Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

glo po > peace & conflict: conflict > Flashcards

peace & conflict: conflict Flashcards

1
Q

just war theory

A

presumes that there are legitimate uses of war but also sets moral boundaries on the waging of war

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

realist: can there be a just war?

A

N/A: war is a political act & needs no justification.
Politics exists outside the scope of ethics.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

liberal: can there be a just war?

A

YES: war can be justified if it conforms to certain moral principles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

pacifist: can there be a just war?

A

NO: war is an unnecessary evil that can never be justified.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

who is most associated with the just war theory?

A

St. Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

jus ad bellum

A

right to war

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

jus in bello

A

right conduct in war

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

6 criteria for just war theory

A
  1. must have a just cause
  2. must have a just intention
  3. war must be declared by the govt of a country
  4. it should be the last resort
  5. must have a good chance of being successful and bringing about peace
  6. Must be in proportion
    (The ends must justify the means. It should not kill too many people, especially if they are not involved in the fighting)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

6 criteria for jus in bello

A
  1. Appropriate weapons should be used
  2. Distinction between combatants and non combatants
  3. Armed forces must use proportional force
  4. Treat prisoners of war well
  5. No weapons or means of war that are ‘evil in themselves’ are permitted
  6. Armed forces are not justified in breaking these rules in response to the enemy
    breaking these rules.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

proportionality problem: jus ad bellum vs jus in bello

A

Jus Ad Bellum- Force must be proportional to the harm

Jus in Bello- Do not use more force than necessary to achieve aims.

What if the only way to achieve your aims - the force used - is unproportional to the harm?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the geneva convention

A
  • 1949
  • provide an agreed-upon framework of legal protections to safeguard soldiers, civilians, and prisoners during wartime
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

definition of conflict

A

Conflict is the dynamic process of actual or perceived opposition between individuals and groups. This could be opposition over positions, interests or values.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Johan Galtung definition of conflict

A

conflict is “actors in pursuit of incompatible goals”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

2 ways to categorize conflict

A
  1. by the actors who are involved
  2. by the issue of contention
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Typology of Conflict- Parties Involved (5)

A
  1. Inter-state conflict
  2. Extra-state conflict
  3. Internationalized internal conflict
  4. Intra-state conflict-
  5. Non-state armed conflict
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

inter-state conflict

A

b/w two diff governments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

extra-state conflict

A

b/w foreign govt and non-state group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Internationalized internal conflict

A

between government and internal opposition (supported by international intervention)

19
Q

intra-state conflict

A

between government and internal opposition

20
Q

non-state armed conflict

A

b/w two internal armed states (not govt of a state)

21
Q

Dr. Christopher Moore: 5 causes of conflict

A
  1. relationship
  2. data
  3. interest
  4. value
  5. structural
22
Q

cyber attacks

A

Technology used to attack a countries infrastructure
- conflict: relationship, interest

23
Q

sanctions

A

Economic penalties used to change the behavior of a country
- conflict: value

24
Q

trade war

A

Tariffs and Quotas used for domestic economic growth or to punish another country.
- conflict: interest, data

25
Q

proxy war

A

Powerful countries indirectly fight one another by funding/opposing opposite sides
- conflict: value, interest

26
Q

domestic destabilization

A

Supporting/arming opposition/separatists or terrorist groups
- conflict: value, structural, relationship

27
Q

electoral interference

A

Influence elections to support their preferred candidate
- conflict: value

28
Q

diplomatic dispute

A

Punish or isolate other governments by limiting or cutting off diplomatic relations
- conflict: value, relationship

29
Q

environmental conflict

A

Manipulate shared ecosystems to either benefit themselves or harm their neighbors
- conflict: interest, data

30
Q

war of secession

A

Conflict involving groups of people who want independence from their country
- conflict: relationship, structural, interests

31
Q

war of succession

A

Conflicts involving groups of people seeking to overthrow and replace a country’s government or ruling authority.
- conflict: relationship, interests, structural, value

32
Q

Violence waged by terrorist or criminal organizations

A

Conflicts involving terrorist or criminal organizations that commit acts of violence for political, ideological, or financial motivations
- conflict: value, interests

33
Q

state-sanctioned violence

A

Conflicts involving the police, military, or other government group persecuting the country’s own citizens—often targeting those from a minority group.
- conflict: structural, relationship, interests, value

34
Q

resource-driven conflict

A

Conflicts involving several groups vying to control and profit from a country’s natural resources.
- conflict: interests

35
Q

IB causes of conflict

A

greed vs grievance, territorial control, material interest, resource scarcity, ideology, threatened identity, perception

36
Q

greed vs grievance

A

Greed- combatants in conflicts are motivated by opportunistic reasons.
Grievance- people rebel over issues of inequality, discrimination, authoritarianism.
Common factor: Perception of a certain deprivation
- Deprivation caused by economics
- Deprivation caused by identity

37
Q

who argued that GREED caused civil wars?

A

Paul Collier and Anke Hoeffler
- Combatants are motivated by improving their economic situation.
- Cost-benefit analysis- the rewards of joining outweigh the rewards of not joining.
- Conflict do not begin if they do not have the financing- whether through diaspora or acquisition of natural resources
- States with low GDP are more likely to engage in a violent conflict because there is a potential to make money.

38
Q

criticisms with greed over grievance

A

There are many other factors that lead to interstate conflict
- Ethnic struggles cause conflict (Hutus and Tutsi)
- Separatist movements
- Marginalization of different identity groups

fails to explain
- Why there are rebellions in non-resource areas.
- Why some conflicts take longer to solve than others.

39
Q

Michael Brown “The Causes of Internal Conflict” (4)

A
  1. structural factors (weak states, intra-state security concerns, ethnic geography)
  2. economic/social factors (economic problems, discriminatory economic systems, modernization)
  3. political factors (discriminatory political institutions, exclusionary national ideologies, elite politics)
  4. cultural/perceptual factors (patterns of cultural discrimination, problematic group histories)
40
Q

elements of conflict analysis

A

Issues- What is the conflict about?
Parties- Who is involved in the conflict?
Relationships- What are the relationship between the parties?
History- What is the history of the conflict?
Styles- How have the parties chosen to deal with the conflict?
Management- What is the history of the effort to manage the conflict?

41
Q

factors behind the decline of interstate war

A

Development of nuclear weapons (MAD)
International alliances NATO
IGOs like the UN- promote multilateral approaches
Complex interdependence
Democratic Peace Theory

42
Q

conditions that make conflict more likely

A

Little or no democratic means of dispute resolution; minorities excluded from political representation
Wealth, territory or resources shared unequally and controlled by powerful elites
Poverty
Government is above the law, making arbitrary and illegitimate decisions
Judicial system is absent or interfered with, not independent or fair
Human rights are abused

43
Q

conditions making conflict less likely

A

Democratic institutions exist, with full political equality and participation
Equal sharing of resources and wealth
Equality of opportunity for all
Government respects the rule of law
Disputes can be resolved fairly through a fair and independent judicial system
Respect for human rights (especially of minorities)

glo po (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions