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Anatomy > Stomach and Bowel > Flashcards

Stomach and Bowel Flashcards

1
Q

How is the jejunum connected to PAW?

A

SI Mesentery

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2
Q

Which part of LI are intraperitoneal?

A

Transverse and Sigmoid Colon

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3
Q

What is the lesser sac?

A

Peritoneal sac posterior to stomach and LO. Communicates with GS through epiploic foramen

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4
Q

What lies in free border of LO?

A

HA, HPV and BDuct

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5
Q

What are the 4/5 main regions of the stomach?

A

1) Cardia
2) Fundus
3) Body
4) Antrum
5) Pylorus

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6
Q

Which vertebral levels does stomach lie in?

A

T7 to L3

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7
Q

What are the folds called on internal stomach surface?

A

Rugae

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8
Q

What are the 2 stomach sphincters and which one is physiological? (Muscular function)

A

1) Inferior Oesophageal Sphincter (Phys)
2) Pyloric Sphincter
(Controls chyme exit from stomach)

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9
Q

Where does foregut end and midgut begin?

A

Major duodenal papilla (2nd part)

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10
Q

Stomach GC blood supply? (2)

A

1) Short gastrics

2) L&R Gastro-epiploic arteries

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11
Q

Stomach LC blood supply? (2)

A

L&R Gastric Arteries

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12
Q

What is right gastric and right gastro-epiploic branch of?

A

1) RG: Proper hepatic from CHA from coeliac trunk

2) RGE: Terminal branch of GD artery, from common HA from CT

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13
Q

What is LGE artery a branch of?

A

Splenic artery from coeliac trunk

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14
Q

Where does venous blood from GI tract, liver and spleen drain into?

A

HPV (to liver)

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15
Q

What are the innervations of stomach?

A

1) T5-9 Sympathetic

2) Vagus Parasympathetic

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16
Q

Where does oesophagus pass through stomach? And what structures pass alongside?

A

1) T10

2) Vagus nerve, oesophageal arteries/veins

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17
Q

Which nerve is anterior and posterior to abdominal oesophagus?

A

1) LV: Anterior

2) RV: Posterior (LARP)

18
Q

What are the small folds of mucosa inside the SI?

A

Plicae circulares

19
Q

What are Peyer’s patches and where are they found?

A

Large, submucosal lymph nodes

Ileum

20
Q

Are jejunum and ileum retro or intra peritoneal?

A

Intra

21
Q

Which part of intestine has thicker wall out of Jejunum and Ileum?

A

Jejunum

22
Q

What are 5 characteristics of the Jejunum?

Ten Lanky Lads play rugby

A

1) Thick intestinal walls
2) Longer vasa recta
3) Less arterial arcades
4) Pronounced plicae circulates
5) Red in colour

23
Q

What are the 5 characteristics of the Ileum?

A

1) Thin intestinal walls
2) Shorter vasa recta
3) More arterial arcades
4) Peyer’s patches
5) Pink in colour

24
Q

What is Meckel’s diverticulum and where found?

A

1) Attachment of mid-gut to yolk sac embryonic remnant

2) 1M from term of ileum

25
Q

Where does midgut start and end? And blood supply?

A

1) 3rd part of duodenum to 2/3 of TC

2) SMA

26
Q

What are the 3 main branches of SMA?

A

1) Right Colic
2) Middle Colic
3) Ileo Colic

27
Q

Where does right and middle colic supply?

A

1) Right: Ascending Colon

2) Middle: Transverse Colon

28
Q

Into which vein does blood from the jejunum and ileum drain and what is the final destination of the blood?

A

Drains into the superior mesenteric vein.

This vein combines with the splenic vein to form the hepatic portal vein which then goes on to the liver.

29
Q

What is the innervation of SI?

A

1) Sympathetic: Lesser Splanchnic (T10-11)

2) Parasympathetic: Vagus

30
Q

4 adaptations of SI for large SA for absorption of nutrients in intestine?

A

1) Plicae circularis
2) Coiled length
3) Villi
4) Microvilli

31
Q

What is caecum’s peritoneal position? And blood supply and venous drainage?

A

1) Intraperitoneal

2) Ileocolic artery and Ileocolic vein –>SMV

32
Q

Ascending colon blood supply and vd?

A

1) Ileocolic and right colic arteries

2) Ileocolic and right colic veins

33
Q

Descending colon blood supply and VD?

A

1) Left colic and superior sigmoid arteries

2) Inferior Mesenteric vein

34
Q

Transverse colon blood supply and VD?

A

1) Middle colic artery

2) SMV

35
Q

Sigmoid colon blood supply and VD?

A

1) Sigmoid arteries

2) IMV (L3)

36
Q

3 adaptations of LI?

A

1) Appendices epiploicae
2) Tenia Coli
3) Haustrations

37
Q

What are Tenia Coli?

A

3 strips of longitudinal muscle on outer surface of LI

38
Q

What are haustrations?

A

Sacculations from where tenia coli contract to shorten wall of bowel

39
Q

What are appendices epiploicae?

A

Small pouches of peritoneum with fat, where BV enter bowel to supply mucosa

40
Q

Hindgut innervation?

A

1) Sympathetic: Least Splanchnic (T12)

2) Para: S2-4

41
Q

Give 4 locations where the distal end of the appendix may lie.

A
  1. In the pouch of Douglas.
  2. Behind the caecum.
  3. Behind the umbilicus.
  4. Below the liver.
42
Q

What is marginal artery of Drummond and significance?

A

1) Artery forms anastomoses between SMA and IMA

2) If occlusion in IMA, blood can be supplied to LI via SMA through MAD

Anatomy (25 decks)

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