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4 MBCHB > PEADS 1 > Flashcards

PEADS 1 Flashcards

(41 cards)

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1
Q 
heart rate of newborns
<1
1-2
2-5
6-12
>12
A 
160
120-160
90-150
80-140
70-120
60-100
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2
Q 
respiratory rate of newborns
<1
1-2
2-5
6-12
>12
A 
60
30-60
24-40
22-34
18-30
12-16
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3
Q 
systolic blood pressure of newborns
<1
1-2
2-5
6-12
>12
A 
70
75
80-90
90-110
>120
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4
Q

what is hypoxischaemic encephalitis

A

neonatal injury secondary to prenatal, perinatal or postnatal asphyxia

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5
Q

when should APGAR be taken

A

1, 5 and 10 mins

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6
Q

symptoms mild of HIE

A

irritable, increased tone/reflexes, staring, poor feeding

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7
Q

mod symptoms of HIE

A

lethargy, decreased tone/reflexes, seizures

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8
Q

severe symptoms of HIE

A

come, decreased tone, absent reflexes, prolonged seizures, multi organ failure

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9
Q

investigations for SIE

A

cerebral function monitor
EEG
MRI brain

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10
Q

complications for HIE

A

cerebral palsy, LD, epilepsy, hearing/visual impairment

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11
Q

treatment for HIE

A

respiratory and circulatory support, anticonvulsants, cooling down

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12
Q

causes for respiratory distress in term babies

A 
meconium aspiration 
congenital pneumonia
PPHN
heart failure 
pneumothorax
diaphragmatic hernia
TTN
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13
Q

who does meconium aspiration happen in and what is the treatment
and CRA results

A

post term babies
surfactant
patchy infiltrates

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14
Q

shunt of PPHN

A

right to left

cyanosis

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15
Q

treatment of PPHN

A

nitric acid/IV prostaglandin

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16
Q

heart failure occurs secondary to what

A

congenital disease like PDA

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17
Q

treatment for heart failure in babies

18
Q

main symptom/sign of heart failure in babies

Study These Flashcards
A

failure to thrive

19
Q

pneumothorax causes

risk factor for it

Study These Flashcards
A

spontaneous
secondary to CPAP

c section

20
Q

chest xray for pneumothorax

treatment

Study These Flashcards
A

hyper lucency and absent lung markings
small - conservative
large or symptomatic chest drain

21
Q

diaphragmatic hernia leads to what
what does the chest X-ray look like
rx

Study These Flashcards
A

pulmonary hyperplasia
bowel loops in chest and mediastinal deviation
surgery

22
Q

TTN is what
who does it happen in
what can be seen on the X-ray
prognosis

Study These Flashcards
A

delay in reabsorption of fluid in c section babies
fluid in horizontal fissure - wet lungs
resolves itself in a few days

23
Q

investigation for respiratory distress in term babies

Study These Flashcards
A

CEX, ECHO if persistent or PPHN suspected

24
Q

what is prematurity and what counts as very premature

Study These Flashcards
A

under 37 weeks

under 28 weeks

25
respiratory distress syndrome in prem babies is due to what what can be seen on the chest x ray rx
surfactant deficiency also known as hyaline membrane disease ground glass, air bronchograms antenatal steroids up to 36w. exogenous surfactant. ventilation
26
complication of prolonged ventilation in babies
bronchopulmonary dysplasia
27
apnoea of immaturity is what
cessation of breathing for 20 seconds or over accompanied by hypoxia or bradychardia
28
patent ductus arteriosis is a what type of shunt symptoms and specific sign that can be heard rx
left to right (acyanotic) fluid overload, HF, machinery murmur between the clavicles, bounding pulse, heaving apex indomethacin (NSAID), surgical
29
necrotising enterocolitis is what treatment when is it common
ischaemia of gut wall NBM surgery after recovering from ARDS
30
retinopathy of immaturity occurs when risk factors for it rx
6=8w post. extreme prematurity, excessive oxygen therapy screen at risk babies. laser therapy for severe
31
intraventricular haemorrhage is what and what is it secondary to ix rx cx
bleed into germinal matrix. secondary to hypoxia/RDS US CSF taps/shunt hydrocephalus, CP, anaemia
32
neonatal sepsis causes
prolonged rupture of membrane >24 hours, chorioamnecitis, GBS, EColi, c, g, listeria, HSV, coag neg staph
33
chlamydia symptoms in babies
conjunctivitis in first week | pneumonia 4
34
ix for neonatal sepsis
CRP, WBC, FBC, LP, urin, CXR
35
treatment for neonatal sepsis for mum | for baby
IV co amox 1.2g TDS plus/minus Gen IV | IV benzylpenicillin and Gent
36
when can antibiotics be stopped in neonatal sepsis
2 CRP <4 within 36 hours
37
neonatal jaundice when is it normal
d2 to around 2-3 weeks
38
causes of prolonged or early jaundice
rhesus, ABO haemolytic, hereditary spherocytosis, G6PD deficits, biliary atresia, neonatal hep, hypothyroid, UTI, breast milk, galactoseamia
39
ix for prolonged jaundice
coombs test, TFTs, FBC and film, urine, U and Es, LFTs, inflam markers, liver USS
40
treatment for jaundice
phototherapy | exchange trafusion
41
complications of jaundice
kernicterus encephalopathy of unconjugated bilirubin - CP, SNHL

4 MBCHB (80 decks)

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