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GI and Hematology > Pathology > Flashcards

Pathology Flashcards

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1
Q

adenocarcinoma vs squamous carcinoma

A

glandular epithelial origin vs squamous epithelial origin

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2
Q
  • oma
A

benign (except moving stuff, ex. lymphoma, terratoma, melanoma)

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3
Q

acetaminophen overdose

A

liver failure, kills liver cells

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4
Q

acinus

A

: any of the small sacs terminating the ducts of some exocrine glands and lined with secretory cells

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5
Q

anaplastic (anaplasia)

A

markedly pleomorphic, dark (hyperchromatic)and large nuclei

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6
Q

antrum

A

lower level of stomach

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7
Q

apoptosis

A

controlled cell death (does not work in cancerous cells)

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8
Q

appendix

A

vestigial, stasis of content can lead to infection, contains lymphoid tissue - some believe it has an immune function (could be just because it gets exposed to stuff when young, tends to atrophy with age)

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9
Q

cancer

A

malignant neoplasm

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10
Q

cancer classification

A

carcinoma - epithelial

sarcoma - mesencymal

lymphoma - hematopoietic

seminoma - germ cells

melanoma - melanocytes

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11
Q

carcinoma

A

malignant

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12
Q

celiac

A

atrophy to villi in the small colon

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13
Q

colon

A

more goblet cells, vs absorptive cells

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14
Q

columnar mucosa

A

tall, narrow epithelial cells

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15
Q

dysplasia

A

change in growth, varying degrees of atypia, preneoplastic, may be reversible, confined to a tissue layer

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16
Q

dysplasia grading

A

now - low/high, before - mild/medium/?

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17
Q

etiology

A

cause of the disease

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18
Q

exocrine

A

producing, being, or relating to a secretion that is released outside its source <exocrine>
</exocrine>

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19
Q

fundus

A

roof of stomach

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20
Q

gastrin

A

produced in antrum, stimulates acid production in the parietal cells

21
Q

glands

A

inner lumen surrounded by epithelium

22
Q

goblet cell

A

mucus secreting epithelial cell in the small intestine

23
Q

hepatocyte

A

liver cell

24
Q

hyperchromasia

A

abundance of DNA in nucleus stains darkly

25
Q

malanocytic nevi

A

moles?

26
Q

malignant vs. benign (under the scope)

A

necrosis, local spread, metastatic spread, infiltrative margins vs. circumscribed margins, looks foreign tissue

27
Q

metaplasia

A

reversible cell change where mature cells change from one tissue type to another

28
Q

morphologic lobule

A

surrounded by three portal tracts and containing a central venule

29
Q

neoplasm

A

new growth (tumour is a loose synonym)

30
Q

nerve plexus

A

lie between muscle layers and innervate muscles to contract peristaltically

31
Q

pancreas location/structure

A

behind stomach, from duodenum to spleen, head, neck, body and duct?

32
Q

pancreatic cells

A

islets of langerhans, acini, ducts (exocrine and endocrine areas)

33
Q

parenchyma (cancer)

A

proliferating neoplastic cells

34
Q

parenchyma vs. stroma

A

functional area of organ (ex. ducts, islets of langerhans) vs stupportive structures (ex. blood vessels, collagen, fat cells)

35
Q

pathogenesis

A

origin and development of a disease

36
Q

pathology

A

knowledge and study of disease

37
Q

pathophysiology

A

: the physiology of abnormal states; specifically : the functional changes that accompany a particular syndrome or disease

38
Q

peritoneum

A

smooth transparent membrane

39
Q

Peyer’s Patch

A

large zones of lymph tissue in the ileum villi

40
Q

pleomorphism

A

cells are not uniform, variation in appearance

41
Q

porta hepatis

A

door to the liver (just below), drains into portal vein

42
Q

portal tract

A

veins, arteries, bile duct - bile flows in, blood flows in and out

43
Q

portal vein

A

draining from the stomach and liver and delivers to another area

44
Q

salivary system

A

cells (zymogen granules) with lumen communicate with ducts, communicate with spaces in mouth

45
Q

squamous

A

scale-like epithelial cells

46
Q

tongue epithelia

A

has some keratin to protect surface of tongue

47
Q

villus

A

epithelium with solid core inside (collagen, blood vessels, etc)

48
Q
A

GI and Hematology (9 decks)

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