PCOG Tanins

Question 1

Complex polyphenolic compunds

Answer 1

Tanins

Question 2

Hard to isolate
No crystals

Answer 2

Tanins

Question 3

Antimicrobial
Anti diarrheal

Answer 3

Tanins

Question 4

Components of Universal Antidote

Answer 4

Activated Charcoal
Magnessium Oxide
Tannic Acid

Question 5

Two types of tannins

Answer 5

Nonhydrolyzable
Hydrolyzable/True tanins

Question 6

What yields positive and negative in Goldbeater skin test.

Answer 6

+True tannins
-Pseudotannins

Question 7

Flavonoids

Answer 7

Non hydrolyzable

Question 8

Calvin Cycle

Answer 8

Needs the light reactions

Question 9

Bluish black

Answer 9

Hydorolizable

Question 10

Greenish black

Answer 10

Condensed tannins

Question 11

Goldbeaters skin test procedure

Answer 11

Soak a small piece of goldbeaters skin in 2% HCl rinse with D.H20 and place in soln to be tested for 5 min. Wash with D.h20 and transfer to a 1% soln of FeSo4

Question 12

Positive result of goldbeater skin test

Answer 12

Brown or black on the skin denotes the presence of tannins

Question 13

Definition of goldbeaters skin test

Answer 13

Is a membrane prepared from the intestine of ox and behaves simmilarly to an untanned hidd

Question 14

2 types of true tannins

Answer 14

Hydrolysable and non-hydrolysable

Question 15

Hyrolysable tannins are

Answer 15

Ester of sugars and phenolic compounds

Question 16

Hydrolysable tannins on heating with Hydrochloric or sulphuric acids yield

Answer 16

Gallic acid or Ellagic acid

Question 17

Examples of hydrolysable tannins

Answer 17

Myrobalan
Bahera
Witch hazel

Question 18

terminalia chebula
Combretaceae

Answer 18

Myrobalan

Question 19

Terminalia belerica
Combretaceae

Answer 19

Bahera

Question 20

Hamamelidaceae

Answer 20

Witch hazel

Question 21

Gallic acid tannins

Answer 21

Gallotanins

Question 22

Ellagic acid

Answer 22

Ellagitannins

Question 23

Sources of gallotanins

Answer 23

Rhubarb
Gall
Clove

Question 24

Ellagitanins
Sources

Answer 24

Pomegranate
Eucalyptus

Question 25

Hydrolysable tannins on dry distillation are converted to

Answer 25

Pyrogallol derivatives

Question 26

Physical properties of hydrolysable tannins

Answer 26

Soluble in water

Question 27

Hydrolysable tannins produces blue color with

Answer 27

Ferric chloride

Question 28

Condensed tannins

Answer 28

Proanthocyanidins

Question 29

Consist of flavan-3-ol units linked together by carbon-carbon bonds most often 4-8 4-6

Answer 29

Condensed tannins/ proanthocyanidins

Question 30

Condensed tannins occur due to

Answer 30

Polymerization condensation reactions between flavonoids

Question 31

Condensed polymers include up to

Answer 31

50 monomer units of flavonoids

Question 32

Treatment with acids or enzymes condensed tannins are converted into red insoluble compounds known as

Answer 32

Phlobaphenes

Question 33

Phlobaphenes give red color to many drugs such as

Answer 33

Red cinnamon bark

Question 34

Condensed tannins on dry distillation yield

Answer 34

Catechol derivatives

Question 35

Solubility of condensed tannins

Answer 35

Soluble in water

Question 36

Condensed tannins produce what color with ferric chloride FeCl2

Answer 36

Green color

Question 37

General test for condensed tannins

Answer 37

Match stick test

Question 38

Procedure of match stick test

Answer 38

A match stick is dipped in tannin extract followed by HCl and warmed near a flame it turns in pink in colour

Question 39

Upon hydrolysis of the tannins due to HCl what is formed? Which reacts with the lignin to produce what color?

Answer 39

Phloroglucinol Pink

Question 40

They are compounds of lower molecular weight than true tannins and they do not respond to the goldbeaters skin test

Answer 40

Pseudotannins

Question 41

Solubility of tannins

Answer 41

Soluble in water, dilute alkalis, alcohoils glycerol and acetone But generally sparringly soluble in other organic solvents

Question 42

Tannins produce precipitate in this solutions

Answer 42

Heavy metals alkaloids glycosides and gelatins

Question 43

Tannins acts as? Because of its antiseptic properties

Answer 43

Preservatives

Question 44

Uses of tannins industrially

Answer 44

In leather tanning, ink manufacture

Question 45

Uses of tannins medicinally

Answer 45

Astringent, haemostatic, antidiarrheal, antidote in alkaloid and heavy metals toxicity

Question 46

Uses of tannins in labs

Answer 46

Reagent for detection of proteins alkaloids and heavy metals because of their precipitation

Question 47

SN- witch hazel snapping nut, hazel nut

Answer 47

Hamamelis virginiana Hamamelidaceae

Question 48

Uses of witch hazel

Answer 48

Astringent In hemorrhoidal products Preparations for treating insect bites and stings and even teething prep

Question 49

SN of Nutgalls

Answer 49

From gall wasps Quercus infectoria Fagaceae

Question 50

WASP

Answer 50

Cynips tinctoria Cynpidae

Question 51

Constituents of nutgalls

Answer 51

Principal constituent - tannic acid 50-70% Gallic acid 2-4% Ellagic acid Starch Resin

Question 52

Use of nutgall

Answer 52

Tanning and in the dying industry formerly for manuf of ink Medicinally astringent

Question 53

Tannic acid exposure to moisture and air

Answer 53

Insoluble products

Question 54

SN of black catechu

Answer 54

Heart wood of acacia catechu Acacia chundra Leguminosae

Question 55

uses of black catechu

Answer 55

Astringents Treatment of ulcers Diarrhea And tanning industries

Question 56

Tannic acid/ Gallotannic acid/tannins

Answer 56

Usually obtained from nutgall Powdered galls are extracted with a mixture of ether alcohol water and the liquid separates into 2 layers Aqueous gallotannin Ethereal gallic acid Gallotanin is evaporated and the tannin purified in various ways

Question 57

Composition of tannin tannic acid gallotannic acid

Answer 57

Not a single homogenous compound but is a mixture of esters of gallic acid with glucose whose exact composition varies according to its source

Question 58

Description of tannic acid gallotanic acid tannin

Answer 58

Occurs as amorphous powder, glistening scales or spongy masses that are light brown to yellowish white

Question 59

Common use of tannic acid

Answer 59

Astringent

Question 60

Chinese galls

Answer 60

Rhus chinensis Anacardiaceae

Question 61

Melaphis chinensis

Answer 61

Pemphigidae

Question 62

Aphids

Answer 62

Plant lice