Pelvic Walls and Floor

Question 1

What are the posterior and anterior pelvic boundaries?

Answer 1

Bony walls

Question 2

What is the lateral pelvic boundary?

Answer 2

Bony and muscular walls

Question 3

What is the inferior pelvic boundary?

Answer 3

Muscular at the pelvic outlet

Question 4

What is the superior pelvic boundary?

Answer 4

Is the inlet to the abdominal cavity

Question 5

What is the function of the greater and lesser sciatic notches?

Answer 5

To allow the passage of nerves, arteries, veins and muscles from the internal surface of the pelvis to the perineum and gluteal region

Question 6

What turns the sciatic notches into foramen?

Answer 6

The presence of ligaments

Question 7

What foramen allows the anterior part of the pelvis to be lighter?

Answer 7

Obturator foramen

Question 8

What structures keep the foramen closed?

Answer 8

• Obturator internis
• Obturator externis
• Obturator membrane

Question 9

The obturator foramen is pierced by what structures?

Answer 9

Obturator nerve and vessels

Question 10

What structure is a bony landmark for the pudendal nerve?

Answer 10

Ischial spine

Question 11

What is the name of the bone at the site of the hip joint where the ball and socket joint forms with the femur?

Answer 11

Acetabulum

Question 12

What do the iliac blades provide attachment for anteriorly and posteriorly?

Answer 12

Anterior - iliacus

Posterior - gluteus muscles

Question 13

What structures of the pelvis are attachment sites for the inguinal ligament?

Answer 13

Anterior superior iliac spine

Pubic tubercle

Question 14

What nerves pass through the sacral foramen to exit the vertebral column and supply the structures within the pelvis and lower limb?

Answer 14

Sacral nerves

Question 15

What two large ligaments attach to the sacrum?

Answer 15

• Sacrotuberous

- Sacrospinous

Question 16

What is the distal attachment of the sacrotuberous ligament?

Answer 16

The ischial tuberosity

Question 17

What is the distal attachment of the sacrospinous ligament?

Answer 17

The ischial spine

Question 18

Together, the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous form what strcuture?

Answer 18

The greater and lesser sciatic foramen

Question 19

How is the inguinal ligament formed?

Answer 19

The aponeurosis of external oblique as it rolls over itself to form the anterior wall and floor of the inguinal canal

Question 20

What type of joint is the anterior sacroiliac joint and what ligament protects it?

Answer 20

Plane synovial joint protected by the anterior sacroiliac ligament

Question 21

What type of joint is the posterior sacroiliac joint and what ligament protects it?

Answer 21

Fibrous joint supported by the posterior sacroiliac ligament

Question 22

Whatis the name of the classic female shape of the pelvis inlet?

Answer 22

Gynecoid

Question 23

What is the name of the classic male shape of the pelvic inlet?

Answer 23

Android

Question 24

What is the name given to a more flattened pelvic inlet in an anterior posterior direction?

Answer 24

Platypelloid

Question 25

What is the name given to a wider pelvic inlet in an anterior posterior direction?

Answer 25

Anthropoid

Question 26

What nerve innervates the iliacus muscles?

Answer 26

Femoral nerve

Question 27

What is the action of the iliacus muscle?

Answer 27

To flex the hip

Question 28

What nerve innervates the psoas muscle?

Answer 28

Anterior rami of L2-L4

Question 29

What is the action of the psoas muscle?

Answer 29

Flex the hip

Question 30

What is the main action of the obturator externus muscle?

Answer 30

- to abduct the thigh | - to laterally rotate the thigh

Question 31

What muscle attaches to the membrane and sends its tendons through the the lesser sciatic notch to reach the femur?

Answer 31

Obturator internus

Question 32

What tendon runs between the two glamelli muscles?

Answer 32

Obturator internus

Question 33

What muscle is a useful landmark in the pelvis as the sciatic nerve and pudendal nerve form on its superior surface?

Answer 33

Piriformis

Question 34

What is the main function of the piriformis muscle?

Answer 34

To support the pelvic wall by partially covering the opening of the greater sciatic foramen

Question 35

What two muscle blocks form the pelvic diaphragm?

Answer 35

- Levator ani (anteriorly) | - Coccygeus (posteriorly)

Question 36

What is the main function of the coccygeus muscle and what nerve is it innervated by?

Answer 36

- To flex the coccyx | - Direct branches from the sacral plexus (S4-5)

Question 37

What are the two divisions of the levator ani?

Answer 37

- Pubococcygeus | - Iliococcygeus

Question 38

What is the main function of the pubococcygeus muscle?

Answer 38

To support the vagina, prostate and rectum

Question 39

What provides the levator ani with motor innervation?

Answer 39

- Nerve to levator ani | - Pudendal nerve

Question 40

What two sections of the pubococcygeus muscle are found in males?

Answer 40

- Levator prostatae | - Puborectalis

Question 41

What two sections of the pubbococcygeus muscle are found in females?

Answer 41

- Pubovaginallis | - Puborectalis

Question 42

What nerve innervates the pubococcygeus muscle?

Answer 42

- Pudendal nerve | - Nerve to levator ani

Question 43

What is the main function of the puborectalis muscle?

Answer 43

To maintain continence by bending the rectum

Question 44

What nerve innervates the puborectalis muscle?

Answer 44

- Pudendal nerve | - Nerve to levator ani

Question 45

What is the attachment site for the Iliococcygeus muscle?

Answer 45

Tendinous arch of levator ani

Question 46

What nerve innervates the iliococcygeus muscle?

Answer 46

- Pudendal nerve | - Nerve to levator ani

Question 47

What muscles from the pelvic region attach to the perineal body?

Answer 47

- Levator prostatae - Pubovaginalis - External anal sphincter

Question 48

What pelvis fascia covers the internal wall?

Answer 48

Parietal pelvic fascia

Question 49

What pelvis fascia covers the organs?

Answer 49

Visceral pelvic fascia

Question 50

What pelvis fasica acts as packing material around the organs?

Answer 50

Endopelvic fascia