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Thurman > Pediatrics Part 4 > Flashcards

Pediatrics Part 4 Flashcards

1
Q

perioperative fluid homeostasis is altered by

A

volatile agent
OR temp
iatrogenic hyperventilation
surgical stress

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2
Q

GA modifies which aspect of fluid balance

A

neuroendocrine control

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3
Q

surgical effect on fluid balance depends on what?

A

procedure

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4
Q

preop fluid deficit calculation

A

NPO hrs x maintenance fluid rate

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5
Q

maintenance fluid rate for 0-10kg

A

4 mL/kg/hr

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6
Q

maintenance fluid rate for 10-20kg

A

40mL + 2mL/kg/hr for each kg > 10

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7
Q

maintenance fluid rate for >20kg

A

60mL + 1mL/kg/hr for each kg >20

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8
Q

minimal third space losses

A

add 3-4 mL/kg/hr

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9
Q

moderate third space losses

A

add 5-6 mL/kg/hr

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10
Q

major third space losses

A

add 7-10 mL/kg/hr

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11
Q

what type of IV fluids are preferred?

A

glucose free; typically LR

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12
Q

critically ill patient or weight < 10 kg are at risk for what

A

hypoglycemia

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13
Q

crystalloids do not produce what?

A

allergic reactions

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14
Q

LR mOsm/L

A

273

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15
Q

Na of LR

A

130 mEq

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16
Q

K of LR

A

4

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17
Q

Ca2 of LR

A

3

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18
Q

Cl of LR

A

109

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19
Q

HCO3 of LR

A

28

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20
Q

Estimated blood volume of premie

A

90-100mL/kg

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21
Q

EBV of ful term infant

A

80-10mL/kg

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22
Q

EBV of 3mo-3yr

A

75-80 mL/kg

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23
Q

EBV >6 yrs

A

65-70 mL/kg

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24
Q

Intravascular volume formula

A

wt (kg) x blood volume (mL)

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25
true or false, minimum acceptable Hct varies with each child
true
26
for accurate blood loss values what should be weigheD?
drapes sponges towels
27
what is equivillent of 1 mL blood loss
1G of weight
28
ABL =
ABL= EBV x (H0-H1)/HA
29
blood loss is replaced with what?
crystalloids at a rate of 3 mL/mL
30
for blood loss < than ABL what rate should be used for replacement?
1 mL/mL
31
if blood loss is equal to or greater than ABL what should be used for replacement?
PRBCs
32
what volume of PRBCs should be adminstered to raise Hgb by 1g/dL
4mL/kg of PRBCs raises Hgb 1g/dL
33
formula for determining PRBC volume administered (Nagelhout)
(EBL-ABL) x desired crit (30%) / 75%
34
crit of PRBCs according to nagelhout
75%
35
formula for determing PRBC volume administered (Cote)
(desired crit- present crit) x EBV/60%
36
crit of PRBCs accoring to Cote
60%
37
when do patients require overnight stay (based on age)
< 36 weeks gestation | <60 weeks postconceptual
38
what increases the risk of postop N/V
``` motion sickness age volatile agent nitrous oxide opioids (risk increases with increased risk factors present) ```
39
decadron dose
0.0625 mg/kg (max 10mg)
40
odansetron
0.05-0.15 mg/kg
41
miller blade size for preterm and neonate
0
42
miller blade for neonate-2yrs
1
43
miller blade for 2-6 years
none
44
miller blade for 6-10 years
2
45
miller blade >10 years
2 or 3
46
Wis-Hipple blade for 2-6 years
1.5 (whatever the f that is)
47
Mac blade for 2-6 years
1 or 2
48
Mac blade for 6-10 years
2
49
Mac blade for > 10 years
3
50
size for unfuffed tube 1000g
2.5
51
uncuffed tube for 1000-2500 g
3.0
52
uncuffed tube for neonate-6 mo
3.0-3.5
53
uncuffed tube for 6mo-1yr
3.5-4.0
54
uncuffed tube for 1-2yrs
4.0-5.0
55
uncuffed tube for >2 yrs
(age in years + 16)/4
56
cuffed tube for neonate-6mo
3.0-3.5
57
cuffed tube for 6mo-1yr
3.0-4.0
58
cuffed tube for 1-2 yrs
3.5-4.5
59
cuffed tube > 2yrs
(age in years/4) + 3
60
approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- preterm < 1000g
6-7 cm
61
approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- preterm 1000-2000g
7-9 cm
62
approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- term newborn
9-10 cm
63
approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- 1 year
11-12 cm
64
approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- 2 years
12-13 cm
65
approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- 6 years
15-16 cm
66
approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- 10 years
17-18 cm
67
approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- 16 years
18-20 cm
68
approximate distance of insertion even with alveolar ridge- 20 years
20-22 cm
69
LMA (unique) for neonate up to 5 kg
3.5
70
LMA for infant 5-10 kg
4.0
71
LMA for infant children 10-20kg
4.5
72
LMA for children 20-30 kg
5.0
73
LMA for 30-50 kg
5.5
74
LMA for large adolescents 70-100 kg
6.0
75
LMA for anyone >100kg
N/A

Thurman (5 decks)

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