PSIR: power Flashcards
power
he ability to affect change. It is the ability to control and influence the behavior of people.
3 types of power
hard, soft, smart
soft power
A countries soft power is its ability to make friends and influence others. This is not through military might but through its most attractive assets:
- Culture
- Language
- Values
- Education
- Technology
In short, it’s the things that make people love a country rather than fear it, things that are often the products of people, institutions and culture rather than its government.
who coined soft power
Joseph Nye
hard power
Nations ability to use economic incentives or military strength to influence behaviors (think capabilities)
Hard power is tangible and coercive
examples of soft power
gastrodiplomacy; K-pop boy bands; movies, tv shows, and music from the US
capability power
Tangible & observable
- Military power
- Access to weapons
- Wealth
- Natural Resources
- Population size
- Technology
3 dimensions of power (how it’s demonstrated)
Decision making power (A gets B to do something)
Non-decision making power (prevent decisions from being made by manipulating the agenda)
Ideological power (system is manipulated unconsciously and affects ones perception and therefore their choice)
how came up with cultural hegemony?
Antonio Gramsci, Italian Marxist philosopher
Antonio Gramsci’s idea of power
Power is more than just controlling the factors of production it is the ability to control consciousness; The norms of everyday life.
cultural hegemony
the domination of a particular culture over others through the control of ideas, beliefs, and values.
hegemonic culture is “common sense” reinforces that what you are doing is good and beautiful and just and possible
How can Cultural Hegemony reinforce international power structures?
Dominant cultures may influence global norms and values, shaping how states interact in international relations.
Weaker cultures might adopt elements of the dominant culture to gain acceptance or access to resources.
Can suppress the uniqueness and diversity of other cultures
3 ways power can be distributed
Bipolar: Power is balanced between two “superpowers” (Cold War)
Unipolar: Power is held by one global hegemon.
Multipolar: Power is balanced by many “superpowers.”
hegemonic stability theory
World is more stable when a single nation is the dominant world power.
Supported by realists
Dominant hegemony will establish and enforce a structure that maintains stability (them being the hegemon)
Example: US- after the Cold War/ UK late 19th century
potential problems with hegemonic stability theory
breeds resentment between countries
Unilateralist tendencies: one- sidedness; a policy determined by the interest of single state unconstrained by other bodies and states
