Patterns of Descent with Modification Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is the evolutionary mechanism of species that produces change in the genetic code of organisms?
Descent with Modification
Every population consist of individuals that are different or slightly different from other species which creates variation. What is genetic variation?
Is a term that describes the variation in the DNA sequence and it makes species unique from each other.
What is the difference between Population and Community?
POPULATION is the distinct group of individuals, whether a group of nation or individuals that possess common characteristic whereas COMMUNITY, all the organisms living in the same area, or group of species that shares common interest.
What are the 3 mechanisms affecting Descendants Modification?
Selection, Speciation, Genetic Drift
What is the definition of Selection and its two types?
It is a process whereby organisms adapt to their environment to survive and reproduce, while those less adapted fail to do so. It has two types which are Natural and Artificial Selection.
What is the biological theory that explains why organisms seem to match their environmental niches so well?
Natural Selection - the process that brings about adaptation and evolution. If an individual is fit, they will survive and reproduce.
Artificial Selection is the process of intentional or unintentional modifications of a species through human actions which encourage the breeding of certain traits over others. What are its two types?
Inbreeding and Outbreeding
What is Inbreeding?
The breeding of closely related individuals whether plants or animals which produces high diversity but less variation among species.
What is the definition of Outbreeding?
The mating between unrelated or distantly related individuals of a species which increases diversity and variation and promotes heterozygosity.
True or False. Pure breeding means inbreeding.
True
What is the process of formation of new species from existing species?
Speciation
What speciation occurs even though the two groups are still living in the same area?
Sympatric Speciation
What are the two types of Speciation?
Allopatric and Sympatric Speciation
What speciation occurs because a given group has been separated from the parent group, usually because of a geographic separation as time goes by?
Allopatric Speciation
What speciation occurs though the two groups are still living in the same area?
Sympatric Speciation
What is Genetic Drift?
Are events that change allele frequency and leads to change in the genetic composition of a small breeding population.
What are the two types of Genetic Drift?
Founder’s effect and Bottleneck effect
What is the Founder’s effect?
It is when part of the population immigrated to and colonized a new area.
What is the Bottleneck effect?
It is when a disaster happens leaving few survivors from an original population.
