Patterns of inheritance 6.2

Question 1

Continuous variation

Answer 1

Individuals in population vary within range
Numbers specific numbers

Question 2

discontinuous variation

Answer 2

When there’s two more distinct categories

Question 3

variation can be influenced by

Answer 3

Environment
GENES

Question 4

Codominant

Answer 4

Alleles that are both expressed in the phenotype
Both are dominant

Question 5

LOCUS

Answer 5

The fixed position of a gene on a chromosome
Alleles are found at the same locus on each each chromosome in a pair

Question 6

homozygote

Answer 6

Organism that carries two copies of the same allELE

Question 7

HETEROZYGOTE

Answer 7

Organism that carries two different audios

Question 8

GENE

Answer 8

Set a sequence of bases on DNA that codes for protein which results in a characteristic

Question 9

ALLELE

Answer 9

A different version of a gene

Question 10

monogenic cross - RR x rr

Answer 10

3:1

Question 11

dihybrid cross. - RRYY x rryy

Answer 11

9:3:3:1

Question 12

Codominant cross - both homozygous

Answer 12

1:2:1

Question 13

sex linked genes are mainly carries on the

Answer 13

x chromosome because it longer than y

Question 14

Autosomal genes

Answer 14

chromosomes which arent sex linked

Question 15

genes on the same autosome are linked

Answer 15

On the same autosome, so they’ll stay together during independent assortment
Alleles are passed on to offspring

Question 16

epistatic gene

Answer 16

The allele of the epistatic gene mask the expression of the alleles on other genes

Question 17

genotype

Answer 17

alleles of a gene possessed
by that individua

Question 18

phenotype

Answer 18

observable characteristics of an organism

Question 19

speciation

Answer 19

splitting of a genetically similar population, into two or more populations that undergo genetic differentiation and eventually reproductive, isolation, leading to the evolution of two or more new species

Question 20

allopatric speciation

Answer 20

Information of two different species from one original species due to geographical isolation

Question 21

Sympatric speciation

Answer 21

formation of two different species from one original species due to reproductive isolation, while the populations inhabit the same geographical location

Question 22

Stabilising selection

Answer 22

Occurs when the organisms environment remains unchanged the intermediate phenotypes are favoured and extreme phenotypes are selected against.

Question 23

Directional selection

Answer 23

A type of natural selection that occurs when an environmental change favours a new phenotype and results in a change in the population mean

Question 24

disruptive selection

Answer 24

Favours the extreme phenotype, and the intermediate phenotype is selected against

Question 25

Genetic drift

Answer 25

when probability affects which individuals in a population survive, breeding pass on their genes, and not the environmental selection pressures

Occurs when there is a gradual change in a little frequency in a small population due to chance

Question 26

Genetic bottleneck

Answer 26

when a large population suffers a dramatic fall in numbers, due to a major event occurring reducing the genetic diversity, so the alleles are lost