Pelvic nerves and vessels

Question 1

What works with the lumbar plexus to supply innervation to the lower limbs?

Answer 1

Sacral plexus

Question 2

What nerve roots form the sacral plexus

Answer 2

L4, L5, S1, S2, S3, S4

Question 3

What is the largest nerve from the sacral plexus?

Answer 3

Sciatic nerve

Question 4

What are the nerve root values of the sciatic nerve?

Answer 4

L4-S3

Question 5

What nerve carries nerve fibres from the lumbosacral trunk into the pelvis?

Answer 5

Sciatic nerve

Question 6

Where does the sciatic nerve form?

Answer 6

The anterior surface of piriformus muscle on the lateral internal wall of the pelvis

Question 7

How does the sciatic nerve reach the pelvis?

Answer 7

Passes out the pelvis via the greater sciatic notch

Question 8

What side of the thigh does the sciatic nerve travel down?

Answer 8

Posterior surface of thigh

Question 9

What nerve supplies the posterior compartment of the thigh and the hamstring muscles?

Answer 9

Sciatic nerve

Question 10

What nerve supplies all the muscles of the leg and foot?

Answer 10

Sciatic nerve

Question 11

What nerve supplies the gluteal muscles?

Answer 11

Gluteal nerve

Question 12

Name the two branches of the gluteal nerve

Answer 12

• Inferior branch

- Superior branch

Question 13

What are the nerve roots for the superior gluteal nerve and what do they innervate?

Answer 13

• L4, L5, S1

- Gluteus medius and minimus

Question 14

What are the nerve roots of the inferior gluteal nerve and what does it innervate?

Answer 14

• L5, S1, S2

- Gluteus maximus

Question 15

The nerve to obturator internus is a direct branch of what nerve roots?

Answer 15

L5-S1

Question 16

Levator ani and coccygeal muscles both receive direct fibres from what nerve roots?

Answer 16

S4

Question 17

What nerve supplies the external voluntary sphincters of the urethra and the anal canal?

Answer 17

Pudendal nerve

Question 18

What nerve carries sensory fibres to the perineum?

Answer 18

Pudendal nerve

Question 19

Describe the path take by the pudendal nerve

Answer 19

• Forms from nerve roots S2-S4 in pelvis
• Passes through the greater sciatic foramen around the ischial spine
• Passes through the lesser sciatic foramen to reach anal triangle, then perineum

Question 20

What can be used as a landmark for pudendal nerve blocks?

Answer 20

Ischial spine

Question 21

What type of nerves supply the internal organs of the pelvis and the erectile tissues of the perineum?

Answer 21

Autonomic nerves

Question 22

What type of nerve fibres does the superior hypogastric plexus have?

Answer 22

Sympathetic

Question 23

Where does the superior hypogastric plexus sit?

Answer 23

The bifurcation of the aorta into the iliac iliac arteries

Question 24

What type of nerve fibres does the inferior hypogastric plexus have?

Answer 24

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Question 25

Where does the inferior hypogastric plexus sit?

Answer 25

On the internal lateral wall of the pelvis

Question 26

Sympathetic supply to the pelvic organs is from?

Answer 26

Lumbar and pelvic splanchnic nerves from the sympathetic chain

Question 27

What nerves supply parasympathetic innervation to the pelvis?

Answer 27

Pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-S4

Question 28

What nervous system involves fight or flight?

Answer 28

Sympathetic

Question 29

What nervous system involves rest and digest?

Answer 29

Parasympathetic

Question 30

Give some examples of sympathetic responses from the pelvis?

Answer 30

- Decreased movement of rectum - Internal anal and urethra sphincters are contracted - Bladder detruser relaxes - Ductus deferens and seminal vesicle contract

Question 31

Give some examples of parasympathetic responses from the pelvis?

Answer 31

- Increased mobility of the rectum - Relaxation of the internal anal sphincter - Contraction of the detruser muscle - No effect on the seminal vesicles, ductus deferens or uterus

Question 32

What vertebral levels supply the perineum?

Answer 32

Sacral

Question 33

How does sensory innervation reach the anterior skin of the pelvis?

Answer 33

Via ilioinguinal, pudendal and genitofemoral nerves

Question 34

What nerve gives sensory innervation to the genitalia?

Answer 34

Pudendal nerve

Question 35

What large vessel does the main arterial supply of the pelvis come from?

Answer 35

Internal iliac artery

Question 36

What two branches does the aorta divide into? and at what level?

Answer 36

The common iliac arteries at L4

Question 37

What does each common iliac artery further divide into?

Answer 37

Internal and external iliac branches

Question 38

What branch of the common iliac artery supplies the lower limb?

Answer 38

External iliac

Question 39

What branch of the common iliac artery supplies the pelvis?

Answer 39

Internal iliac

Question 40

The internal iliac artery divides into what branches?

Answer 40

Anterior and posterior division of the internal iliac artery

Question 41

What are the 9 branches of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery?

Answer 41

- Umbillical artery - Superior vesicle arteries - Obturator artery - Inferior vesicle artery - Middle rectal artery - Inferior gluteal artery - Internal pudendal artery - Vaginal artery - Uterine artery

Question 42

What arteries supply the bladder?

Answer 42

Superior vesicle arteries

Question 43

What artery passes through the obturator foramen and into the medial compartment of the thigh?

Answer 43

Obturator artery

Question 44

What artery in males is replaced by the vaginal artery in females?

Answer 44

Inferior vesicle artery

Question 45

What artery supplies the rectum in both sexes and the prostate in males?

Answer 45

Middle rectal artery

Question 46

What artery passes through the greater sciatic notch to supply the gluteal region?

Answer 46

Inferior gluteal artery

Question 47

Blood supply to the internal male reproductive organs and tissues of the perineum are from which local artery?

Answer 47

The internal iliac artery

Question 48

Blood supply to the testes comes from where?

Answer 48

Directly from the abdominal aorta

Question 49

Blood supply to the ovaries come from where?

Answer 49

Directly from the abdominal aorta

Question 50

What are the 3 branches of the posterior division of the internal iliac artery?

Answer 50

- Iliolumbar artery - Lateral sacral artery - Superior gluteal artery

Question 51

Whatdoes the superior gluteal atery supply?

Answer 51

Parts of the gluteal region