Pelvic Floor

Question 1

The pelvic floor is a part of the _______

Answer 1

Pelvic diaphragm

Question 2

Superior surface of the pelvic diaphragm is covered with

Answer 2

Endopelvic fascia

Question 3

Muscles in the pelvic floor

Answer 3

Levator ani
Coccygeus

Question 4

Separates pelvis from perineum

Answer 4

Pelvic floor

Question 5

Funnel shaped muscular ring

Answer 5

Pelvic floor

Question 6

The _______ is superficial (inferior) to the pelvic diaphragm (pelvic floor)

Answer 6

Perineum

Question 7

The perineum is Diamond shape from the __________ to the coccyx.

Answer 7

pubic symphysis to ischial
tuberosities

Question 8

2 triangles of the perineum

Answer 8

Urogenital
Anal

Question 9

The _________ is the inferior support of the abdominal cavity supporting all organs and abdominal pressure

Answer 9

Pelvic floor

Question 10

Fundamentally same in males and females

Answer 10

Pelvic floor

Question 11

Levator ani muscle group

Answer 11

Puborectalis
Pubococcygeus
Iliococcygeus

Question 12

Body of the pubis
bilaterally as it wraps around the rectum (connecting at the anococcygeal ligament

Answer 12

Puborectalis

Question 13

Pubis and obturator
foramen fascia bilaterally (connecting at the
anococcygeal ligament posteriorly).
• Lateral to puborectalis

Answer 13

Pubococcygeus

Question 14

Pubis and obturator
foramen fascia bilaterally (connecting at the
anococcygeal ligament posteriorly).
• Lateral to puborectalis

Answer 14

Illiococcygeus

Question 15

Innervation for Levator ani

Answer 15

S3-s4 ventral rami

Question 16

–intra-abdominal pressure
resistance, fecal continence, prevent
prolapse, and occludes vagina.
• Supports the viscera, active during inspiration,
and can contract to aid intra-abdominal
stability.

Answer 16

Contraction Levator ani

Question 17

urine excretion, fecal
defecation, and directs fetal head
during parturition.

Answer 17

Relaxation Levator ani

Question 18

Attachment of coccygeus

Answer 18

Ischial spine to the coccyx

Question 19

Innervation of coccygeus

Answer 19

Ventral rami of s3-s4

Question 20

Small part of pelvic
support, elevates pelvic floor,
and flexes the coccyx (tail
wagger).

Answer 20

Action of the coccygeus

Question 21

• Origin: Internal surface of obturator foramen
• Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
• Innervation: N. to Obturator Internus
• Action: External (lateral) rotation, femoral
head stability.

Answer 21

Obturator internus

Question 22

• Origin: Pelvic surface of S2-S4
• Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
• Innervation: N. to Piriformis
• Action: External rotation, hip abduction,
femoral head stability.

Answer 22

Piriformis

Question 23

Outlet of the pelvis

Answer 23

Perineum

Question 24

Borders of the perineum

Answer 24

Anterior
Lateral

Question 25

Anterior border of perineum

Answer 25

Pubic symphysis

Question 26

Posterior borders of perineum

Answer 26

Coccyx

Question 27

Perineum divided by line between

Answer 27

Ischial tuberosities

Question 28

• Openings contained external genitalia and urethral orifice • Contents: Muscles, fat, nerves, vessels, lymph, and external genitalia.

Answer 28

Anterior urogenital triangle

Question 29

• Openings contained anus • Contents: Mainly fat, nerves, vessels, lymph, and anus.

Answer 29

Posterior anal triangle

Question 30

• Deep transverse perineal, urethral sphincter, and fibrous membrane • Surrounds urogenital ducts and strengthens pelvic floor

Answer 30

Urogenital diaphragm

Question 31

Borders of the urogenital triangle

Answer 31

Ischiocavernosus muscle (anteriorly) and Superficial & Deep Transverse Perineal muscles (posteriorly,

Question 32

is the location of multiple muscles interlacing between anus and external genitilia (female-vagina, male-penis)

Answer 32

Perineal body

Question 33

Deep fascia

Answer 33

Urogenital triangle

Question 34

Subcutaneous tissue and skin

Answer 34

Urogenital triangle

Question 35

Contents for males in the urogenital triangle

Answer 35

penis, mons pubis, scrotum, and bulbospongiosum

Question 36

Contents for females in the urogenital triangle

Answer 36

Vulva (vagina, urethra, glands, labia majora, labia minora, mons pubis), and bulbospongiosum

Question 37

• Origin: Ischial and pubic rami • Insertion: • Median raphe (male) • Vaginal wall (female) • Innervation: Perineal branch of pudendal nerve • Action: maintains continence; helps expel last drops of urine (both) and semen (male)

Answer 37

External urethral sphincter

Question 38

Anal triangle contents are the SAME

Answer 38

For both genders

Question 39

Borders of the anal triangle

Answer 39

Superficial & Deep Transverse Perineal muscles anteriorly (attach to perineal body), and imaginary line from ischium to coccyx.

Question 40

Superior (deep) anal triangle

Answer 40

Deep fascia

Question 41

Inferior (superficial) anal triangle

Answer 41

Subcautaneous tissue and skin

Question 42

• Anus: Internal and external Anal sphincter • Anococcygeal ligament: Anus to coccyx • Ischioanal fossae – area of fat to allow safe safe passage for: • Nerves (pudendal nerve, cutaneous) and Vessels (artery, vein, lymph).

Answer 42

Contents anal triangle

Question 43

3 parts of your external anal sphincter

Answer 43

Deep, superficial, cutaneous

Question 44

• Origin: Anococcygeal raphe • Insertion: Central tendon (perineal body) • Innervation: Inferior rectal branch of pudendal nerve and S4 • Action: Keeps anal canal and orifice closed

Answer 44

External anal sphincter

Question 45

Innervation of external anal sphincter

Answer 45

Inferior rectal branch of pudendal nerve and s4

Question 46

Perineum muscles are all Innervated by the __________

Answer 46

Pudendal nerve

Question 47

External urethral sphincter branch

Answer 47

Perineal

Question 48

• Ischiocavernosus • Bulbospongiosus • Superficial Transverse Perineal • Deep Transverse Perineal

Answer 48

Deep branch of the perineal nerve of the pudendal

Question 49

• Attachments: Internal surface of the ischiopubic ramus to the crus and perineal membrane. • Action: Supports erection of clitoris by compressing crus.

Answer 49

Ischiocavernous

Question 50

• Attachments: Perineal body and surrounds the vagina enclosing the greater vestibule gland and attaches to the pubic arch and fascia of the corpora cavernosa. • Action: Supports and fixes perineal body, sphincter of the vagina, assist in erection of clitoris, compresses the greater vestibule gland .

Answer 50

Bulbospongiosum

Question 51

BOTH are innervated by the deep branch of the perineal nerve of the pudendal nerve (S2-S4).

Answer 51

Ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosum

Question 52

Pudendal artery branches

Answer 52

-Deep and dorsal artery of clitoris/penis • Male not pictures but follows the same path as clitoris • Perineal • Inferior rectal

Question 53

Pudendal nerve branches

Answer 53

• Inferior rectal – rectum/anus • Deep Perineal – perineum muscles • Dorsal nerve of the clitoris/penis – shaft and glans penis (male); body and glands clitoris (female)

Question 54

• BOTH • Innervation: Deep branch of perineal nerve of the pudendal nerve (S2-S4) • Action: Supports and fixes perineal body, supports pelvic floor, and resists intra-abdominal pressure Moore and Dalley pg. 630-660; Netter plate 397

Answer 54

Perineum muscles