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Anatomy > Pelvis and Pelvic Cavity > Flashcards

Pelvis and Pelvic Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

What do the Iliac crests of the Pelvis form?

A

Transtubercular plane

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2
Q

What is the intercristal plane?

A

Joining of highest points of pelvis at the back

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3
Q

How are female Pelvis different?

A

Wider and broader for adaptation for childbirth

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4
Q

What are the ways that the Pelvis differs?

A

1) Larger angled sub-pubic arch
2) Pelvic outlet is rounder
3) Ischial Spine projects further into the male pelvic cavity

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5
Q

What are the 3 functions of the pelvis?

A

1) Transfer of weight
2) Attachment for muscles and ligaments
3) Contains and protects pelvic viscera

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6
Q

What are the 2 hiatuses of pelvic floor and what passes through?

A

1) UG: Urethra/Vagina

2) Rectal: Anal canal

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7
Q

What are the functions of the pelvic floor muscles?

A

1) Support abdomino-pelvic viscera
2) Resist increases in intra pelvic pressures
3) Maintain urinary and faecal continence

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8
Q

What are the 2 main muscles of the pelvic floor?

A

1) Levator Ani Muscles

2) Coccygeus

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9
Q

How is levator ani innervated and its function?

A

Branches of Peudendal nerve S2-4

Maintains faecal continence and during defecation muscle relaxes

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10
Q

What is the perineum?

A

Anatomical space below the pelvic diaphragm, diamond shaped, containing urinary, GI and reproductive viscera

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11
Q

What divides anterior and posterior triangles of perineum?

A

Imaginary line between the ischial tuberosities

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12
Q

What is the broad ligament?

A

Double peritoneum layer that attaches the uterus to pelvis (Acts as mesentery)

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13
Q

What is the round ligament and role?

A

Remnant of gubernaculum

Maintains anteverted position of uterus.

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14
Q

What is the function of the bladder?

A

Collection, temporary storage and expulsion of urine

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15
Q

What are 3 ways that it is specialised?

A

1) Rugae so can expand
2) Detrusor muscle so relaxes in storage, increasing volume
3) Urethral sphincters contract

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16
Q

Which urethral sphincter is composed of skeletal muscle?

A

External so under voluntary control

17
Q

What are the 3 parts of the uterus?

A

1) Fundus
2) Body
3) Cervix

18
Q

Where is the uterus found compared to the bladder?

A

Postero-superior

19
Q

What is the natural position of the uterus?

A

Anteverted and anteflexed to the vagina (Rotated towards anterior surface of body)

20
Q

What is found in the cardinal ligament?

A

Uterine artery and vein

21
Q

What is the role of the uterine tubes and its named aprts?

A

Assisting in transport and transfer of ovum from ovary to uterus
Isthmus –> Ampulla –> Infundibulum

22
Q

What is the role of Fimbriae?

A

To capture the ovum

23
Q

What is the uterine tube blood supply?

A

Ovarian and Uterine arteries

24
Q

What are 2 functions of the ovaries?

A

1) Production of oocytes

2) Production of oestrogen and progesterone

25
Q

What is the term for external female genitalia?

A

Vulva

26
Q

What are the 3 functions of the Vagina?

A

1) Receives penis in intercourse
2) Expands providing delivery channel for childbirth
3) Serves as a canal for menstrual fluid to leave the body

27
Q

What is found in the vaginal mucosa?

A

1) Stratified squamous epithelium

2) Elastic lamina propria

28
Q

What are 3 functions of the vulva?

A

1) Sensory tissue in sex
2) assist in micturition
3) Defend internal female reproductive tract from infection

29
Q

What is the ejaculatory duct formed from?

A

Vas Deferens and Seminal Vesicle

30
Q

What is the function of the prostate glands?

A

Secrete proteolytic enzymes to break down clotting factors in ejaculate, so semen can stay fluid

31
Q

Which 2 vessels pierce the prostate?

A

1) Urethra

2) Ejaculatory Ducts

32
Q

What are the parts of male urethra?

A

1) Prostatic: Urethra descend through prostate
2) Membranous: Urethra transvers UG diaphragm
3) Penile: Urethra travels through bulb, corpus spongiosum and glans of penis

33
Q

What is a retroverted uterus?

A

Uterus rotated towards PAW, lie on rectum

Anatomy (25 decks)

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