Pathology Of The Skeletal System Flashcards
What is Ankylosis?
the loss or absence of mobility in a joint due to disease, injury, or a surgical procedure(ankyl means crooked, bent, or stiff, and -osis means abnormal condition or disease).
what does mobility mean?
mobility means being capable of movement.
what is adhesive capsulitis?
also known as…
also known as frozen shoulder, is painful ankylosis of the shoulder (capsul means little box, -itis means inflammation).
what is adhesive capsulitis cause by?
adhesions forming in the synovial capsule surrounding the shoulder, making the joint become thicker and tighter.
what is arthrosclerosis?
stiffness of the joints, especially in the elderly (arthr/o means joint, and -sclerosis means abnormal hardening).
what is a baker’s cyst?
also known as…
also known as a popliteal cyst, is a fluid-filled sac behind the knee. Usually results from a condition such as rheumatoid arthritis triggering the production of excess synovial fluid.
Condition is named after british surgeon william baker.
what is bursitis? (hurts like hell)
is an inflammation of the bursa (burs means bursa, and -itis means inflammation).
What is Chondromalacia?
the abnormal softening of cartilage (chondr/o mean cartilage, and -malacia means abnormal softening).
What is Costochondritis?
an inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum (cost/o means rib, chondr means cartilage, and -itis means inflammation).
What is Hallux valgus?
also known as a..
also known as a bunion, is an abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe (hallux is latin for big toe, and valgus means bent).
What is Hemarthrosis?
is blood within a joint (hem means blood, arthr means joint, and -osis means abnormal condition or disease). This condition is frequently due to a joint injury. It also can occur spontaneously in patients taking bloodthinning medications or those having a blood clotting disorder such as hemophilia.
What is Polymyalgia rheumatica? (PMR)
is an inflammatory disorder of the muscles and joints characterized by pain and stiffness in the neck, shoulders, upper arms, and hips and thighs (poly- means many, my means muscle,and -algia means pain)
Rheumatica is the Latin word for rheumatism, an obsolete term for arthritis and other disorders causing pain in the joints and supporting tissue.
What is a sprain?
a sprain ocurs when a ligament that connects bones to a joint is wrenched or torn.
what is synovitis?
synovitis is inflammation of the synovial membrane that results in swelling and pain of the affected joint (synov means synovial membrane, and -itis means inflammation). This condition can be caused by arthritis, trauma, infection, or irritation produced by damaged cartilage.
what is dislocation?
also known as..
dislocation, also known as luxation, is the total displacement of a bone from its joint.
