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Peds/gyn overview Flashcards

1
Q

Molluscum contagiosum

A

can be in meds and sexually transmitted.
umbilicated, flesh color
tx.supportive or cosmetic, podofolin

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2
Q

Condyloma accuminata

A

HPV warts, HCP tx: cryo therapy, home tx for pt: imiquid(aldera)

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3
Q

scabies

A

Web fingers, dark/moist cracks, Tx.Permethrin or lindane(never in peds)-can be itchy for months

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4
Q

condyloma lata

A

Secondary syphillis, grey flat

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5
Q

Lice(pediculosis)

A

tx.Permethrin, pyrethrum if refractory. Clean out nits or shave head

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6
Q

Seboric dermatitis

A

Selsiun blue

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7
Q

erythema nodosum

A

hot nodules on shins/legs, d/t strep, inflammatory response, sulfa run

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8
Q

Erythema multiforme

A

Targeted lesions post pcn, Nsaids, Minor:wont include mucous membrane, no ass with SJS. Major can lead to SJS

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9
Q

Steven johnson syndrome

A

d/t URI or drugs, blistering, crusting, mouth, eyes, painful, toxic, bulls with erythema mutiforme, fever, tx:

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10
Q

TEN

A

more than 10% of body, drug reaction, severe, toxic, dehydrated, treated like burn(IV abx/fluids/dressings)

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11
Q

contact dermatitis

A

Erythatous plaques, tx.topical steroids,

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12
Q

Varicella

A

Central papules

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13
Q

Impetigo

A

Staph. Aureus typically s/sx: honey crusted lesion, tx.Mupiroiocin

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14
Q

Kawasaki

A

Vasculitis: can attach vessels and cause permanent cardiac damage. s/sx: 6mo-4yr old, Fever more than 5 days, conjuctivitis, mucous membrane involvement, cervical LAD, rash, later peeling of hands and feet, dx: inc.WBC(N),inc ESR, inc Platelets tx: IVIG(reduce autoimmune reaction), aspirin(clotting/inflammation), with strict f/u with cardiologist for 3-6mo

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15
Q

Tinea versicolor

A

woods lamp, christmas tree distribution, single herald spot(looks like ring worm)

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16
Q

Strep throat

A

tx. 90mg/kg/day x

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17
Q

Fifth disease

A

aka.Erythema infectiosum, parvo virus, “slap cheek” appearance,

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18
Q

Measles

A

macular rash, blueberry muffin rash, 3 C’s, Koplick spots, starts on head,

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19
Q

Blepharitis

A

inflammation lid margins, burning, photophobia, d/t staph/meibomian gland tx: local steroid and abs applied at night

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20
Q

Horner’s syndrome

A

Triad-Tetrad-Anisworia, ptosis, iris heterochromia, anhidrosis d/t trauma/neuroplastoma

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21
Q

Hordeolum

A

stye, painful, d/t staph infection tx.warm compress

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22
Q

chalazion

A

meibomian cyst, inflammation/obstruction of gland, tx.abx to reduce cellulitis

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23
Q

Nasolacrimal duct obstruction

A

abnl canalisation at 4mo age of duct, s/sx:watery discharge, erythema eyelids, infection can appear d/t staph strep tx. massage lacrimal sac, local abx drops, can surgically prove-MOST CLEAR 1ST YEAR

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24
Q

Dacryosytitis

A

infected nasolacrimal sac, s/sx:inflammed, edema, pain, d/t staph aureus, strep pneumo, hib, M.catarrhalis, tx:

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25
Meds used in peds:
Staph: high dose Amoxacillin, Pseudomonas: Ciprofloxacin HC, Strep: Amox, Others: 1st gen cephalosporins(cefazolin, cefadroxil, cephalexin)
26
Roseola
High fever, spring mo, maculopapular rosey rash, are well appearing
27
Parvo virus (fifths disease)
“slap cheek dz”, can get aplastic anemia, causes hydrops in pregnant women, tx: supportive
28
Bacterial conjunctivitis
b/l erythemetous, puritis, mucoid discharge d/t staph, can be strep. Tx: opthalmic drops: fluroqunolone, macrolide
29
AOM
buldging TM w/ purulence/erythemia,
30
glove and socks
reticulated rash only on palms and soles, raised, variant of parvovirus
31
Varicella
resp infection, soar throat, dew drops on a rose,
32
cornea abrasion
photophobia, pain, positive fluorescein exam tx: abx opthalmic drops(prevent ulcer)-PATCH eye
33
Leukocoria
cataract, glaucoma, retinal detachment, congenital rubella/CMV/HSV, retinoblastoma
34
esotropia
one eye drifting toward nasal bridge
35
exotropia
eye drifting toward ear
36
strabismus
misalignment of the eye
37
amblyopia
decreased visual acuity without eye structure problem
38
Nystagmus
oscillatory movement of the eye
39
Otitis exeterna
pseudomonal, swimmers ear, Fluroquinolone drops- never with aminoglycoside drops(autotoxic)
40
N.ghonorrhea in newborn
erythromycin PO
41
Shingles
non-contagious, want to tx inpatient if 4-5 dermatomes-with IV meds,
42
Impetigo
Staph, honeycomb, nonbullous:tx.bacitracin ointment/ bullous: oral staph abx
43
Erysipelas
superficial infection in dermis, sharp margins(unlike cellulitis), thinner than cellulitis, bright red, d/t staph/strep tx. 1st gen cephalosporin(cefazolin, cefadroxil, cephalexin)
44
cellulitis
Hot, tender, ill, erythematous, invasion into lower dermis(staph/strep) can progress to septicemia, entry site, systemic antibiotics,
45
Staph Scalded skin syndrome
46
folliculitis
staph a, tx: clindamycin lotion(7-10days)/bactime, furuncle——>carbuncle
47
Lymphangitis
inflammation of lymphatic channels, staph A or GAS(strep pyogenes)
48
Viral exanthems with fiver and rash
varicella, measles, rubella, roseola, fifth disease,
49
Mono
ant/post, cervical submandibular nodes,
50
Kawasaki disease
Vasculitis, includes mucous membranes, skin and lymph nodes,
51
Gastroenteritis
Diarrhea/vomiting, often viral: rota(winter)/adenovirus(spring) tx: supportive(rehydration/Na/K)
52
Rotavirus IZ
2,4,6mo
53
UTI
d/t e.coli, very common in infants/neonates/children, d/t anatomy, bladder relux, voiding dysfunction, dx:(gold is urine culture), urinalysis- leukocyte esterase/nitrites/——elevated wbc, crp, high fever, renal u/s, VCUG tx:bactrim, ciprofloxacin
54
Osteomyelitis
d/t staph aureus, metaphysis, focal, pain, warmth, swelling, (can have bacteremia), dx:CBC/blood culture/esr and crp to track response, xrays, mri, tx:oxacillin, nafcillin, cefazolin, clindamycin,
55
septic arthritis
w/in joint capsule, hemogenous spread, staph aureus, tx:oxacillin, nafcillin, cefazolin, clindamycin, dx:(gold=arthrocentesis with culture) elevated ESR,CRP,WBC
56
Meningitis
commonly viral(enterovirus/hsv/coxsackievirus) or bacterial (strep pneumo, neisseria)—viral=insidious/bacterial=rapid/acute, Neisseria(nonblanching petechiae or purpuric rash) dx: LP(gold), blood culture, tx:ampicillin or vancomycin and 3rd ceph(cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefdinir, cefixime, ceftibuten)
57
MCV4 vaccine
11/12 yo, 16yo, meningococcal vaccine
58
encephalitis
often viral-arboviruses, enterviruses, herpesviruses, (midsummer to fall), dx:test pcr on CSF, prodrome-often seizures
59
west nile
mosquito vector, fever, rash, arthralgias, LAD, GI, conjunctivitis dx:CSF, blood, pcr tx:manitol and steroids
60
RMSF
tick borne, rickettsia rechettsii, tx: doxycycline, tetracycline,
61
Lyme disease
tick borne, borrelia burgdorferi, s/sx: fever, HA, fatigue, depression, targatoid rash, erythema migrans, dx: western blot and ELISA, tx: amoxacillin=kids, doxycycline=adults)
62
Chlamydia trachomatis
dx: endocervical vaginal swab NAAT, tx:Azithromycin(1gm)-abstain 7 days s/p tx
63
Neiseria gonorrhoeae
tx: ceftriaxone(rocephin) 250mg IM with Azithromycin 1g pm
64
PID
T>101F, tx: ceftriazone IM, doxycycline 100mgBIDx2weeks, +/- metronidazole
65
Syphilis
Treponema pallidum, 1)chancre, 2)condolomata lata3)gumma(eroded plaque)dx: need one non-trep test(RPR/VDRL) and one trep test(TP-PA,FTA-ABS) tx:benzathine PCN G(IM), complication: jarisch herxheimer rxn
66
H-P-G axis dysfunction
d/t feedback absent, anatomic(mullerian agenesis/turner syndrome), genetic
67
Turner syndrome
monosomy, hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, tx: low dose estrogen to initiate 2nd sex characterists
68
RSV
Respiratory syncitial virus, bronchiolitis(fever, runny nose, congestion, wheezingx1-2 weeks), tx:synagis(MAB)
69
Candidias
dx:KOH with hyphae, tx:clotrimazole cream, fluconazole,
70
BV
dx: clue cells - epithelial cell with bacteria adhered, whiff test, KOH tx: metronidazole,
71
Trichomonas vaginalis
foul smelling, yellow-green frothy discharge, strawberry cervix dx: wet prep(flagellated protozoan) tx: metronidazole
72
vaginal atrophy
Types: CEE cream, estradiol cream, estradiol ring, estradiol tablet, (Estrace/estradiol cream or premarin/cee No uterus: non-progesterone, CEE/ SERM:Ospemifene
73
scabies
tx: topical permethrin
74
Endocarditis
often strep viridans(Pen G 4 weeks) or bacteriocidal abx in variants(enterococcus, staph A)
75
osteomylitis
staph- clindamycin, oxacillin
76
Viral pneumonia
often RSV, uri prodrome+wheeze and stridor maybe fever, myalgia, malaise, HA, CXR:Perihilar streaking,less toxic, supportive therapy
77
whooping cough
often
78
croup
Westly criteria, bark, epi neb, dexamethasone
79
bacterial pneumonia
fever, chills, cough, dyspnea, decreased lung sounds, S.Pneumonia, tx: amox, augmentin, azithromycin CXR: lobar (mycoplasma common as get older=walking pneumonia-atypical) S.PNEUMONIA
80
allergic reactions:
1: (IgE)allergic, anaphylacix, atopy 2:(IgA) antiBody, 3: immune Complex, 4: Delayed
81
eczema
tacrolimus, fluticzone, emollients
82
anaphylaxis
iv benedryle, steroids, epi, O2, neb
83
Type 2 hypersensitivty
hemolytic anemia, Bcell response(mast cell degranulation), graves, rxn time: 1hr-1day,
84
type 1 hypersensitivity
Peanuts,(straberry/bananas/llatex), claritin, ratadine
85
Type 3 hypersensitivty
serum sickness, henoch schonlein purpura, sle, glomerulonephritis,
86
Milky nipple discharge
associated with hyperprolactinoma or hypothyroidism, and meds(OCP,TCA) tx: dopamine agonist cabergoline
87
Mastalgia
tx: Danazol
88
fibroadenoma
benign, common in teens and early twenties, solid, round rubbery, mobile,
89
Lobular carcinoma in situ(LCIS)
atypical, proliferation, in lobule, non-detectable by MIR, dx: excisional biopsy tx: SERM(tamaxifen or raloxifen)
90
Ductal carcinom ain sity (DCIS)
Increased risk for developing invasive cancer or recurrence of the DCIS lesion, dx: core nedle biopsy

Pediatrics (8 decks)

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