Pathology

Question 1

The most common type of pathological tachycardia is

Answer 1

Supraventricular tachycardia

Question 2

With Tricuspid Atresia where is the pulmonary artery in relation to the aorta

Answer 2

Anterior and to the left

Question 3

Tricuspid atresia is classified into 3 types based on

Answer 3

The relation of the great arteries

Question 4

The most common morphologic variant of the tricupid valve associated with tricuspid Atresia is

Answer 4

Muscular atresia of the right atrial floor

Question 5

The most common great artery relationship in tricuspid valve atresia is

Answer 5

Type 1
Normally related great arteries

Question 6

Atrial septal defects constitute what % of all CHD’s

Answer 6

6.7%

Question 7

Of all newborns with a CHD what % have AO stenosis

Answer 7

3-6%

Question 8

What type of ASD generally occurs as part of a more complex type of CHD such as an AVSD defect

Answer 8

Ostium primum

Question 9

What type of interrupted AO arch is commonly associated with a VSD

Answer 9

Type B

Question 10

What cardiac lesion is most common in a fetus with DORV

Answer 10

VSD

Question 11

This CHD results from the failure of the endocardial cushions to fuse properly

Answer 11

AVSD

Question 12

In D transposition of the great arteries the AO is connected to the

Answer 12

Right ventricle

Question 13

In L transposition (living) of the great arteries the Ao is connected to the _________ and the ventricles are ______.

Answer 13

The aorta is connected to the morphologic right ventricle

And the ventricles are inverted

Question 14

With D transposition of the great arteries, postnatal circulation is best described as

Answer 14

Parallel

D aka death if no surgery

Question 15

With L- transposition of the great arteries post natal circulation is best described as in

Answer 15

Series

Aka living

Question 16

Which form of interrupted AO arch is most common

Answer 16

Type B

Question 17

The DORV associated with TOF the great vessel relationship is

Answer 17

Normally related great vessels

Question 18

Coarctation of the AO is found in 70% of patients with

Answer 18

HLHS

Question 19

Of all infants born with CHD what % of the infants will have abnormal karotype ?

Answer 19

13%

Question 20

Incidence of abnormal karotype in the fetus with CHD has been reported to be approx

Answer 20

35%

Question 21

Fetus diagnosed with CHD during a routine ultrasound exam the risk that the fetus has an extra cardiac defect is

Answer 21

25-45%

Question 22

Risk of a CHD with situs inversus with extreme levocardia is nearly

Answer 22

100%

Question 23

Cardiomyopathies account for ____ % of all heart disease in live born patients

Answer 23

2%

Question 24

What % of CHD is associated with trisomy 21

Answer 24

50%

Question 25

ASD’s constitute for % of all CHD’s

Answer 25

6.7%

Question 26

Duodenal atresia is associated with CHD in what % of cases

Answer 26

17.1%

Question 27

Univentricle heart accounts for ____% of all CHD’s

Answer 27

1.3%

Question 28

When truncus arteriosus is diagnosed the association with the following syndrome occurs in 21% of all cases

Answer 28

Di George

Question 29

4ch view will be abnormal in what % in detecting CHD’s

Answer 29

40-57%

Question 30

Normal measurement range for pulmonic valve

Answer 30

5.0-7.0 mm

Question 31

Placental oxygen saturation after the blood has circulated through the fetus and back to placenta via umbilical arteries is ___%

Answer 31

58%

Question 32

Blood flow into fetus from placenta is ___%

Answer 32

85%

Question 33

To access a valve for STENOSIS the PWD should be placed ______to valve

Answer 33

Distal

Question 34

To access for INSUFFICIENCY of the valve the PWD cursor should be placed _______ to valve

Answer 34

Proximal

Question 35

Tricuspid atresia is commonly associated with what maternal infection

Answer 35

Rubella

Question 36

Most common ASD

Answer 36

Ostium secundum

Question 37

Most severe ASD

Answer 37

Common

Question 38

ASD that generally occurs as part of a more complex type of CHD

Answer 38

Ostium primum

Question 39

A combination of subpulmonic VSD with side by side great vessels like TGA postnatally

Answer 39

Classic Taussig Bing heart

Question 40

IVC seen anterior to AO in 4Ch view is suggestive of

Answer 40

Asplenia Ivemark Syndrome Right atrial isomerisum

Question 41

Sinus venous ASD defect always seen in

Answer 41

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return

Question 42

In TAPVR what is most likely always seen

Answer 42

ASD

Question 43

1st sign of TAPVR

Answer 43

Enlarged RT vent Prominent pulmonary artery Rt to Left shunting

Question 44

Normal Ao isthmus diameter

Answer 44

3.6 mm

Question 45

SVT is associated with

Answer 45

Ebstein’s anomaly

Question 46

What septal defect is commonly seen with Holt Orm syndrome

Answer 46

ASD

Question 47

Heart lesion associated with abnormal targeted growth

Answer 47

Polysplenia

Question 48

The heart lesion most commonly seen with exposure to teratogens is

Answer 48

TOF

Question 49

Fetal organs properly arranged but heart is in right chest the risk of fetal heart defect is

Answer 49

95%

Question 50

Maternal DIgoxin therapy is used to manage

Answer 50

SVT with no signs of hydrops or decompensation

Question 51

Absent pulmonic valve syndrome causes

Answer 51

Massive distention of PA and branches

Question 52

Drug used to treat pre term delivery

Answer 52

Indomethacin Can cause constriction of DA if used for long period of time