PT repeats w forward hip flexion
Pain w Flex = Vascular Claudication
Pain reduced w flex = Neurogenic Claudication (Because flexion reduces Canal Stenosis)
113
Tx or refer? Neurogenic Claudication
Treat
114
Tx or refer? Vascular Claudication
Co-Manage
115
Buerger's disease AKA?
| What is Buerger's Dx?
Thromboangiitis Obliterans
| Caludication in LE (Artery of Vein) in younf male smokee
116
Thrombosis Vs Thrombophlebitis
Thrombosis is superficial. Deep Vein Thrombophlebitis
117
Describe Raynauds
Triphasic color changel Female; UE; No ice
118
Perform Serum Chemistry for PAD
Peripheral Arterial disease
119
What spinal level does the Carotid bifurcate?
C4
120
Describe the Pattern/TIming for Neurgogenic Claudication?
Unpredictable
121
Describe Episodes of relief with Vasc and neurogenic claudication
```
Vasc = No relief
Neuro = With rest (Only)
```
122
Describe the treatment for vasc and neurogenic claudication
WALK
Vasc = mid-late stage REFER, Early = Walk
Neuro = CMT and have PT walk
123
Describe the Pattern/TIming for Vasc Claudication?
Predictable with amount of acitivity
124
Causes of vasc and neurogenic claudication
```
Neuro = Central Stenosis, DJD, Facet, Disc.
Vasc = Arteriosclerosis, DM, PVD, Beurger's
```
125
Testing for vasc and neurogenic claudication?
```
Neuro= Claudication Test, bicycle test, stoop test.
Vasc = Claudication test, Serum Chemistry, BP.
```
126
Describe Capillary Refill test
Pinch each finger while limb is above heart and watch for refill. (Perform quickly for boards)
127
Describe Allen's Test
PT makes a fist and dr compresses Radial and ulnar arteries in hand. PT relaxes hand and dr release an artery
128
Describe Buerger's Test
PT Supine. Dr raises (Both) legs of PT to ~45. Dr/PT pumps ankles (Dorsi/Plantar flexion) several times (5sec) pt SITS UP and dr observes blood return to feet (5Sec).
Pos = Blood does not return in 2 min.
129
Describe Homans Test
PT has calf pain. PT supine. Dr raises unaffected limb to 45 and then dorsiflexes ankle. Then Squeezes the calf. Ask PT if this changes the pain. Perform on opposite limb but start small. Do not raise the limb right away. First try dorsiflex to see if pain increases. If no pain then raise the affected limb and dorsiflex.
130
Where do you palpate the heart?
AT the 4 listening points (A,P,T,M)
131
What and where are the 4 listening points for the heart?
A = 2nd R intercoastal (Para-sternal)
P = 2nd L intercoastal (Para-sternal)
T = 4th L intercoastal (Para-sternal)
M = 5th L intercoastal space (Mid-clavicular)
*When palpating press w/3 palpating fingers for 5sec at each location.
Point of maximum impulse?
132
How to percuss the heart
Percuss from mid-axillary line on left to left boarder of heart. Repeat 3 times starting at R4 then R5 then R6.
133
How to Auscultate the heart
A PeT Monkey; 5 Sec each pnt; Bell for low sounds = Bruit (Stenosis).
Diaphragm for higher sounds = (Regurgitation)
State: I am listening for murmurs of splitting and evaluating the rate, rythym, and syncopation (Disturbance of rythym).
134
How to Ausc and Palpate the Abdominal Aorta
Palpate lateral to medial for both sides (Dont press on the ab. Aorta. It can rupture if enlarged.)
Ausc with Bell.
135
Disease when R side heart fails
Cor Pulmonale (Rare)
136
Cause of Cor Pulmonale?
Pulmonary HTN -> R side heart failure
137
SS of Cor Pulmonale
Jugular distention; Portal HTN (Liver dx)
138
Tests/Monitor for Cor Pulmonale
Spirometry, Pulse Ox.
139
Tests/Monitor for CHF
BP; Labs; Stress test; Xray Cardiomegaly; Echo
140
Cause of CHF
Left sides heart failure
141
SS of CHF
Nocturnal Dyspnea, Pul edema (Fluid in lungs), Pul Effusion (Pink and frothy sputum)(Fluid around lungs)
142
Thirsty all the time = dx?
Diabetes insipidous
143
Pitting edema = dx?
CHF
144
Pitting edema how to perform
Depress tissue and count for recovery time
145
MI SS
Pain > 10m after rest
146
MI labs (Cardiac enzymes) explain
Troponin > CPK > SGOT (AST) > LDH
Troponin shows up first
Next is CPK
147
Angina Vs MI
Anginia = pain with activity and stops w rest
148
Aortic Aneurysm Vs Heart
Heart = pain everywhere in chest ("Its the big one")
| Aortic Aneurysm = Localized pain (Knife like)(Straight through chest)
149
Pneumonia Vs Pleurisy
```
Pneumonia = Pain w fever, no position of relief.
Pleurisy = Positional Relief (Pt holds side of chest and leans towards that side)
```
150
How to Ausc the lungs?
| Where is the R middle lobe?
*Be able to tell them which lobes you are ausc.
Right middle lobe is directly across from heart. Note that the R inferior lobe is more lateral and slightly inferior to middle lobe.
151
Flat Sound with Percussion indicates?
Tumor or Atelectasis (Collapse)
152
Dull Sound with Percussion indicates?
Fluid; Pneumonia
153
Resonant Sound with Percussion indicates?
Normal; But can occur with Bronchitis/laryngitis
154
Hyper-resonant Sound with Percussion indicates?
Air trapping; COPD
155
Respiratory Excursion performed where/how?
At T10 with both hands
156
Decreased B/L Respiratory excursion could indicate?
Emphysema, AS
157
Decreased U/L Respiratory excursion could indicate?
Pneumothorax
158
Rhonchi vs Rales/wheezing/Crackling
```
Rhonchi = Fluid in larger airways
Rales/wheezing/Crackling = Fluid in SMALLER airways
```
159
Whispered pecteriloquay looks for?
Fluid
160
What is Stridor and what is Tx?
Tx = ER
High pitched whistling sound (Crowing), often heard wo stethescope.
Indicates: Upper airway obstruction.
161
What does Rhonchi sound like?
Low pitched rattle that resembles snoring
162
What does Rales sound like?
Low pitched velcro sound; Crackly; Crackles and Rales are the same thing (Sort of). Rales are crackles occuring LATE in the inspiration cycle.
163
Prolonged inspiration indicates?
CHF
164
Prolonged expiration indicates?
COPD
165
Bacterial Vs Viral: Chills indicate?
Virus; Fever goes up and down often.
166
Bacterial Vs Viral: Night Sweats indicate?
Bacterial
167
Bacterial Vs Viral: What would auscultation reveal for each?
```
Viral = Clear/Normal
Bacterial = Rales, Wheezing, Voice changes
```
168
Bacterial Vs Viral: Neutrophils and lymphocytes. Which are elevated and which are decreased for each condition?
```
Viral = DEC Neutrophils; INC Lymphocytes; WBC 5000 - 10000.
Bacterial = INC Neutrophils; WBC 10k+, (Schilling shift)
```
169
Opportunistic infections causes:
Pneumocystic Carnii =caused by what AI dx?
Klebsella pneumonia =caused by what AI dx?
Pneumocystic Carnii = AIDs
| Klebsella pneumonia = Alcohol
170
TB describe Xray finding progression
Ghon lesions develop from healing lymph tissue.
171
What is a Ranke Complex
From healing Primary TB.
| Ghon lesion and Fingernail calcifications
172
Milliary TB. Primary or secondary TB?
Secondary
173
What diagnostic test is used to determine primary or secondary TB?
XRay
174
Name 2 Screening tests for TB and describe them?
Mantoux = More commonly used
Tine
Both Use Tuberculin injection; Size of resulting lesion measured
175
XRay: Widening of the Mediastinum indicates?
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
176
What is Cachexia?
Weakening and Wastin of the body due to illness; Occurs with Cancer and eating disorders.
177
Chronic un-productive cough could indicate?
Lung Cancer
178
Causes of Stridor?
Pertusses, Croup, Epiglotitis, Aspiration of an object.
| Upper airway obstruction
179
Crackling heard in late inspiration indicates?
Rales
180
Crackling heard in late inspiration indicates?
Rales; Occurs in Bronchiectasis, Pul. Edema, Asthma, Bronchitis
181
Rales are best heard at what part of the lung
Base
182
Rales are sounds that cant be cleared by coughing
But posture and deep breaths may clear it
183
Name of normal breath sounds heard over small airways?
Vesicular
184
Crackles heard at start of inspiration is characteristic of what dx?
COPD or emphysema = air trapping. Air can get in (a bit) but cant get out easily.
185
Bronchiectasis: Chronic bronchiole thickening and fibrosis from chronic inflamm and infections
SS of Bronchiectasis?
Abnormal breath sounds, Chronic bad breath, Recurrent respiratory infections with green/yellow sputum, chronic coughing, SOB
186
What is Bronchiectasis?
Thickening of the bronchioles
187
Pleurisy/Pluritis of lung. Causes (Plural)?
Flu or pneumonia OR Pul. Embolism
| Cause: Inflamm of the lung tissue.
188
Symptoms of Pleurisy?
Sudden onset. PT leans towards side of lesion to decrease pain. PT may hold their side. Fever MBS if cause is infection.
189
XRay findings of Pleurisy?
NONE
190
XRAY findings of COPD/Emphysema?
Barrel chest: Horizontal ribs w/ INC space BTW ribs.
Narrow mediastinum
Flattening of B/L diaphrams because increasing lung sizes.
191
Widdening of mediastinum indicates
Hodgkins
192
XRAY findings of Lobar pneumonia?
Silhouette sign
193
Describe Silhouette sign?
Blurring of the borders of the heart due to fluid buildup in bronchioles
194
Cause of Silhouette sign?
Pneumonia (Lobar)
195
Describe Meniscus sign? Indicates?
Occurs in late Plural effusion. Significant sign. Indicates plural effusion; Fluid accumulation (Outside the lungs)!!
196
Describe XRAY findings in both Plural effusion and Pul. edema?
Early findings appear the same: Fluid covering costophrenic angles.
Late Plural effusion = occurs w meniscus sign; fluid outside the lungs
Pul. Edema = occurs w/ CHF; Kerley B Lines
197
Characteristic XRAY finding of late Plural effusion?
Meniscus sign
198
Pul edema occurs in CHF. Is the fluid inside or outside the lungs? Name another characterisitc XRAY finding?
Inside the lungs; Kerely B lines
199
XRAY finding of Kerely B lines occur in what Dx?
CHF; Pul edema
