Pathology

Question 1

adenocarcinoma vs squamous carcinoma

Answer 1

glandular epithelial origin vs squamous epithelial origin

Question 2

• oma

Answer 2

benign (except moving stuff, ex. lymphoma, terratoma, melanoma)

Question 3

acetaminophen overdose

Answer 3

liver failure, kills liver cells

Question 4

acinus

Answer 4

: any of the small sacs terminating the ducts of some exocrine glands and lined with secretory cells

Question 5

anaplastic (anaplasia)

Answer 5

markedly pleomorphic, dark (hyperchromatic)and large nuclei

Question 6

antrum

Answer 6

lower level of stomach

Question 7

apoptosis

Answer 7

controlled cell death (does not work in cancerous cells)

Question 8

appendix

Answer 8

vestigial, stasis of content can lead to infection, contains lymphoid tissue - some believe it has an immune function (could be just because it gets exposed to stuff when young, tends to atrophy with age)

Question 9

cancer

Answer 9

malignant neoplasm

Question 10

cancer classification

Answer 10

carcinoma - epithelial

sarcoma - mesencymal

lymphoma - hematopoietic

seminoma - germ cells

melanoma - melanocytes

Question 11

carcinoma

Answer 11

malignant

Question 12

celiac

Answer 12

atrophy to villi in the small colon

Question 13

colon

Answer 13

more goblet cells, vs absorptive cells

Question 14

columnar mucosa

Answer 14

tall, narrow epithelial cells

Question 15

dysplasia

Answer 15

change in growth, varying degrees of atypia, preneoplastic, may be reversible, confined to a tissue layer

Question 16

dysplasia grading

Answer 16

now - low/high, before - mild/medium/?

Question 17

etiology

Answer 17

cause of the disease

Question 18

exocrine

Answer 18

producing, being, or relating to a secretion that is released outside its source <exocrine>
</exocrine>

Question 19

fundus

Answer 19

roof of stomach

Question 20

gastrin

Answer 20

produced in antrum, stimulates acid production in the parietal cells

Question 21

glands

Answer 21

inner lumen surrounded by epithelium

Question 22

goblet cell

Answer 22

mucus secreting epithelial cell in the small intestine

Question 23

hepatocyte

Answer 23

liver cell

Question 24

hyperchromasia

Answer 24

abundance of DNA in nucleus stains darkly

Question 25

malanocytic nevi

Answer 25

moles?

Question 26

malignant vs. benign (under the scope)

Answer 26

necrosis, local spread, metastatic spread, infiltrative margins vs. circumscribed margins, looks foreign tissue

Question 27

metaplasia

Answer 27

reversible cell change where mature cells change from one tissue type to another

Question 28

## Footnote morphologic lobule

Answer 28

## Footnote surrounded by three portal tracts and containing a central venule

Question 29

neoplasm

Answer 29

new growth (tumour is a loose synonym)

Question 30

## Footnote nerve plexus

Answer 30

## Footnote lie between muscle layers and innervate muscles to contract peristaltically

Question 31

## Footnote pancreas location/structure

Answer 31

## Footnote behind stomach, from duodenum to spleen, head, neck, body and duct?

Question 32

## Footnote pancreatic cells

Answer 32

## Footnote islets of langerhans, acini, ducts (exocrine and endocrine areas)

Question 33

parenchyma (cancer)

Answer 33

proliferating neoplastic cells

Question 34

## Footnote parenchyma vs. stroma

Answer 34

## Footnote functional area of organ (ex. ducts, islets of langerhans) vs stupportive structures (ex. blood vessels, collagen, fat cells)

Question 35

## Footnote pathogenesis

Answer 35

## Footnote origin and development of a disease

Question 36

## Footnote pathology

Answer 36

## Footnote knowledge and study of disease

Question 37

pathophysiology

Answer 37

: the physiology of abnormal states; specifically : the functional changes that accompany a particular syndrome or disease

Question 38

## Footnote peritoneum

Answer 38

## Footnote smooth transparent membrane

Question 39

## Footnote Peyer's Patch

Answer 39

## Footnote large zones of lymph tissue in the ileum villi

Question 40

pleomorphism

Answer 40

cells are not uniform, variation in appearance

Question 41

## Footnote porta hepatis

Answer 41

## Footnote door to the liver (just below), drains into portal vein

Question 42

## Footnote portal tract

Answer 42

## Footnote veins, arteries, bile duct - bile flows in, blood flows in and out

Question 43

## Footnote portal vein

Answer 43

## Footnote draining from the stomach and liver and delivers to another area

Question 44

## Footnote salivary system

Answer 44

## Footnote cells (zymogen granules) with lumen communicate with ducts, communicate with spaces in mouth

Question 45

## Footnote squamous

Answer 45

## Footnote scale-like epithelial cells

Question 46

## Footnote tongue epithelia

Answer 46

## Footnote has some keratin to protect surface of tongue

Question 47

## Footnote villus

Answer 47

## Footnote epithelium with solid core inside (collagen, blood vessels, etc)