What are the three types of navigation systems in the aircraft?
1) Radio Navigation System (RNS)
2) GPS Landing System Sensor Unit (GLSSU)
3) Inertial Reference System (IRS)
What are the navigation related cockpit controls?
- Heads Up Display (HUD)
- Up Front Control Panel (UFCP)
- Primary Flight Display
- SFD
- MFDs
- FMS
What requirements does the navigation system satisfy?
- Military navigation requirements
- Civil route flying navigation requirements
- Precision and non precision approach guidance
What does the radio navigation system provide the aircrew?
An awareness of the aircraft position to ground and air based beacons.
What are the components of the radio navigation system?
- Dual VHF VOR and ILS
- Four channel TACAN/DME transceiver
- TACAN/DME antennas, located in lower and upper part of the fuselage
- VOR/ILS antennas are located near the leading edge of the tail fin
What are VOR1 and ILS1 referred to as?
NAV 1
What are VOR 2 and ILS 2 referred to as?
NAV 2
How is NAV 1 powered?
From BATT BUS
How is the TACAN unit powered?
From BATT BUS
How is the NAV 2 receiver powered?
GEN 1 BUS
Where is the selected navigation source displayed? What are the 3 possible aids ?
PFD
- ILS
- VOR
- TCN
What is the primary control of the VOR/ILS frequencies and volume settings?
The mission computer through the UFCP
What is the secondary control of the VOR/ILS frequencies and volume?
Through the FMS
What switch displays the UFCP ILS page ?
ILS MMS key on the UFCP
What does radio function key on FMS display?
Displays NAV1 and NAV2 frequencies on the FMS and allows them to be changed.
What do the cyan frequencies on the FMS mean?
Selected frequencies are in cyan
What do green frequencies on the FMS mean?
Standby frequencies
What does FMS NAV page allow for?
Control of the active frequencies
What parameters does the DME function provide?
- Range
- Time to go
- Ident audio signal
What does the TACAN A-G mode provide?
- Bearing
- Range
- Time to to
- Ident signal
What does the TACAN A-A mode provide?
Only provides the range to the nearest A-A TACAN
To have range information for A-A, what must the other aircraft select?
A frequency code which is 63 channels apart on the same channel band.
- For example, if aircraft A IS 29X , aircraft B would be 92 X
What does the TACAN RCV mode provide?
Only bearing information to the ground station.
What does the UFCP TACAN scratchpad display?
The active channel, the TACAN ident and the selected mode , Standby Chanel on the right
What type of gyro is in the IRS?
Laser ring gyro
What is the main component of the IRS?
Inertial Reference Unit (IRU)
What is the IRS the primary sensor and supplier of?
- Attitude (Pitch and Roll)
- Direction
- Accelerations
- Velocities
- Present Position (PP)
What is raw inertial position dat blended with to provide hybrid long term navigation accuracy?
GPS
What is the accuracy of the IRS as a stand alone system?
2.0 NM/h for sorties up to 10 hours
When does the IRU alignment begin ?
- Automatically at power up
- When it receives an IRS reset command.
How long does the IRU alignment take when the aircraft is stationary?
Between 5 and 17 mins
What will the IRU do if it sense motion and is doing its alignment?
It will half the alignment until the aircraft once again rests.
How is the IRU powered?
From the GEN 1 BUS and the BATT BUS
What occurs if the GEN 1 BUS voltage drops below 18 V DC?
The IRU automatically switches to the BATT BUS
- If GEN 1 BUS goes back to 19VDC it will switch back to GEN 1 BUS
What does the IRS receive inputs from?
- Air Data Computer (ADC)
- Mission Computer
- GLSSU
- Flight Management System (FMS)
Which systems does the IRS output data to?
- PFD
- FMS
- MC
- FCMC
- GLSSU
- TPDR
- HSG
- HUMS
- FGC
What are the IRS displays and controls?
- UFCP
- FMS
- MFD
What IRS data is displayed on the PFD?
- ATTITUDE
- Slip
- Rate of turn
- Heading
- Wind
- Groundspeed
- G load
How many GLSSUs does the PC-21 have?
Two
How is GLSSU 1 powered?
From the BATT BUS
How is GLSSU 2 powered?
From the GEN 1 BUS
What is the default scale for Compass rose radius on MFD NAV page? What can is go up and down to?
20 NM
- Can go down to 0.5 NM and up to 160 NM
What does the CTR key control?
Controls 3 modes:
1) Centred mode
2) Decentered mode
3) North Up mode
What does the ALL soft key give access to?
The POI filter list
How can the pilot select between the PFD HSI modes? What are the three different compass modes?
- Pilot can use the PFD HSI FFK
- Three modes are :
1) Basic Compass Mode
2) CDI Mode
3) Map mode
What is the PFD HSI basic compass mode characterised by?
- No primary NAV source data is available
- only the bearing pointers may be displayed
- NAV FFK and CRS rotary switch are inoperative
What info is is displayed in CDI mode?
- A course pointer and deviation dots are permanently displayed in the middle of the compass rose
- This is in relation to the primary NAV source.
When will CDI Information not be shown when PFD is in HSI mode?
When primary Nav source is VOR or TACAN and the heading mode is set to true
What occurs with CRS rotary switch when the selected NAV source is FMS or MC?
The CRS rotary switch is not operative.
Where is ILS glideslope deviation scale displayed for ILS?
Vertically on the right side of the compass rose.
What information does PFD HSI map mode provide?
- Waypoints and Nav beacons
- FMS and MC routes are displayed when valid
- Laterla déviation scale is displayed permanently at the bottom of the compass rose
Is ILS glideslope displayed on HSI map mode when primary Nav source is the ILS?
Yes.
How many bearing pointers are incorporated into the compass rose?
BP1 and BP2
What colour is BP1?
Green single arrow and inwards pointing arrow
What colour is BP2?
A white double arrow with inwards pointing double arrow.
What colour are VOR, TCN or FMS/MC?
VOR = Green
TCN = white
FMS and MC = Cyan
Are bearing pointers displayed for ILS 1 or ILS 2?
No
How can display format for navigation display be displayed on PFD?
By pressing ARC function key
What does the HDG rotary switch do?
Moves the heading bug around the current rose
What NAV info is displayed on the SFD?
VOR
ILS
What modes are HUD navigation symbology displayed?
Nav en route
Nav approach
When does the HUD show navigation en route symbology ?
With VOR1/2, TCN or FMS.
When is HUD navigation approach symbology shown?
When ILS1 or ILS2 are shown as the NAV source selected on the PFD
What does one dot on the PFD glideslope Vertical deviation scale represent?
0.35 degrees deviation off the glideslope
What does one dot on the lateral deviation scale mean?
1.25 degrees off the inbound track
When is back course mode entered?
When ILS is selected as the primary NAV mode and actual Heading is 100 degrees from the ILS inbound course
What must the primary navigation source be set to on the PFD to conduct an RNaV approach?
FMS
How can the audio monitoring of the NAV aid identification be done?
By pressing ILS key on UFCP and then the N1 or N2 key
In the event of an MC failure what can be used as backup?
FMS
What will occur to MFD and HUD if MC fails?
Only flight and normal navigation symbology will be available on the HUD and the MFD displays will be blank with a Red Cross in them
- NAV Data will still be displayed on the PFD and SFD
