Pe Mock Paper 1 AI

Question 1

What are the key functions of the skeleton?

Answer 1

• Blood cell production
• Mineral storage
• Protection of vital organs
• Muscle attachment
• Formation of joints for movement

Each function plays a crucial role in physical activity and performance.

Question 2

Which type of blood cell helps with clotting?

Answer 2

Platelets

Platelets are essential for preventing excessive bleeding when injuries occur.

Question 3

What do red blood cells do?

Answer 3

Transport oxygen to working muscles

This function is vital for endurance and overall physical performance.

Question 4

What is stored in bones to help strengthen them?

Answer 4

Calcium and phosphorus

These minerals contribute to bone density and health.

Question 5

How does the skeleton protect vital organs?

Answer 5

By providing a hard structure over the organs

For example, the skull protects the brain.

Question 6

What role do bones play in movement?

Answer 6

• Provide a place for muscle attachment
• Act as levers

Muscles contract to pull bones, allowing movement at joints.

Question 7

True or False: The skeletal system produces red blood cells.

Answer 7

True

Red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow, which is part of the skeletal system.

Question 8

Fill in the blank: The skeletal system protects _____ organs.

Answer 8

[vital]

It’s important to specify ‘vital’ to highlight the significance of the organs being protected.

Question 9

Give an example of how the skeleton aids movement.

Answer 9

A tennis player with longer levers generates more force on a serve

This example illustrates how bone structure can enhance physical performance.

Question 10

What happens when muscles contract?

Answer 10

They pull the bones to cause movement

This action occurs at the joints of the skeleton.

Question 11

What is the primary function of long bones?

Answer 11

Aid movement by working as levers

Long bones include the humerus and femur, which help increase the pace of the ball when kicked.

Question 12

Name two examples of long bones.

Answer 12

• Humerus
• Femur

Question 13

What is the primary function of flat bones?

Answer 13

Provide protection and a broad surface for muscle attachment

The cranium protects the brain, while the ribs and scapula provide attachment points for muscles.

Question 14

Name three examples of flat bones.

Answer 14

• Cranium
• Ribs
• Scapula

Question 15

Which type of bone is the ulna?

Answer 15

B Long bone

Question 16

What is the primary function of short bones?

Answer 16

Weight bearing

Short bones include the carpals and tarsals, which support body weight in various activities.

Question 17

Name two examples of short bones.

Answer 17

• Carpals
• Tarsals

Question 18

What is the primary function of irregular bones?

Answer 18

Provide protection and a place for muscle attachment

Irregular bones include the vertebrae, which allow for flexibility and movement.

Question 19

Name an example of an irregular bone.

Answer 19

Vertebrae

Question 20

How do muscles attached to the vertebrae benefit a hockey player?

Answer 20

Allow the player to bend their back low to dribble a ball

Question 21

What does the skeleton provide?

Answer 21

A framework for muscle attachment to enable movement

The skeleton’s structure is critical for physical activity.

Question 22

What should you consider when identifying a bone’s classification?

Answer 22

The shape of the bone

Question 23

Explain how the bone type at the wrist allows the gymnast to perform a position.

Answer 23

Identify the bone type you are explaining

The wrist consists of short bones that allow for flexibility and support in various gymnastic positions.

Question 24

What is the skeleton made up of?

Answer 24

Many bones

Make sure to know the names and locations of the bones.

Question 25

What is the primary function of the skeleton?

Answer 25

Provides a framework for muscle attachment and enables movement for physical activity.

Question 26

List three bones located in the upper body.

Answer 26

* Cranium * Clavicle * Humerus

Question 27

What is a good method to remember the names and locations of bones?

Answer 27

Practise by labelling blank diagrams of the skeleton.

Question 28

Identify the bone located near the thumb.

Answer 28

Radius

Question 29

What are the five regions of the vertebral column?

Answer 29

* Cervical * Thoracic * Lumbar * Sacrum * Coccyx

Question 30

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the bone that is near the thumb.

Answer 30

Radius

Question 31

Identify bones A and B: A: _______ , B: _______.

Answer 31

A: Radius, B: Humerus

Question 32

State two bones located in the hand that help hold a ball.

Answer 32

* Metacarpals * Phalanges

Question 33

What is the role of the scapula in the skeleton?

Answer 33

Muscle attachment

Question 34

True or False: The tibia is part of the vertebral column.

Answer 34

False

Question 35

What are the bones in the lower leg?

Answer 35

* Tibia * Fibula

Question 36

Fill in the blank: The _______ is the bone located in the knee.

Answer 36

Patella

Question 37

What is the function of carpals in the skeleton?

Answer 37

Form the wrist

Question 38

List the bones in the foot.

Answer 38

* Tarsals * Metatarsals * Phalanges

Question 39

What is the range of movement possible at the knee joint?

Answer 39

Flexion to extension. ## Footnote The knee joint allows movement from bending (flexion) to straightening (extension).

Question 40

What joint actions can occur at ball and socket, hinge, and condyloid joints?

Answer 40

Flexion and extension. ## Footnote These actions involve changing the angle between bones at the joint.

Question 41

What is flexion?

Answer 41

The term given when the angle at a joint decreases. ## Footnote An example is bending the knee when preparing to kick a football.

Question 42

At which types of joints does flexion occur?

Answer 42

Hinge, ball and socket, and condyloid joints. ## Footnote These joints allow for bending movements.

Question 43

What is extension?

Answer 43

The term given when the angle at a joint increases. ## Footnote An example is straightening the leg after kicking a football.

Question 44

At which types of joints does extension occur?

Answer 44

Hinge, ball and socket, and condyloid joints. ## Footnote These joints allow for straightening movements.

Question 45

What happens during flexion at a joint?

Answer 45

The bones forming the joint move closer together. ## Footnote This action decreases the angle between the bones.

Question 46

What happens during extension at a joint?

Answer 46

The bones forming the joint move away from each other. ## Footnote This action increases the angle between the bones.

Question 47

True or False: Flexion and extension can occur simultaneously at a joint.

Answer 47

False. ## Footnote Flexion and extension are opposing actions that cannot occur at the same time.

Question 48

Fill in the blank: The range of movement at a joint is the _______.

Answer 48

whole movement covered. ## Footnote This includes both flexion and extension for a complete understanding of joint movement.

Question 49

What should you avoid confusing with joint action?

Answer 49

Joint type or muscle action. ## Footnote It's important to distinguish between the terms used to describe movements.

Question 50

What is a worked example to identify joint action at the elbow?

Answer 50

Bending the right arm at the elbow. ## Footnote This action involves flexion to bring the forearm closer to the upper arm.

Question 51

What is abduction?

Answer 51

The movement of a limb away from the midline of the body ## Footnote Abduction occurs at ball and socket joints, such as the hip and shoulder.

Question 52

What is adduction?

Answer 52

The movement of a limb towards the midline of the body ## Footnote Adduction occurs at ball and socket joints, such as the hip and shoulder.

Question 53

What is rotation in joint movement?

Answer 53

When the bone at a joint moves around its own axis, making a circular movement ## Footnote Rotation allows for the biggest range of movement and occurs at ball and socket joints.

Question 54

Which joint actions occur at ball and socket joints?

Answer 54

* Abduction * Adduction * Rotation ## Footnote These actions are particularly noted at the hip and shoulder joints.

Question 55

Fill in the blank: Adduction starts with 'add', so it is when a limb is _______ to the midline of the body.

Answer 55

[added]

Question 56

True or False: Rotation allows for the smallest range of movement.

Answer 56

False ## Footnote Rotation allows for the biggest range of movement.

Question 57

What joint action occurs when a ski jumper takes the skis away from the midline of the body?

Answer 57

[Abduction] ## Footnote This action is necessary for achieving the correct position while skiing.

Question 58

What is circumduction?

Answer 58

Movement in a circular motion, allowing 360° of rotation ## Footnote Circumduction occurs at ball and socket joints.

Question 59

What is the significance of the term 'range' in joint movement?

Answer 59

It means to include both the start and finish movement for the action identified ## Footnote This is important for understanding the full extent of joint actions.

Question 60

Identify the joint actions that occur during a star jump.

Answer 60

[Abduction and adduction] ## Footnote A star jump involves moving limbs away from and back towards the midline of the body.

Question 61

What type of joint allows for the largest range of movement?

Answer 61

[Ball and socket joint] ## Footnote Examples include the hip and shoulder joints.

Question 62

What is the joint action defined as movement in the shape of a cone?

Answer 62

Circumduction ## Footnote Circumduction allows for a circular movement at joints, often seen in ball and socket joints like the shoulder.

Question 63

What joint action occurs at the ankle joint when the foot moves downwards?

Answer 63

Plantar-flexion ## Footnote Plantar-flexion is the action of pointing the toes downward, commonly used in activities like gymnastics.

Question 64

What is the movement of the foot upwards towards the shin called?

Answer 64

Dorsi-flexion ## Footnote Dorsi-flexion decreases the angle at the ankle joint, as seen when an athlete jumps over a hurdle.

Question 65

Which type of joint allows for circumduction?

Answer 65

Ball and socket joint ## Footnote An example of circumduction is circling the leg at the hip during a warm-up.

Question 66

Fill in the blank: _______ occurs at the ankle joint when the gymnast points her toes.

Answer 66

Plantar-flexion ## Footnote This joint action enhances the aesthetic appearance of movements in gymnastics.

Question 67

True or False: Dorsi-flexion increases the angle at the ankle joint.

Answer 67

False ## Footnote Dorsi-flexion decreases the angle at the ankle joint by moving the foot upwards.

Question 68

Provide an example of circumduction in physical activity.

Answer 68

Circling the leg at the hip during a warm-up ## Footnote This demonstrates the action of circumduction which involves a conical movement.

Question 69

What is the significance of naming joint actions in physical activity?

Answer 69

It helps in understanding and explaining how movements assist in sports performance ## Footnote Naming joint actions allows for better analysis and application in various physical activities.

Question 70

List three joint actions that are important to know.

Answer 70

* Circumduction * Plantar-flexion * Dorsi-flexion ## Footnote These joint actions are essential for understanding human movement in sports.