Pedo Flashcards
(63 cards)
1
Q
Initiation seen in ______weeks inutero
bell stage- apposition________weeks
cap stage- enamel organ ______weeks inutero
A
6 wweks
14 weeks
9 weeks
2
Q
Apposition and maturation defects
A
apposition:Defects= enamel hypoplasia, enamel pearls, concrescence
masturation: Defects= enamel hypomineralization, fluorosis, tetracycline staining
3
Q
- Enamel organ
– Ameloblasts- - Dental papilla
– Odontoblasts-
– Central cells - - Dental follicle
– Cementoblasts -
– Osteoblasts -
– Fibroblasts -
A
- Enamel organ
– Ameloblasts à enamel - Dental papilla
– Odontoblasts à dentin
– Central cells à pulp - Dental follicle
– Cementoblasts à cementum
– Osteoblasts à alveolar bone
– Fibroblasts à PDL
4
Q
Congenitally Missing Teeth:
A
3rd molars>man.2nd pm>max.lat>max.2nd pm
primary max. lat most commonly congenitally missing
5
Q
- Enamel organ
- Dental papilla
- Dental follicle
forms in _____stage and ____ weeks inutero
and defects
A
cap stage and 9 weeks in utero
Defects= cyst, odontoma, gemination, fusion, dens in dente
6
Q
Dens Invaginatus most common in
A
permanent maxillary lateral
7
Q
Vertically elongated pulp chamber and short
roots
A
Taurodontism
8
Q
Blue sclera
A
Dentinogenesis Imperfecta
9
Q
Dentin Dysplasia
* Type I-
Type II-
A
- Type I- “chevron-shaped” pulps.
Type II-“thistle tube-shaped” pulps.
10
Q
Enamel Pearl
* Chunk of enamel blocking attachment of
__________ fibers
A
Enamel Pearl
* Chunk of enamel blocking attachment of
Sharpey’s fibers
11
Q
Only primary tooth with cusp of Carabelli, oblique ridge, and DL groove
A
Primary Maxillary 2nd Molar
12
Q
ML “ice cream cone” cusp is highest and sharpest
A
Primary Mandibular 1st Molar
13
Q
- MB cusp is largest
A
Primary Mandibular 1st Molar
14
Q
CEJ dips more on mesial half, resulting in S-shaped cervical ridge
A
Primary Mandibular 1st Molar
15
Q
Amalgam for Primary Tooth
* ______mm deep
A
Amalgam for Primary Tooth
* 1.5mm deep
16
Q
Stainless Steel Crown
* For teeth affected by extensive caries especially past the ________angles
* _________mm occlusal reduction
A
- For teeth affected by extensive caries especially past the axial line angles
- 1mm occlusal reduction
17
Q
Strip Crown
indication:
A
For primary incisors with proximal caries that approximates or involves incisal edge
18
Q
- Furcation radiolucency is a sign of _________ for a primary pulp
A
- Furcation radiolucency is a sign of necrosis for a primary pulp
19
Q
Indirect Pulp Cap cements
A
Calcium hydroxide or RMGI
20
Q
Calcium hydroxide May cause _____________ root resorption in primary teeth
A
internal root resorption
21
Q
Pulpectomy Usually contraindicated in __________ because they usually have lots of accessory canals
A
primary first molars
22
Q
Extraction Only exception may be
for a _________ primary
molar
A
Only exception may be
for a second primary
molar
23
Q
- Space management=
- Space maintenance=
- Space regaining=
A
- Space management= proactive
- Space maintenance= reactive
- Space regaining= retroactive
24
Q
Primary Canine Loss (Cs) appliance
A
Lower lingual holding arch or
Nance holding arch from
permanent first molars
25
Primary First Molar Loss (Ds) appliance
* Band and loop
* LLHA or Nance
26
Primary Second Molar Loss (Es) appliance
* Distal shoe from primary first molar to unerupted permanent first molar
* LLHA or Nance if permanent first molar is already erupted
27
* Average tooth pierces bone with ______ root formation
* Average tooth pierces gingiva with ______root formation
* Average tooth pierces bone with two-thirds
root formation
* Average tooth pierces gingiva with threefourths root formation
28
* Primary molar lost before age 7 - eruption of
premolar
* Primary molar lost after age 7 - eruption of
premolar
* Primary molar lost before age 7 - eruption of
premolar is delayed
* Primary molar lost after age 7 - eruption of
premolar is accelerated
29
Space Closure
* Most occurs within the first ______ months after
tooth loss
Space Closure
* Most occurs within the first 6 months after
tooth loss
30
Ankylosed Primary Molars more common in
Ds than in Es (updated)
31
graft
– Free gingival graft -
– Connective tissue graft-
graft
– Free gingival graft -widen band of keratinized tissue
– Connective tissue graft -root coverage
32
Eruption Cyst
* Most common around _______ and _______ teeth
Eruption Cyst
* Most common in children* Most common around
incisors and mandibular first molars
33
High Frenum Tx:
Tx: close space first, then
frenectomy
34
* Localized aggressive
periodontitis
– Involves ______ and ________ teeth
– Tx:
* Generalized aggressive
periodontitis
– Tx:
* Prepubertal periodontitis
– Involves ______ teeth
– Tx:
Localized aggressive
periodontitis
– Involves first permanent
molars and permanent
incisors
– Tx: surgical intervention and
antibiotics
* Generalized aggressive
periodontitis
– Tx: surgical intervention and
antibiotics
* Prepubertal periodontitis
– Involves primary molars
– Tx: debridement and
antibiotics
35
Dental trauma
* Increased overjet ______mm more often
* Increased overjet (>6mm) more often
36
* Tetanus coverage
– Active immunization is three ______, _______-, and
________ vaccines during first year, booster at
_____, _________, and ______ years and then every ________years after
* Tetanus coverage
– Active immunization is three tetanus, diphtheria, and
pertussis (Tdap) vaccines during first year, booster at
1.5, 3, and 6 years and then every 4 to 5 years after
37
* Radiographs at incident and follow-ups at ___, _________, and ______ months after
* Radiographs at incident and follow-ups at 1, 2,
and 6 months after
38
Extrusion less than 3mm
Tx:
when a primary tooth is extruded less than 3 mm, no treatment is needed and the recommended plan is to follow-up and monitor for spontaneous repositioning.
39
* If extruded more than 3mm -
* If patient is seen before formation of periapical blood
clot -
* If extruded more than 3mm - extract
* If patient is seen before formation of periapical blood
clot - reposition carefully, flexible splint for 1-2 weeks, endo treatment
40
Avulsed primary teeth
Tx:
avulsed primary teeth are typically not replanted because it can render them susceptible to trauma again or can cause damage to the permanent successor.
41
* Internal (IRR)= _______ layer in pulp is damaged
* External (ERR)= __________ layer in PDL is damaged
– Surface=
– Replacement=
– Inflammatory=
– Cervical (CRR)=
– Apical (ARR)=
* Internal (IRR)= odontoblastic layer in pulp is damaged
* External (ERR)= cementoblastic layer in PDL is damaged
– Surface= normal PDL, small areas
– Replacement= ankylosis, risk increases with long-term splinting
– Inflammatory= granulation tissue, radiolucency
– Cervical (CRR)= biologic width area, pink spot
– Apical (ARR)= orthodontic forces
42
* Ages ________ are most commonly abused or
neglected
* Ages 0 to 3 are most commonly abused or
neglected
43
Potentially Cooperative
* Defiant=
* Uncontrolled= _______-years old,
* Timid= ________ years old,
* Tense-cooperative= _____- years or older
* Whining=
Potentially Cooperative
* Capable of appropriate behavior, but are disruptive in dental setting
* Defiant= any age, spoiled and stubborn, do not like to be advised by adults
* Uncontrolled= 3-6 years old, tantrum
* Timid= 3-6 years old, may hide behind parents (shielding), may deteriorate into uncontrolled
* Tense-cooperative= 7 years or older, white knuckler, want to behave but very nervous
* Whining= continuous, usually no tears
44
Frankl Rating Scale
* 1=
* 2=
* 3=
* 4=
Frankl Rating Scale
* 1= definitely negative
* 2= negative resistance
* 3= positive acceptance
* 4= definitely positive
45
* First dental visit should be by ______ year old
* First dental visit should be by 1 year old
46
Knee-to-Knee Exam
* For infants (________years old)
Knee-to-Knee Exam
* For infants (<2 years old)
47
Aversive Conditioning not for _______ children
* Not for timid and tense-cooperative
48
ADHD
* More common in girls/boys
* Most commonly first appears age _____
* Three most common psychostimulant
medications:
ADHD
* Inattentive (AD) and hyperactive (HD)
* More common in boys
* Most commonly first appears age 3 to 6
* Three most common psychostimulant
medications:
– Methylphenidate (Ritalin)
– Atomoxetine (Strattera)
– Amphetamine (Adderall)
49
Autism
Condition related to:
symptoms:
Autism
* Condition related to brain development that impacts how a person perceives and socializes with others
* Spectrum refers to wide range of symptoms
– Repetitive behavior
– Heightened sense of light and sound
50
Local Anesthesia in Children
* ________ is maximum recommended dose of
anesthetic
Local Anesthesia in Children
* 4.4mg/kg is maximum recommended dose of
anesthetic
51
– Fill bag with oxygen and place hood on patient’s nose with flow rate of __________ L/min
* Contraindications
– __________ is most common complication
– Fill bag with oxygen and place hood on patient’s nose with flow rate of 4-6 L/min
– Nausea is most common complication
* Contraindications
– <2 years old
– Uncooperative
– Wheezing episode (mild to moderate asthma is okay)
52
Four Plateaus of Stage I Anesthesia
Four Plateaus of Stage I Anesthesia
* Paresthesia= tingling
* Vasomotor= warm
* Drift= floating, target analgesia for nitrous
sedation
* Dream= eyes closed, jaw sag
53
fluoride for Children
* <3 years old -
* >3 years old-
* >6 years old -
– ____% NaF solution weekly
– _____% NaF solution daily
luoride for Children
* ≤3 years old à fluoride drops, because children
this young have difficulty chewing and swallowing
tablets
* >3 years old à fluoride tablets and lozenges
* >6 years old à fluoride mouth rinse
– 0.2% NaF solution weekly
– 0.05% NaF solution daily
54
Thumbsucking
* Very common up to age ____
* Depends on time per day, duration, and intensity
* Effects are
* Intervention with appliance therapy recommended by age _________
appliances:
Thumbsucking
* Very common up to age 3
* Effects are increased overjet, anterior open bite, maxillary
constriction, and posterior crossbite
* Intervention with appliance therapy recommended by age 5 or 6
* Crib= stainless steel fixed reminder appliance in anterior palate
region
* Bluegrass= fixed reminder appliance with roller in anterior palate
region
55
* Natal teeth=
* Neonatal teeth=
associated with _________- disease
* Natal teeth= present at birth
* Neonatal teeth= erupt within first 30 days
Associated with * Riga-Fede Disease
56
ECC
* Any dmft on patient younger than age ______
– Infants should drink from a cup as they approach
age _______-
– First dental visit by age ________
children under the age of _______ use an amount of toothpaste the size of a smear of a grain of rice
and a pea-size amount for those ______.
* Any dmft on patient younger than age 6
– Infants should drink from a cup as they approach age 1
– First dental visit by age 1
children under the age of 3 use an amount of toothpaste the size of a smear of a grain of rice and a pea-size amount for those 3 to 6. (updated)
57
all primary teeth should exfoliate by the age of ______
12
58
_________ is used when there is unilateral loss of a primary first molar.
A band and loop
59
The tooth most likely to erupt after the permanent mandibular second premolar is the permanent __________.
maxillary canine
60
The first permanent tooth to erupt is the ___________.
mandibular first molar around 6 years of age.
61
_________ is not acceptable obturation material for primary teeth.
Gutta percha
62
The most common age range for dental trauma is _______ years old.
8-12
63
The most common cause of pulp calcification in primary teeth is __________.
trauma
